DEPARTMENT OF QUANTITY SURVEYING
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SARAWAK
BACHELOR IN QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONOURS)
BQS 514
RESEARCH METHODLOGY
ASSIGNMENT 3
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
IMPORTANCE OF USING SOFTWARE DURING DESIGN PHASE IN
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA.
PREPARED FOR : DR. SYLVIA GALA MONG @ AGAM
PREPARED BY : MUHAMMAD AJMAL FARHAN BIN MULIADI
STUDENT ID : 2022602224
GROUP : AP2243C
DATE OF SUBMISSION : 27 JANUARY 2023
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 RESEARCH TITLE AND THREE KEYWORDS..................................................................................3
2.0 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................3
3.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................3
4.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT..............................................................................................................5
5.0 AIM OF RESEARCH....................................................................................................................6
6.0OBJECTIVES...............................................................................................................................6
7.0 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.............................................................................................................7
8.0 SCOPE OF RESEARCH................................................................................................................7
9.0 RESEARCH METHODLOGY.........................................................................................................7
10.0 REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................12
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1.0 RESEARCH TITLE AND THREE KEYWORDS
Importance of using software during design phase in construction industry in
Malaysia.
Keyword : Importance, uses,design phase, construction industry
2.0 ABSTRACT
Aligning the knowledge and perspectives of designers and contractors is the
foundation for productive collaboration during the design phase of construction projects. In
these design development meetings, the client, the main contractor, the consultants, and the
subcontractors, when transitioning from conceptual designs to a recorded set of shop
drawings, representatives face a number of difficulties. The aim of this research is to
determine the importance of using software during design phase in construction industry in
Malaysia. The peak of participant interaction occurs during this phase, which also involves
discussing and improving design solutions, outlining and reflecting on one another's thoughts
and concerns, and negotiating design and cost choices. This research discovers that
collaboration is frequently portrayed as a set of skills that serve as the foundation for
productive interaction and the achievement of goals, but actual interactive processes are
rarely given much thought. There is no agreement on a framework to measure collaboration
in the field empirically, despite the fact that collaboration has been theoretically studied from
a variety of perspectives grouped into normative and practice-based approaches that have
improved the research field at the inter-organisational macro-level. As a result, this paper's
goal is to examine the recurring themes that describe interdisciplinary cooperation in the
literature and create a framework that explains the conceptual connections between them.
The CIDB offers a centre as a resource for all parties involved in the industry to understand
the true concept of software technology and to take courses offered in relation to the use of
design software technology in an effort to coordinate the policy on the use of design
software technology. These findings are helpful for those working to improve the
software technology's systematic application in organisational management during the
construction design stage.
3.0 INTRODUCTION
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The methods used in the field of architecture, engineering, construction evolving
quickly, but this evolution is always outpaced by increases in new demands, which appear to
be growing even more quickly.According to Ajouli (2021) Due to the increasing frequency of
large infrastructure projects, businesses must create new tools to produce plans and
documents as well as to control changes and incoming information during the design phase.
Plans can be managed and changed as necessary with the help of the existing drawing
software (like AutoCAD). However, as stated by Carvalho et al. (2020) Building Information
Modeling (BIM), which offers a significant advantage in terms of data integration, has
recently been gradually replacing this technology.
Next, based on Mirri et al. (2018) ,designing or modelling software has remained a
virtually untapped technology for many construction organisations despite its growing appeal
among builders of all sizes. Construction management software is mainly uses as a project
management solution created exclusively for construction professionals with the goal of
improving business operations in the industry. Members of the construction sector can get a
variety of advantages from this kind of software by simplifying tasks that were previously
performed manually, such as job scheduling, decision-making, and communication.
Mirri et al. (2018)
Moreover,businesses have also recognised the savings they can achieve by
investing in designing and modelling software because the majority of these tools are cloud-
based. The app helps businesses produce better products and scale more efficiently while
also drastically reducing operational costs.(cite)Such progress is expected to accelerate the
creation of cloud-based applications. This uses of software can be helpful. A design and
modelling software must be able to interact with other business tools since the rivalry in the
construction industry is growing day by day.
Additionally, according to Al-Sarayreh et al., (2021) in design and modelling,the uses
of software is very importance because every aspect of building design is essentially
automated by this capability. Planning resources, working together as a team, monitoring the
status of projects, and incorporating client requirements are a few of these. It is also possible
to automate project schedule updating and resource management across a number of
projects.
Last but not least, Based on Ajouli, (2021) The adoption of design and modelling
software began with the design phase of construction projects and is currently expanding to
other stages. The use of software in collaborative forms for building design is also being
developed. However, the other three interim phases of construction projects still only use a
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small amount of software.Design and modelling software adaptation is progressing slowly
because each phase of construction activity necessitates the creation of unique software and
a set of supporting tools.Tools are frequently examined as clearly defined and well-bounded
entities in activity theory. This notion is challenged by the study of software, which is a
constantly evolving collection of software created for various uses. It can be referred to as a
multipurpose technology.
