COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
THIRD STAGE
Lecturer : Zaher M. Abd
3.1. INTRODUCTION
Laplace transforms help in solving the differential equations with
boundary values without finding the general solution and the values of the
arbitrary constants.
LAPLACE TRANSFORM
3.2. Important formulae
3.2. Important formulae
Example1: To find the Laplace transform of 𝒇 𝒕 = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 .
Solution
∞ −𝑠𝑡 ∞
𝑒 𝑎 ∞
ℒ 𝑎 = 𝑎𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑎 = 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡
0 −𝑠 0 𝑠
𝑎 𝑎
∴ℒ 𝑎 = 0−1 = (𝑠 > 0)
𝑠 𝑠
Example2: To find the Laplace transform of 𝒇 𝒕 = 𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 . As
multiply 𝒇 𝒕 𝒃𝒚 𝒆−𝒔𝒕 and integrate between 𝒕 = 𝟎 and 𝒚 = ∞ . all cases, we
Solution
∞ ∞ −(𝑠−𝑎)𝑡 ∞
𝑒
ℒ 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑒 −(𝑠−𝑎)𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑎
0 0 −(𝑠 − 𝑎) 0
1 1
= 0−1 =
𝑠−𝑎 𝑠−𝑎
1
∴ ℒ 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 = (𝑠 > 0)
𝑠−𝑎
3.3. Properties of Laplace Transforms
3.3.1 Linearity
The Laplace transform of the linear sum of two Laplace transformable
functions 𝒇(𝒕) + 𝒈(𝒕) with respective abscissas of convergence
𝝈𝒇 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝈𝒈 , 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝝈𝒈 > 𝝈𝒇 , is
ℒ* 𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔 (𝑡)+ = 𝐹 (𝑠) + 𝐺(𝑠)
ℒ* 𝑎𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑏 𝑔 (𝑡)+ = 𝑎ℒ * 𝑓(𝑡) + + 𝑏ℒ * 𝑔(𝑡) +
3.3.2 Differentiation
𝐼𝑓 𝐿 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐹𝑠, ⇒ 𝐿 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑠𝐿 𝑓(𝑡) − 𝑓(0)
∞
Proof 𝐿 𝑓(𝑡) = 0
𝑓 (𝑡)𝑒 −𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Example : Find ℒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡
Solution :
3.3.3. Shifting Property (multiply by 𝒆𝒂𝒕 property)
3.3.4. Multiply by 𝒕𝒏 property
𝑑 𝑛
𝐼𝑓ℒ 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐹 𝑠 , 𝑡𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑓ℒ 𝑡 𝑛 . 𝑓(𝑡) = −1 𝑛 𝑛 𝐹(𝑠)
𝑑𝑠
Example 4: Find Laplace transform for following functions:
3.3.5. Laplace of Integral
𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞: 𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝
𝑡 𝑡 2 𝑥
1. ℒ 0
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑢 𝑑𝑢 2. ℒ 0
𝑥 𝑒 𝑑𝑥
:Solution
2 1 2
1. F(t)=sin2t , F(s)= 2 ⟹ 𝐾 𝑠 =
𝑠 +4 𝑠 𝑠2 + 4
𝑡 2 𝑥 1
2. 𝐾 𝑠 = ℒ 0
𝑥 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 = ℒ 𝑡 2𝑒𝑡
𝑠
1 2!
= 3
𝑠 𝑠−1
