Philosophy of Law

COURSE OUTLINE

PHILAWSOPHIA: PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY OF PHILIPPINE LAW

I. The Case for Law

a. Legal Wisdom and Counsel
b. Law’s Likes and Unlikes

Pio Duran vs. Salvador Abad Santos (G.R. No. L-99, November 166, 1945)

II. Legal and Philosophical Issues

a. The Four Elements
b. Branches of Law
c. Main Issues of Law

Felixberto C. Sta Maria vs. Salvador P. Lopez, et. al. (G.R. No. L-30773, February 18, 1970)
Jorge B. Vargas vs. Emilio Rilloraza, et. al. (G.R. No. L-1612, February 26, 1948)
People of the Philippines vs. Julio Pompar (G.R. No. L-22008, November 3, 1924)
Jose Jesus M. Disini, Jr., et. al. vs. The Secretary of Justice (G.R. No. 20335, February 11, 2014)
Cheryll Santos Leus vs. St. Scholastica’s College Westgrove (G.R. No. 187226, January 28,
2015)
Ferdinand R. Villanueva vs. Judicial and Bar Council (G.R. No. 211833, April 7, 2015)
Justa G. Guido vs. Rural Progress Administration, c/o Faustino Aguilar (G.R. No. L-2089,
October 31, 1949)
Pryce Corporation vs. China Bank Corporation (G.R. No. 172302, February 18, 2014)
Securities and Exchange Commission vs. Interport Resources Corporation, et. al. (G.R. No.
135808, October 6, 2008)
Artemio Villareal vs. People of the Philippines (G.R. No. 1511258, December 1, 2014)

III. Theory of Law

a. Legal Theories
b. Schools of Jurisprudence

Republic of the Philippines vs. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No. 104768, July 21, 2003)
William F. Peralta vs. The Director of Prisons (G.R. No. L-49, November 12, 1945)
Alejandro Estrada vs. Soledad Escritor (A.M. No. P-02-1651, August 4, 2003)
Joel G. Miranda vs. Antonio M. Abaya and the COMELEC (G.R. No. 136351, July 28, 1999)
CO KIM CHAM (alias CO KIM CHAM) vs. Eusebio Valdez Tan Keh and Arsenio P. Dizon (G.R. No.
L-5, September 17, 1945)
Teodoro Regal, et. al. vs. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No. 105938, September 20, 1996)
Cipriano P. Primicias vs. Valeriano Fugoso ( G.R. No. L-1800, January 27, 1948)
Joseph Ejercito Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No. 148560, November 19, 2001)
 League of Cities, et. al. vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 176951, June 28, 2011)
Paulino and Lucena Padua vs. Gregorio Robles and Bay Taxi Cab (G.R. No. L-40486, August 29,
1975)
Republic of the Philippines vs. Sandiganbayan, Major General Josephus Ramas and Elizabeth
Dimaano (G.R. No. 104768, July 21, 2003)

IV. Natural Law, International Law and the Classic Philosophers

a. The Nature of Mankind
b. Wrestling for Ideal Law
c. Aristotle on Rational Law
d. The Stoics on Jus Naturale
e. Aquinas on Natural Inclinations
f. Enlightenment Philosophers on Natural Rights
g. Natural Law as the Law of Nations

Republic of the Philippines vs Sandiganbayan, et. al. (G.R. No. 104768, July 21, 2003)
Ateneo De Manila University, et. al. vs. Hon. Ignacio Capulong, et. al. (G.R. No. 99327, May 27,
1993)
Tomoyuki Yamashita vs. Wilhelm D. Styer (G.R. No. L-129, December 19, 1945)
Jose Caraos vs. Iñigo S. Daza (G.R. No. L-442, May 23, 1946)
Maria Jeanette C. Tecson and Felix B. Desiderio, Jr. vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 161434, March 3,
2004)
The United States vs. Simeon Guendia (G.R. No. L-12462, December 20, 1917)
The United States vs. Dionisio Santos (G.R. No. 12779, September 10, 1917)
The People of the Philippines Islands vs. Julio Pomar (G.R. No. L-22008, November 3, 1924)
In the Matter of the Allegations Contained in the Columns of Mr. Amada P. Macasaet Published
in Malaya (A.M. No. 07-09-13-SC, August 8, 2008)
People of the Philippines vs. Hon. Tirso D.C. Velasco (G.R. No. 127444, September 13, 2000)
Anastacio Laurel vs. Eriberto Misa (G.R. No. L-409, January 30, 1947)
Anastacio Laurel vs. Eriberto Misa (G.R. No. L-200, March 28, 1946)
Simona Manzanares vs. Rafael Moreta (G.R. No. L-12306, October 22, 1918)
Sunripe Coconut Products Co., Inc. vs. CIR and Sunshine Coconut Workers’ Union (G.R. No. L-
2009, April 30, 1949)