4.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The problem statement in this paper are divided into three which are delay in construction
project,advancement of software during design phase and incompatibility of software used
during design phase.
Delay in construction projects
According to Abdel-Khalek et al., (2019) When it comes to construction, it will have a
deadline that is proposed by the client and it has to be done within the time frame.In order to
finish the project within the time frame, it is hard to achieve manually with no software
involve.As mentioned by Alsuliman, (2019) Delay in finishing the project may occur and it will
give negative effects to the companies because delays result in a loss of output and income.
As a result, the contractor's lost profit is equal to the opportunity cost of the projects they
pass up.According to Hatmoko et al., (2019) Construction industry rivalry is becoming more
intense which means all construction companies compete to determine which one is more
qualified to carry out the project more efficient within the time frame.
Advancement of software during design phase
A wide range of features in construction design software make it simple to produce
designs of an outstanding quality as mentioned by Carvalho et al., (2020) . The majority of
programmes enable users to draw elements like walls, doors, windows, stairs, beams, and
roofs. They might also have instruments for accurately drawing angles or measuring the
separations between points on the plan. According to Vukovic et al., (2020) some
programmes even allow users to view a realistic image of the project they are creating
through 3D rendering. Only assisted drawing has also contributed to increasing industrial
efficiency, despite the fact that the application of CAD did not initially meet the functional
requirements for assisted design. Within the parameters of the original industry operation
process, CAD software represents a technical advancement. As mentioned by Nguyen et al., (2018)
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BIM is a modern tool for advancing concept and process changes. The
construction sector is growing rapidly and evolving.
Incompatibility of software used during design phase
According to Mieslenna & Wibowo, (2019) even though the use of software in design
phase has grown quickly, some in the construction industry have not yet to adopt the
methodology. As a result, they frequently won't make the shortlist for the tendering process
because their operations are incompatible. To turn that on its head, implementing software
during design phase in construction company will increase the likelihood that the tendering
application will be accepted as mentioned by Seyis (2020) . To adopt design software such
as BIM, you will need to devote time and money to training. As with learning anything new,
the initial stages may take longer because people first go through training before learning
essentially on the job. As change becomes ingrained in the routines of the company, there
needs to be a mindset and a commitment that this will get easier over time.
The hands-on approach and reliance on verbal communication common in the
construction sector. As mentioned by Lin et al., (2020) BIM needs communication to be held
centrally and in a digital format in order to be efficient and trustworthy. For this to be
effective, it needs to be understood and put into practise by all parties involved in the life
cycle of a building. design software such as BIM is now frequently mentioned as a
requirement of tenders and written into contract agreements in the construction sector,
reinforcing the message that BIM will increase supply chain trust. For BIM to function at its
best, information input needs to be accurate and planned timeframes need to be followed,
whenever possible.
5.0 AIM OF RESEARCH
The purposes of this research is to determine the important of using software during
design phase in construction industry in Malaysia
6.0 OBJECTIVES
(i) To analyse the problem faced by the construction industry in Malaysia regarding the
efficiency of design/modelling software in completing the projects.
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(ii) To determine the factor that contributing to the delay of construction projects in
Malaysia.
(iii) To identify the suitable design/modelling software used in order to overcome delay in
completion of construction projects.
7.0 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
To achieve the objective of research, few questions are asked to help researcher to
complete the research .The questions are as follows: -
1. What is the problem faced by the construction industry in Malaysia regarding the
efficiency of design/modelling software in completing the projects?
2. What is the factor that contributing to the delay in construction projects in Malaysia?
3. What is the suitable design/modelling software used in order to overcome delay in
completion of construction projects?
8.0 SCOPE OF RESEARCH
This paper is focusing on the importance of using construction design software during design
phase in Malaysia. So, scope of research is thus who works in construction industry such as
contractor and consultant firms. This research mainly aiming thus in the construction industry
in Malaysia
Specifically,this research will be focusing on the parties that involved in using of software
during design phase in Malaysia’s construction.The scope of research will be occur for about
3-6 months through the method of collecting data such as questionnaires. Lastly, this
research will be done only in Malaysia.
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9.0 RESEARCH METHODLOGY
According to Chen et al., (2020) Research methods are the dissertation procedure to
produce reliable and acceptable results in accordance with the scientific method. Every
research process starts with a research problem. Having a clearly stated research problem
is essential for conducting well-defined research. The next stage of the study process is the
research design stage. As a result, the study approach chosen has an impact on the design.
As suggested by Terayama et al., (2019) The procedure's next step involves actually
gathering and analysing data. How the data are gathered and interpreted will depend on the
study methodology used. The process ends with the reporting of the results and
recommendations for further research.
9.1 Research strategy
Mixed method research, which includes both qualitative and quantitative research,
has been used as the research strategy in this case study. This is because the researcher
used written materials and gave out questionnaires to conduct the study as mentioned by
, which falls under the category of documentation, a qualitative research method.
