Name……….
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Chapter -4(Geography)
Very short answer type questions:-
Q1 What is manufacturing?
Ans. It is a process in which raw materials are converted into finished material for use.
Q2 On what basis can we classify industries?
Ans. We can classify industries on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership.
Q3 On the basis of raw materials classify the industries.
Ans. i.Mineral based Industry
ii. Marine based Industry
iii. Agro based Industry
iv.Forests based Industry
Q4-What is a heavy industry?
Ans: The industry which used bulky and heavy raw materials is called heavy industry.
Q5. What is smelting?
Ans. The process by which separating metals from ores by heating is known as smelting
Q6 What are the inputs for the iron and steel industry?
Ans: Raw materials such as iron ore, coal and limestone, along with labour, capital, site are
the inputs for the iron and steel industry.
Q7 From where is the term 'textile' derived?
Ans: The term 'textile' is derives from the Latit, word 'texere which means to weave,
Q8 Why is Pittsburgh famous?
Ans: Pittsburgh is an important steel city of the USA (United States of America).
Short Answer Type Questions
Q1. Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
Ans The factors affecting location of an industry are:-
i. Availability of raw materials
ii. Transport facility
iii. Capital (Money)
iv. Labour
v. Market
vi. Availability of labour
vii. Power
viii. Land
Q2 Classify the industries on the basis of raw material.
Ans. Industries are classified into four types on the basis of raw material.
i. Agro-Based industries:- These industries used agricultural products as their raw material,
for example-co textile, vegetable oil, jute textile.
ii. Mineral- Based industries:- These industries use rocks and minerals as their raw material.
For example, the iron and steel industry, and the cement industry.
iii. Marine based industries:- These industries obtain their raw material from seas and ocean.
For example seafood, fish oil.
iv. Forest based industries:- These industries used forest produce as their raw material. For
example:-fursa paper, Sports goods.
Q3. Classify the industries on the basis of ownership.
Ans. On the basis of ownership industries can be classified into four types:-
i. Private sector:- These industries are owned and operated by individual or a group of
individuals, eg. TISCO,Reliance
ii. Public sector:- These industries are owned and operated by government, eg. SAIL,
BHEL
iii. Joint-sector : These industries are owned and operated jointly by government agencies
and private firms.e.g. Maruti Udyog Limited, Oil India Limited.
iv. Cooperative sectors: These Industries are owned and managed by usually producers or
suppliers of raw materials. Example:- Anand Milk, Sudha Dairy
Long answer questions:-
Q1. What factors led to the development of TATA Steel Company in Jamshedpur.?
Ans. Jamsetji Tata choose Jamshedpur to set up his iron and steel plant because of the
following reasons:-
i. This city is close to the iron ore mines and coal mines of Jharkhand and Orissa.
ii. The city of Jamshedpur has good rail and road transportation links.
iii. Cheap Labour is easily available from neighbouring states such as Jharkhand, West
Bengal and Odisha
iv. Easy supply of electricity.
v. Easy water supply from the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkal.
Q2. Describe the concept of the industrial system with examples.
Ans. An Industrial system Consists of input, process and outputs. The inputs are raw
material labour, land,Transport, power and other infrastructure Processes include activities
that convert the raw material into finished products.The outputs are the end product.
In case of textile industries:-
Inputs - Cotton, labour, factory, transport cost.
Process:-ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing.
Output-The clothes you wear.
Q3 What are the stages involved in converting Iron ore into steel?
Ans. There are three stages in converting iron ore into steel
Stage: 1 (Smelting)- Iron ore, coal and limestone are put in a blast furnace and melted to
extract the metal. This process is called smelting. The molten iron is run into moulds. This
iron is called pig iron.
Stage: 2 (Extraction)-The iron that is extracted from the furnace is refined. Carbon is mixed
in this iron to make steel
Stage: 3 (Casting)- The steel is then cast as billets or slabs. These billers and slabs are
used by other industries as raw material.
Q4 Why is Iron and steel the backbone of modern industry?
Ans Iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry
because almost everything from Safety pins to big ships are made from steel.Without the
use of iron no industry can run.
Q5 Differentiate between small scale and large scale industries.
Ans.
Small scale industries Large scale industries
i. Small scale industries use a i. Large scale industries use a
lesser amount of capital and high amount of capital and the
technology. superior technology.
ii. It is a labour intensive ii. It is capital intensive industry,
industry. food
iii. For example: Silk iii. For example: Automobiles
industry, Iron and steel industry.