V. Civil Law: The Roman Jurists

a. Roman Law: All Codes Lead to Rome
b. Breaking the Code
c. Latin Maxims

Marcial Kasilag vs. Rafaela Rodriguez, et. al. (G.R. No. 46623, December 7, 1939)
Wayne Jain vs. The Intermediate Appellate Court of the People of the Philippines (G.R. No. L-
63129, September 29, 1984)

VI. Criminal Law and Family Law: The Christian Philosophers

 a. Aquinas on Crime and Punishment
b. Wojtyla’s Theology of the Body
c. Dovetailing Church and State

Leo Echegaray vs. Secretary of Justice, et. al. (G.R. No. 132601, January 19, 1999)
Leouel Santos vs. The Honorable Court of Appeals and Julia Rosario Bedia-Santos (G.R. No.
112019, January 4, 1995)
People of the Philippines vs. Teodoro Dela Cruz y Tojos, et. al. (G.R. No. L-52, February 21,
1946)

VII. Lex Mercatoria: From Custom to Law

Maria Carolina P. Araullo et. al. vs. Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III, et. al (G.R. No. 209287, July
1, 2014)
ABAKADA Guro Partylist, et. al. vs. Hon. Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita, et. al. (G.R. No.
168056, September 1, 2005)
The United States vs. Francisco Constantino Tan Quingco Chua (G.R. No. L-13708, January 29,
1919)
Philippine National Bank vs. The National City Bank of New York, et. al. (G.R. No. L-43596,
October 31, 1936)
Compagnie Franco-Indochinoise vs. Deutschautralische Dampschiffs Gesellschaft (G.R. No. L-
1395, January 17, 1919)

VIII. Remedial Law: The Empirical Philosophers

a. Bacon’s Inductive Jurisprudence
b. Exhuming the Evidence: Hume’s Presumptions and Probabilities

Maria Apiag, Teresita Cantero Securom and Glicerio Cantero vs. Judge Esmeraldo G. Cantero
(A.M. No. MTJ-95-1070, February 12, 1997)
Manuel Arianza vs. Workmen’s Compensation Commission and Central Azucarera De La
Carlota (G.R. No. L-43352, February 28, 1978)
Jaime O. Sevilla vs. Carmelita N. Cardenas (G.R. No. 167684, July 31, 2006)
Bayan Muna vs. Alberto Romulo (G.R. No. 159618, February 1, 2001)
Civil Service Commission vs. Allyson Belagan (G.R. No. 132164, October 19, 2004)
Rosendo Herrera vs. Rosendo Alba (G.R. No. 148220, June 15, 2005)

IX. Political Law: Reform, Revolution, and Resistance the Neo-Classical Philosophers
a. Machiavelli: The Breach and the Practice of Politics
b. Hobbes on Sovereign Immunity
c. Thomas More on Republicanism and the Family as the Basic Unity of Society
d. Unlocking Inalienable Rights
e. Rousing Man to be Free
f. The Mill of Happiness and Liberty
g. Civil Disobedience as a Duty
 Arturo M. Tolentino, et. al. vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 148334, January 21, 2004)
The Province of North Cotabato vs. The Government of the Republic oof the Philippines Peace
Panel on Ancestral Domain (G.R. Nos. 183591, 183572, 183893, and 183951, October 14,
2008)
Air Transportation Office vs. Spouses David Elisea Ramos (G.R. No. 159402, February 23, 2011)
Prof. Randolf S. David, et. al. vs. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, et. al. (G.R. No. 171396, May 3,
2006)

X. Labor Law: Socialism and Communism

Mateo De Ramas vs. The Court of Agrarian Relations and Geronimo B. Ramos (G.R. No. L-
19555, May 29, 1964)
The People of the Philippines vs. Jose Lava, et. al. (G.R. No. L-4974, May 16, 1969)
The People of the Philippines vs. Amado V. Hernandez, et. al. (G.R. No. L-6025, May 30, 1064)

XI. Everyone “In” Post-Modernism and the Future of Law

a. Feminism and Gender Law
b. Foucault on the “Other”
c. Going Green: Philosophy of Ecology
d. Star Wars and Space Law
e. Legal Tendencies

Imelda Romualdez-Marcos vs. COMELEC and Cirilo Roy Montejo (G.R. No. 119976, September
18, 1995)
Rizalina Oposa, et. al. vs. The Honorable Fulgencio S. Factoran, Jr., et. al. (G.R. No. 10183, July
30, 1993)
Ang Ladlad LGBT Party vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 190582, April 8, 2010)

XII. The “X” Factors of Philippine Legal Paradigm

Isagani Cruz vs. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources (G.R. no. 135385, December
6, 2000)
Office of the Court Administrator vs. Judge Florentino V. Floro, Jr. (A.M. No. RTJ-99-1460,
March 31, 2006)
James Imbong and Lovely-Ann Imbong vs. Hon. Paquito Ochoa, et. al. (G.R. No. 204819, April
8, 2014)