Soil Moisture Monitoring System
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NAME : POOJITHA VUTLAPALLI
ID : 2400032019
ABSTRACT
The Soil Moisture Monitoring System is designed to automate the process of
tracking soil moisture levels using an Arduino microcontroller. This system aims to
optimize water usage in agriculture, gardens, and plantations by providing real-time
data on soil moisture, helping to prevent over- or under-watering. The setup
includes moisture sensors embedded in the soil that relay data to the Arduino
board, which processes and displays the information. When moisture falls below a
predefined threshold, the system can trigger alerts or even activate irrigation
systems automatically. This project is an affordable, efficient, and scalable solution
to sustainable water management, contributing to the growing need for smart
agricultural technologies in resource-constrained environments.
INTRODUCTION
➢ Proper moisture is crucial for plant growth and optimal agricultural yields, making monitoring
essential
➢ Traditional irrigation methods are inefficient; automation improves water management and
conserves resources.
➢ Useful in agriculture, greenhouses, and gardens to promote sustainable water use and improve
crop health
➢ This system monitors soil moisture in real-time and automates irrigation control based on
moisture levels.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
METHODOLOGY
➢ Data Acquisition
Use microcontrollers for data logging
Implement storage solutions (cloud/local)
➢ Power Supply
Select energy source (batteries, solar)
➢ Data Transmission
Choose communication protocol (Wi-Fi, LoRa) and Enable remote monitoring features
➢ Calibration & Validation
Calibrate sensors for accuracy and Field-test against standard methods
➢ Integration
Connect with weather data for insights
Automate irrigation based on moisture levels
➢ User Interface
Develop an intuitive dashboard
Implement alerts for critical moisture levels
➢ Maintenance & Support
Schedule regular maintenance
Problem Identification And Survey
➢ Problem Identification:
•Inconsistent Watering: Difficulty in managing overwatering and underwatering leads
to plant stress.
•Lack of Real-Time Data: Traditional methods are often inaccurate and slow, delaying
necessary responses.
•Environmental Variability: Different soil types and weather conditions complicate
moisture management.
•Resource Waste: Inefficient water use increases costs and raises environmental
concerns.
➢ Survey Objectives:
•Assess current soil moisture management practices.
•Identify pain points and specific user needs.
•Evaluate the effectiveness of existing solutions.
IMPLEMENTATION
❖ Hardware Setup
Sensors:
• Use capacitive soil moisture sensor for soil moisture measurement.
• Optionally, add DHT11 or DHT22 for temperature and humidity monitoring.
Microcontroller:
• Choose Arduino or ESP32 (for Wi-Fi capability).
Display:
• Use an LCD (16x2) or OLED for data output.
❖ Circuit connection
Soil Moisture Sensor:
• Connect VCC to 3.3V/5V
• Connect GND to Ground
• Connect the data pin to a digital pin
• Display For LCD (16x2):
• Connect RS, E, D4-D7 to designated pins on the microcontroller
• Connect RW to Ground
RESULT
➢ Accurate Moisture Readings:
•The system consistently provides precise soil moisture levels, enabling reliable
irrigation decisions.
➢ Environmental Insights:
•Integrated temperature and humidity data enhance understanding of plant needs and
environmental conditions.
➢ Timely Data Updates:
•Data refreshes every 10 seconds, allowing for real-time monitoring and quick response
to changing conditions.
➢ Stable Performance:
•Continuous operation with reliable power ensures consistent monitoring without
interruptions.
➢ Improved Plant Health:
•Comprehensive data collection supports better irrigation strategies, ultimately
promoting healthier plant growth.
CONCLUSION
The soil moisture monitoring system effectively provides real-time data on soil
moisture, temperature, and humidity, facilitating informed irrigation decisions.
With accurate readings and timely updates, the system enhances
understanding of environmental conditions, promoting optimal plant health.
Its stable performance and comprehensive data integration make it a valuable
tool for efficient water management in agriculture.
Moreover, the system’s user-friendly interface allows for easy access to data,
empowering farmers and gardeners to make quick adjustments as needed.
Ultimately, this system supports sustainable practices by ensuring that crops
receive the right amount of moisture, leading to improved yields and resource
conservation.
REFERENCE
➢ Decagon Devices GS3: A soil moisture sensor that provides accurate
readings of moisture content, temperature, and electrical conductivity for
precision agriculture.
➢ Vegetronix VG-Meter: A wireless soil moisture sensor that measures
volumetric water content, suitable for both agricultural and gardening
applications.
➢ HydroFarm Soil Moisture Meter: A handheld device that offers quick soil
moisture readings, ideal for home gardeners and small-scale farmers.
➢ Xiaomi MiFlora Plant Sensor: A smart plant monitoring system that tracks
soil moisture, light, temperature, and fertilizer levels, providing insights via a
mobile app.
➢ GROVE - Soil Moisture Sensor: An easy-to-use soil moisture sensor
designed for integration into DIY projects, offering real-time moisture level
readings for home gardening.
