HTML Canvas Graphics
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The HTML <canvas> element is used to draw graphics on a web page.
The graphic to the left is created with <canvas>. It shows four elements: a
red rectangle, a gradient rectangle, a multicolor rectangle, and a multicolor
text.
What is HTML Canvas?
The HTML <canvas> element is used to draw graphics, on the fly, via JavaScript.
The <canvas> element is only a container for graphics. You must use JavaScript
to actually draw the graphics.
Canvas has several methods for drawing paths, boxes, circles, text, and adding
images.
Canvas is supported by all major browsers.
Canvas Examples
A canvas is a rectangular area on an HTML page. By default, a canvas has no
border and no content.
The markup looks like this:
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="200" height="100"></canvas>
Note: Always specify an id attribute (to be referred to in a script), and
a width and height attribute to define the size of the canvas. To add a border,
use the style attribute.
Here is an example of a basic, empty canvas:
Example
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="200" height="100" style="border:1px
solid #000000;">
</canvas>
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Add a JavaScript
After creating the rectangular canvas area, you must add a JavaScript to do the
drawing.
Here are some examples:
Draw a Line
Example
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
ctx.moveTo(0, 0);
ctx.lineTo(200, 100);
ctx.stroke();
</script>
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Draw a Circle
Example
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(95, 50, 40, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
ctx.stroke();
</script>
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Draw a Text
Example
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
ctx.font = "30px Arial";
ctx.fillText("Hello World", 10, 50);
</script>
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Stroke Text
Example
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
ctx.font = "30px Arial";
ctx.strokeText("Hello World", 10, 50);
</script>
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Draw Linear Gradient
Example
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
// Create gradient
var grd = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 0, 200, 0);
grd.addColorStop(0, "red");
grd.addColorStop(1, "white");
// Fill with gradient
ctx.fillStyle = grd;
ctx.fillRect(10, 10, 150, 80);
</script>
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Draw Circular Gradient
Example
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
// Create gradient
var grd = ctx.createRadialGradient(75, 50, 5, 90, 60, 100);
grd.addColorStop(0, "red");
grd.addColorStop(1, "white");
// Fill with gradient
ctx.fillStyle = grd;
ctx.fillRect(10, 10, 150, 80);
</script>
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Draw Image
<script>
var c = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = c.getContext("2d");
var img = document.getElementById("scream");
ctx.drawImage(img, 10, 10);
</script>
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HTML Canvas Tutorial
To learn more about <canvas>, please read our HTML Canvas Tutorial.
