Qiskit Fall Fest 2024
Variational Quantum
Eigensolver
- [Link]
Why this Algorithm?
● Helps us to calculate the Ground state of given
Hamiltonian
● Its a hybrid algorithm,thereby can be
implemented with the current noise-prone
Quantum computers
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STEP-1: Defining our ANSATZ
● Reference State : We begin our Quantum Circuit with a initial state ,
which we will parameterize and will arrive at our Ansatz state
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● Parametrizing our Quantum Circuit : We need to parametrize
our Quantum Circuit to find be able to search over our vector
space and find the ideal parameters which would minimize our
cost function
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● Speed: By reducing the search space, the algorithm can run
faster.
● Accuracy: However, reducing the space could risk excluding the
actual solution to the problem, leading to suboptimal solutions.
● Noise: Deeper circuits are affected by noise, so we need to
experiment with our ansatz's connectivity, gates, and gate fidelity
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STEP-2: Defining our cost function
● The problem we need to solve should be mapped to a function, in
such a way that if function is minimized ,it gives us the solution of
the problem we are looking for
● In our case we define our cost function using the variational
principle of Quantum mechanics
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● The cost function in our case that should minimized is the
expectation value with respect to the hamiltonian , i.e
C(θ)=⟨ψ(θ)∣H∣ψ(θ)⟩ >= ⟨ψ(G.S)∣H∣ψ(G.S)⟩
● The set of values of the parameters which minimizes the cost
function is the solution of our problem
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STEP-3: Optimizing our cost function
● The Quantum Computer evaluates the expectation efficiently and
send the calculated value to classical computer
● Classical computers optimize the function using a classical
optimizers (the ones provided by scipy in python in our case)
which updates the value of the parameters and sends it back to
the Quantum Computer
● The QC again calculates the expectation and sends it back to the
Classical computer and this process continues till the optimizer
finds a minima
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How does the classical computer calculates the
minima ?
● The most traditional one would be to minimize the function using
GRADIENT DESCENT
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Once we find the optimal set of parameters for
which our cost function is minimized we have
arrived at our solution and optimizer converges
to that value
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The Algorithm is complete and we have the parameter values
which if fed into the Quantum Circuit gives us the GROUND
STATE !!!!