In the meantime, a quantitative method called Likert's Scale will be used to conduct the
surveys.
9.2 Study population
The contractors and consultants in Malaysia's construction industry make up the study
population for this study. For this study, the researcher specifically targeted consultants and
contractors with years of experience in the construction sector. This is because the
researcher needs reliable and valid responses and opinions for this research.
9.3 Sampling Method
Probability sampling is the technique used for this research. A probability sample is
one in which the probability that each member of the population will be chosen is known and
non-zero. According to Etikan & Babatope, (2019) This sampling method determines the
probability that the sample is representative of the population. Additionally, the researcher
employed the systematic sampling method as a type of probability sampling method.
Systematic sampling is superior to pure random sampling in comparison. For this strategy,
(Gill, 2020)based on the complete population profile is required. In this sampling method, the
researcher selects one unit from the sampling frame, and then computes the interval size to
draw additional units.
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DIAGRAM ABOVE SHOWS PROBABILITY SAMPLING (SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING)
The researcher chose this sampling strategy because it is relatively easy to
construct, carry out, compare, and comprehend systematic sampling, according to the
research. This is especially important for surveys or research projects with limited funding.
Researchers and statisticians can feel more in control and follow procedure when they take
a methodical approach. According to, (Terayama et al., 2019) For research with strict
parameters or a narrowly defined hypothesis, this could be especially helpful if the sample is
logically designed to suit those parameters.
9.4 Data collection methods
In this research, according to Gill (2020) a mixed method of data collection which
are method that combines qualitative and quantitative research methods was used to gather
information. In order to gain a better understanding of the significance of using software
during the design phase in the construction industry, the researcher used documentation as
part of the qualitative research method. As mentioned by Gill (2020) for instance, it is
suggested by the author that businesses must develop new tools to produce plans and
documents as well as to manage changes and incoming information during the design
phase. This is because large infrastructure projects are occurring more frequently. On the
other hand, the researcher used Likert's Scale to collect the information from the
questionnaire for the quantitative research method.
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DIAGRAM ABOVE SHOWS LIKERT SCALES
9.5 Data analysis technique
After gathering the data, Terayama et al. (2019) suggested that the researcher
immediately begins the data analysis process. The initial information will be modified.
Content analysis and SPSS, also known as the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences,
are the data analysis methods that were used to carry out this study. The frequently
unstructured content of messages is made sense of using a study method known as content
analysis.
Deductive and inductive qualitative data approaches serve as the foundation for
qualitative data analysis techniques as mentioned by (Etikan & Babatope, 2019) . Deductive
methodology in which researchers and analysts who already have a theory or a
predetermined idea of the likely input from a sample population use this analysis method. In
contrast to the inductive approach, which is used when a researcher or analyst has little
knowledge of the results of a sample population, the deductive approach aims to gather data
that can methodically and accurately support a theory or hypothesis. After that, they analyse
the data to look for trends. The objective is to create a theory that can account for the
patterns in the data. Content analysis and discourse analysis are the two primary qualitative
data analysis methods employed by data analysts. Narrative analysis, which focuses on the
experiences and stories shared by study participants, is another well-liked approach.
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RESEARCH TITLE : Importance of using software during design phase in construction
industry in Malaysia.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
-Delay in constrcution projects
-Advancement of software during design phase
-Incompatibility of software used during design phase
Aim of research:
The purposes of this research is to determine the important of using software during design
phase in construction industry in Malaysia
OBJECTIVES
To analyse the problem faced by the construction industry in Malaysia regarding the efficiency of design/modelling software in completing
the projects.
To determine the factor that contributing to the delay of construction projects in Malaysia.
To identify the suitable design/modelling software used in order to overcome delay in completion of construction projects.
RESEARCH QUESTION :
What is the problem faced by the construction industry in Malaysia regarding the efficiency of design/modelling software in completing the
projects?
What is the factor that contributing to the delay in construction projects in Malaysia?
What is the suitable design/modelling software used in order to overcome delay in completion of construction projects?
SCOPE OF RESEARCH
This paper is focusing on the importance of using construction design software during design phase in
Malaysia. So, scope of research is thus who works in construction industry such as contractor and consultant
firms. This research mainly aiming thus in the construction industry
RESEARCH METHODLOGY:
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE
DATA COLLECTING
DATA ANALYSIS
RESEARCH FINDING
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
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10.0 REFERENCES
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Ajouli, A. (2021). SEA: An UML Profile for Software Evolution Analysis in Design Phase.
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 6(1).
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Al-Sarayreh, K. T., Meridji, K., Alenezi, M., Zarour, M., & Al-Majali, M. D. (2021). A sustainable
procedural method of software design process improvements. Indonesian Journal of
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 21(1).
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Calculation. MedLife Clinics, 1.
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Modeling (BIM) Pada Industri Konstruksi Indonesia Dari Perspektif Pengguna. Jurnal Sosial
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