NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY Wilberforce Islanit, Bayelsa State : DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY FACULTY OF SCIENCE Mac = Ryle "Fon FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINA TION 2018/2019 ACADEMIC SESSION MINERAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY (GEL 21%) Session A: Attend any two question : : i Time: 2 hours 1. What are Minerals itemise and discuss extensively the mineral resources of omic value, NE of metals is associated with 2 variety of environmental problems; Nigeria; stating location and econ 2. discuss this statement with reference to the Nigerian environment. of what economic, val metals to the sustainable development of Nig 3. ERSt are non-metals, lue is the exploitation of non- feria. Session B: Compulsory 4. Briefly discuss the following hazardous condition and th 'eir occurrences i. Volcanoes ii, Earthquake 5. What do you understand by water Pollution, write brief notes on water oct wake A ‘ Pollution, types of water pollution | rh YS Sethe plan oF these , Owais wlalad, oo 7 4 Le neteye Qcoat ahs © meecal ore Natieatly atime, Sule) <0 1a bormamsiecte tee 9 : i ate MAST dense Composed: Selby Te toiak — Galina on met gee tel = Son: a Series foon aya vod od ah fs WOOP Foe writ? we pense STC oy eced welt o pees” Eo Forman’ - 2 : cal ger) Hh one pat pt cholo cond actualy Seyfoee oF a. a slab ut Seypeloaslate tHe yore 195 S ue nates ocak 7 wander Brag pian eon © suse.NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY \WILDERFORCE ISLAND; BAYELSA STATE DEPARTMENT OF. GEOLOGY 1st SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2017/2018 SESSION, COURSE CODE: GEL213 COURSE TITLE: MINERAL RESOUI(CES AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY DATE: AUGUST 2018 ‘TIME ALLOWED: TWO HOURS AND THIRTY MINUTES INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-3 AND ATIEMPT ANY OTHER TWO QUESTIONS. (QUESTIONS 12 MUST BE ANSWERED ON A SEPARATE BOOKLET Y (ALusing suitable examples, discuss the geological envitonment and mineral resourres ‘occurrence in Nigeri (b) using named examples, pive two (2) uses of each of two mineral resources in each. vironment in 1(2). Briefly discuss energy resources and their importance, ene UATE & A ahtew Lenetonb{e F Based on the table allowed into the examination hall, discuss the likely sources and major source of water pollution and pollutants and how can a portable water quality be achieved?” A. Why are subsidence and Jandslide considered as geologic hazards? What are the pieces of evidence of these hazards and how can these hazards be predicted and prevented? = Why are earthquakes and storms considered as geologic hazards? What are the pieces of evidence of these hazards and how can these hazards be predicted and prevented? f Why are erosion and flooding considgred ais geologic hazards? What are the pieces of (Jence of these hazards and how can these hazards be predicted and prevented? howe (loaning nd Gilr Sus : (gers reloeestoe SuhNiger Delia University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Department of Geology First Semester Examination 2018/19 (July 2019). GEL 211: PHYSICAL GEOLOGY ‘TIME: 3 HRS (ANSWER 3 QUESTIONS IN EACH SECTION) xe applicable Use well labelled illustrative diagrams in each question whe! SECTION A ne geosphere nd structure of certain a Write an essay on the internal structure and composition of Ib bxplain how isostacy and gravity measurements account for the shape ai regions of the earth 9 2a Highlight on the skepticism associated with the Wegner theory of continental drift 3b Digcuss paleomagnetism and the revival of the concept of plate tectonics 3a Discuss the Vine-Matthews Ilypathesis 3b Describe the profile and features of a passive continental margin Ja Distinguish between measurements of earthquake magnitude and intensity Be en that the arrival time of P and S waves at 3 earthquake observatories with coordinates 4 (4060,10000), (9000, 14000) and C(! 1000,8000) are [Link] pam and [Link] pans [Link] pam and [Link] a.m; [Link] am and [Link] am respectively, using an he coordinates of the epicenter (2) on a graph sheet. (Vp = Okmn/s appropriate scale, determine t! and Vs = 2.4 km/s) SECTION B nd chemical weathering tiate between mechanical a ach in (a) above. (b) Briefly explain four (4) processes & “5 (q) Discuss the theory of Continental drift (b) Briefly discuss five (©) evidences supporting the theory above. ! 6 show your understanding on the following (a) Polar wandering (b) Sea floor spreading (c) Hotspots (d) Plate boundaries 14 (a) Differen~ RDELTA UNIVERSITY . ‘ORCE ISLAND, BAYE LEAF Department of G onmen Ist Semester Ws 2018/2019 A mentary Surveying Instructions: Answer Question 1 and any ot 41. () IF-a-map scale is 1:50,000 and a measured distance between two known points on the map is dem, what is the equivalent distance on the ground in fo ch kilometer aw (b) The oe * of a certain field was measured with a 30em chain and was found” & to be 5000m?, It was later detected that the chain used was Sem longer, what is the true area of the field? (©) Ione centimeter on a map rep representative fraction, resents 10 kilometers on the ground, find the 2. Using relevant illustrations, describe how 'o overcome a lake and building obstacle to chaining, Oa > Doi i > Yespa (pete surveying and discuss its wo primary divisions, ML = Spe EEE Sond D2! 