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Physics investigatory project
Mathematics Class 10 (Kendriya Vidyalaya
Hebbal)
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KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO1
TIRUPATHI
PROJECT ON
To investigate the dependence of the angle of deviation on the angle of
incidence using a hollow prism filled one by one, with different
transparent fluids.
Physics (042)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mr.Reddy Babu
Done By
P.SANTHOSHINI
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CERTIFICAT
E
This is to certify that P.SANTHOSHINIof class XII-A has completed the physics
project entitled “TO FIND THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF DIFFERENT
LIQUIDS USING HOLLOW PRISM” under the guidance of her physics teacher
Mr.REDDY BABU .The progress of the project has been continuously reported
and has been acknowledged consistently.
(Physics Teacher) PRINCIPAL
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
ACKNOWLEDGEMEN
T
I would like to owe the sense of gratitude to our physics teacher
Mr.REDDY BABU for his consistent guidance, support and
encouragement without which this project would not able to
exist in present shape.
I would also like to thank our Principal Mrs.Anuradha, my parents for
their blessings and my friends for their help in order to complete the
project.
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C
o
n
t
e
n
t
s
Aim:
To
investigate
the
dependence of the angle of deviation on the
angle of incidence using a
hollow prism filled one by one, with different
transparent fluids.
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To find refractive
index of
different liquids using
hollow prism.
THEORY
PRISM: A prism is a transparent optical element
with flat, polished surfaces that refract light.
Prisms can be made from any material that is
transparent including glass,plastic and fluorite.
A prism can be used to break light up into its
constituent spectral colors. Prisms can also be
used to reflect light, or to split light into
components with different polarizations.
REFRACTION:
The refractive index of the liquid
Is given by the formula:
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Where:
= refractive index of the liquid
= the angle of minimum
deviation r = angle of
refraction i = angle of
incidence A = angle of prism
FLUIDS REFRACTIVE
INDEX
Water 1.33
Glycerine 1.47
Ethyl Alcohol 1.36
Vegetable Oil 1.45
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Acetone 1.36
HCl 1.34
PROCEDURE
O Fix a white sheet of paper on the drawing board
with help of drawing pins.
o Keep the prism and mark the outline of it as ABC. o
Drop a normal PQ on the side AB.
o Draw the angle of incidence in accordance with the
normal PQ and place 2 pins so that they appear to
be in the straight line. o Place the prism filled with
given sample of liquid ,on the marked outline ABC.
o Now take the pins and place them on the side AC
so that all the 4 pins appears to be in same line.
o Remove the prism and draw the line joining the
points so obtained.
▪ Mark the diagram as shown in the figure.
o Repeat this with different liquids and different
angle of incidence.
OBSERVATION
HCL
S.No. i e d A
1. 35 48 24 60
2. 40 52 30 60
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3. 45 42 25 60
4. 50 36 26 60
5. 55 32 28 60
Ethyl alcohol
S.No. i e d A
1. 35 52 26 60
2. 40 44 25 60
3. 45 41 25 60
4. 50 36 26 60
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5. 55 32 27 60
Benzaldehyde
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Calculation
Refractive index of water
refractive index of benzaldehyde
refractive index of hcl
=1.34 refractive index of ethyl
alcohol
=1.36
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RESULT
THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF ETHYL ALCOHOL
●EXPERIMENTAL-1.36
●CALCULATED- 1.34
THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF
HCL o EXPERIMENTAL- 1.34
o CALCULATED- 1.34
THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF WATER
● EXPERIMENTAL-1.306
● ACTUAL: 1.33
THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF BENZALDEHYDE
● ACTUAL: 1.546
● EXPERIMENTAL: 1.504
PRECAUTIONS
Angle of incidence should lie b/w 35-60 degree. o
Pins should be vertically fixed and should lie in
same
line. o Distance b/w two points should not be less
than 10mm. o Same angle of prism should be used
for all observation.
o Arrow head should be marked to represent
emergent and incident ray.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
● wikipedia.org
● google.com
● physicsforlife.com {physicsforlife.com}
● earthphysics.com
