ASSIGNMENT
Chemical Process Safety
By Prof. Shishir Sinha
Department of Chemical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee, India
(Rerun 2024)
Week 4
1. Determine the mixture TLV at 25°C and 1 atm pressure of a mixture derived from
50 mol% heptane (TLV 400 ppm) and 50 mol% toluene (TLV 50 ppm). Given: vapor
pressure of toluene is 28.2𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 and that of heptane is 46.4𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔.
(a) 5.0 ppm
(b) 4.5 ppm
(c) 5.5 ppm
(d) 5.2 ppm
Solution:
TLVmixture=TLVC7H16 +TLVC7H8
=(400×0.50)/46.4+(50x0.50)/28.2~5.2 ppm
2. What does the term "point source" refer to in the context of pollution source
modeling?
(a) A source that emits pollutants intermittently
(b) A source that emits pollutants from a single, identifiable location
(c) A source that emits pollutants through groundwater
(d) A source that emits pollutants from a diffuse area
3. What principle governs the flow rate of liquid through a hole in a vessel?
(a) Torricelli's theorem
(b) Bernoulli's principle
(c) Poiseuille's law
(d) Orifice equation
4. In the context of liquid flow through a hole, what is the significance of the coefficient
of discharge?
(a) It accounts for losses due to friction
(b) It adjusts for the shape of the orifice
(c) It measures the viscosity of the liquid
(d) It relates the actual discharge to theoretical discharge
5. What is the term used to describe the flow phenomenon where the velocity of liquid
exiting the hole in a tank is independent of the shape or size of the hole?
(a) Critical flow
(b) Torricelli's flow
(c) Coefficient of discharge
(d) Viscous flow
6. What phenomenon occurs when a vapor flows through a hole and undergoes rapid
expansion, resulting in a decrease in temperature and pressure?
(a) Cavitation
(b) Flashing
(c) Condensation
(d) Boiling
7. Which type of boiling occurs when bubbles of vapor form directly at hot surfaces in
contact with a liquid?
(a) Transition boiling
(b) Pool boiling
(c) Film boiling
(d) Nucleate boiling
8. Which type of boiling is typically associated with the Leidenfrost effect, where a
droplet hovers over a heated surface?
(a) Transition boiling
(b) Pool boiling
(c) Film boiling
(d) Nucleate boiling
9. Which two factors does the 2-K method focus on to determine pressure drop in a
pipeline?
(a) Density and viscosity of the liquid
(b) Pipe diameter and length
(c) Friction factor and velocity of flow
(d) Surface roughness and Reynolds number
10. When using the 2-K method, how does an increase in pipe roughness affect the
calculated pressure drop?
(a) Increases flow rate
(b) No effect on pressure drop
(c) Increases pressure drop
(d) Decreases pressure drop
