B.
Tech II year (Civil)
Basic Surveying
Tutorial Sheet- 9-12
1. List the fundamental lines of a theodolite. Explain briefly the desired relationship
between these lines and the effects if such relation is not maintained.
2. Explain the temporary adjustments of a theodolite
3. Explain the procedure of measuring a horizontal and vertical angle with a theodolite
4. Describe the test and adjustment to ensure that vertical axis of a theodolite is truly
vertical.
5. Describe the test and adjustment to ensure that horizontal axis is perpendicular to
vertical axis of a theodolite.
6. In the triangle ABC, AB is 700 m and BC is 1000 m. If the error in centring the targets at
A and C is 5 mm to the left of line AB as viewed from B and 5 mm to the right of the line
BC as viewed from B, what will be the resultant error in the measured angle?
7. What is meant by face left and face right of theodolite. How can it be changed and which
errors are eliminated by changing face.
8. What is the advantage of reading both the verniers of a theodolite.
9. Derive an expression for the horizontal distance of a vertical staff from a tacheometer if
the line of sight of the telescope is horizontal
10. Describe the repitition method of measuring angles with a theodolite
11. Describe the reiteration method of measuring horizontal angles.
12. Explain the field procedure of conducting a tacheometric survey. How are the field
observations recorded?
13. Explain with the aid of necessary equations, how the use of an anallatic lens simplifies
computations when using a tacheometer.
14. What are the constants of a tacheometer and how are they determined?
15. Write short notes on the auto-reduction tacheometer.
16. Describe the Beaman stadia arc.
17. Derive the fundamental equation of tangential tacheometry.
18. Write short notes on the subtense bar and the anallatic lens.
19. Describe the conditions under which tacheometric surveying is advantageous
20. To detemline the distance between two points A and B, a tacheometer was set up at P
and the following observations were recorded.
Staff at A Staff readings = 2.225, 2.605, 2.985 Vertical angle = + 7°54'
Staff at B Staff readings = 1.640, 1.920, 2.200 Vertical angle = - 1 °46'
Horizontal angle APB = + 68°32'30" Elevation of A = 315.600 m k = 100, c = 0.00
m Determine the distance AB and the elevation of B.
21. The following tacheometric observations were made on two points P and Q from
station A.
Staff at Vert Angle Upper Middle Lower
P - 5°12' 1.388 0.978 0.610
Q + 27°35' 1.604 1.286 0.997
The height of the tacheometer at A above the ground was 1.55 m. Detennine the
elevations of P and Q if the elevation of A is 75.500 m. The stadia constant k and c
are respectively 100 and 0.00 m.
22. Determine the horizontal distance and the reduced level of a staff station by stadia
tacheometry from the following data: the instrument is at point P; the sighting is to
point A; the mean vertical angle is 10° 41'30" (elevation); and the staff readings in
metres are 0.915, 1.435 and 1.955. The stadia constants are 99.5 and 0.2 m. The RL of
the instrument station = + 35.42 m; and the height of the instrument axis is 1.52 m.
23. Observations taken by means of a theodolite fitted with stadia hairs gave staff intercepts
of 0.650 m and 1.630 m with the telescope horizontal, at distances of 60m and 15~ m,
respectively. The instrument was then set over a station having an RL of 264.30, the
height of instrument being 1.2 m. The readings on a vertical staff were 1.000, 2.070, and
3.140, the telescope being inclined at 8° below the horizontal. Calculate the RL of the
point where the staff was held and its distance from the instrument.
24. Two observations were taken on a staff on a benchmark by means of a theodolite with
vertical angles of - 2° and + 2°, the readings being 0.600 m and 3.600 m, respectively.
The reduced level of the benchmark was 54.000 m and the height of the instrument was
1.64 m. Determine the reduced level of the theodolite station.
25. A subtense bar has a length of 2.40 m. It is set up at an intermediate point on a traverse
course AB. The angles subtended by the bar at A and B, measured by theodolite, are
42'00" and 36' 00", respectively. Find the length of the side AB.