4. Discuss the eoneepts of local attraction, open and close travedes in compass 6 surveying anc schain was found to be & 4 standard chain it was found to be veyed line, / 3. (a)_The length of a survey line measured with a. 20m 4000m . When the chain was compared with 50mm shorter. Find the true Jength of the sur (b) If a map has a representative fraction kilometers are represented by lem? Ala o 5 (RF) of 1:250,000, find how many (a) Uo ym Yom 2 18 Ose oO LS KISS 2 nm \ 000 kav Mhz loom my ae asthe oe spe uk \ s Le a a . mek = Boe = DOS] hap Siem ree —e Js env Cryer) a «CQ we “ 2) ~ Sut “EF est) gust et) fo Foor EC EN ok SEDANS gape y Se e408 Peer 7 qa =n eel KS(wr (UL J Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State. Department of Geology and Physies B, Se. (Geology) Degree Examination Ast Semester, 2012/2013 Session, April 2013 GEL 227: STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY I, 2 Units.“Time: 2% Hours ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. 1, Fig 1. is a geological map, (@) Draw structure contours on the geological boundaries. Give the gradients of the beds. (dip). = (b) Draw a section along the east — west line Y—Z Veo Calculate the thicknesses of the beds B, C,D, and-E. (©) Indicate on the map an INLIER and an OUTLIER. (@) State the fundamental equation of structural geology. Discus the role ofeach ‘component of the equation in field study of structures. 2. Fig.2 a geological structure, what is it’?(©) What relationship exist between teat A, B,and C7 (©) Discuss the various mechanism that led to the | deformation of the rocks above. (©) List factors that contd the devecpment of the structure above. 3. (a) What are primary structures? (b)_ Why is the geologist intorested in primaty structures? ©) Mention 3 important reaséns for the study of structures. (@ Interpret the following seal 1; 25,0000; 1: $0,000; and 1 : 100,000 lysate the relationship between strike, dip and dip directioy (©) Distinguish between tue dip and apparent di (©) The apparent dip of te contact between a sili and the country rock is 14° S3°.W, Asotier apparent dip of the same contact is 37°S45°W. What is the true dip of the contact 5. With the aid of diagrams, discuss concordant igneous structures, :Niger Delta University . Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa Stnte. Department of Geology and Physics B, Se, (Geology) Degree Examination Ist Semester, 2012/2013 Session, April 2013 GEL 211 : PHYSICAL GEOLOGY 2 Units. Time: 2 Hours SECTION 4, ANSwe . 'NSWER QUESTION 1 AND 1 OTHER IN THIS SECTION. Hatmonise the theories of continental def, isostasy and sea flosr spfading using the Plate tectonics theory. ~ (@) What areas of the globe are prone to earthquakes 2 (©) What are the possible effects of earthquakes in these areas ? (@)_Discisss ocean — ocean convergence. () Relate it to global landforms, SECTION B. ANSWER QUESTION 4 AND 1 OTHER QUESTION IN THIS SECTION. 4. 2) The earth is made up of three main layers, what are they ? b) The earth can be divided internally into two basic types of layering, layering and chemical layering. Using appropriate diagram(s) discuss the layering of the earth, physical physical c) Chemically, the arth is internally divided into the core, the mantle and the crust. Discuss the differences between these layers in terms of composition and thickness, a We s the main chemical difference between the oceanic crust and the continental crust.Niger Delta University. . ree Island, Bayelsa State, q nent of Geology and Physics 1. Se. (Geology) Degree Examination . 1st Semester, 2011/2012 Session, March/Apri Gi 1012 \ i 211: PHYSICAL GEOLOGY 2 Units. Time: 2 Hours poi ANSWER ALL UESTIONS. + (2) What are seismic waves 2 (© Discs the formation of volcanic 2. (@), Relate the theory of isostasy to the present day landforms. # : ~ ; : © AR sUsR the geologic features associated with the Continental Continental plate margin, ss a 3. (a) Discuss chemical weather (> Give a briet review of the internal structure of the earth. 4. (a) Difcuss the factors affecting deposition, (b Weite.a short note on deposition by wind systems, O° elech? def? & 9 egoe, Let ee fase 3° @® Mecengestees se Leyemehs se ahs 2, | eat idea te © see gap ate get “petal Lefer Lineye, : a tee we agi (area rei ereres SeASEL sal (aust femmes TS ITE 7 Gots ue er Sop yehers Boece UE otro! Vg gs dorerbr ee F gut chet ites ' “geal ar © potile Sa peg oe ee q A fore cs ot “ot eee tee Me Ff Me Non vil a ee digest si ad TCH a tompeng) 0 ef fyh D ba oar fet thiovesre9/ Hh eng Corre fold! fy (©) What relationship exist between bedd A, B, and c 2 " . I (©) Discuss the various mechanism that Ted to the deformation of the Tocks above, (©) List factors that controlled the development of the structure above, . (a) What are primary structures? (©) Why is the geologist interested in primary structures? (©) Mention 3 important reasons for the study of steuctures. @ Interpret the following scales: 1: 25,0000; 1; 50,000; and 1 :, 100,000 (@) Mlystrate the relationship between sttike, dip and dip direction. (c) The apparent dip of the contact between a sill and the ‘country rock is 1a? s3° Another apparent dip of the same contact is 37°S45°W. What is the true dip of the contact ? With the aid of diagrams, discuss concordant igneous structures. w.