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Computer Graphics Module 1
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+ MopULE 4
i __ INTRODUCTION
° Geuphial sopresewtation of data
rn Gap Apical neprientation is a vikwod
_.Meplay of dala and stativtical petal
7 Tk is Ano effeckive than presenting dake
[im tabular for. _l
Exomaple: pie chav, baw chout ete,
© Computes Graplits _
Compu Gaaphict wom at of
Pictur, ines , chovts , ete ng nen
with he dlp of paoqowuing . Computer
Wied 1k made oh A numb - pixel,
reel 4 thé Swmalleet unt ot aw Fotue
(Basically Hone OHe two of opal
— Gaaphiy “am a
_ a, Intuactwe Comput Gsaplics
b, Nou - Interactive Compute rapid| classmat eS
- | active Conrpuler GHaplic
| “Tt twwolves o& tro WAY Ove miriaak
Lbetucen computer amd uber -tlese , ”
the ebemver id yew arr conlunl —
oven the i - HOV lum
| awit am input Faas r “4 z
Example: the vicleo goat Control ay
- dhe ping pong | _- =i
bh now inteuachive compute Gaapbicg
__C passive CQ) a
How, the user olwel wot howe _,
I kind of coutuol oven the aan
“tod Ui mene tHe product _of
state stored gra amd with work
acvonding fo the inductions Ven
the pitngram Hinroily , _ |
© Pixet
Prk A me Mf point ma apie _—
‘ - Graphics” amowilor cieplay pictur
by oiviol the Algp evn nto.
dhoutanae pixels, An _youd_-
amd columns , “The Levm pixel
be L| | classmate
eee 5
ia —_ sbvosut Fegan: foes prelue eloment,
0 [Resolution
| —_ Recoluution i the | number ot pixtla
{ wouloned wr a Maple ann oA,
erpased in tonm ef fas num be “of
pias on ihe honizontal arid ond he
numb, en thre vyential auld, Mat hatiputs
| of the Amage on a lisp splay ol
Tie setolutio€ amd oize_ ote Gatton .
The game pra nerolution nul be
Saaper en a small monn ous
| Wu Moe Harpur Om =
| auido at ne ean
_ of pines ose being epuad ub over a
{| banger Mun DEL af anche ,
© Arect Rotlo
he atpect malo of a Gue gbape
} ithe patio of he gize am differonk _
_— dinsaid fon ample , the aspect
| He poclan, ute satco of
i ih degen side to © i whonter side
ae OQ)
Y~s
—— classmate
7. Pag )
|
tue aalio of width to right .
a ie Me alin uU_ expreyed na teas
numbed se porrated. oy a colon. em
9 Video pigplay Devices
4. CRT C Cathode Ray Tube )
a ag
ft iE GE | ceo
—t | Seen
: we — PS eect
Chechen \ beam
Electuon omike a beam of electevor
digect” ib towands rpectfied position
the phatphomoug coated sour. when
the beam Milk tte cower , the
| plotphommus trie a emma eyo of| O ite SF )
| eo Se
pa
Lighk ak each. 044 HOW coutaeted by the
Bho, beam. P
[Because he big gw ted Ip jh poten
fader very i , some al 4 needed
fom anaintaining | the screen prcbyne , One
why to Keep “ the plefphor glowing is
bo Ardtaw the pichwe Sepeatedly “by
qpat haul the electuon bea
back “over the " fame powme .
the 4 component of an elechon
Ma CRT ane herkd metal ae
and a contol _artd , teat in supplied
fo the cathode _b dineehing aA cu08Te
tiv a wih of ink Aue
Plane bis cause ctor te be
ported off the rok cathode _xvoface.
“Ty the vane mele the CRT
the fret ati hanged pz
fa (aes oaoetinatel a qne
_ Presp womous soatlanh,.
I : wed b
“ulowaily of eam iy contvaled
esting voltage Levels ow contol onDW aie volta Lied ‘ |
F 0 ie ga a the ite
we ag ta pea pl eg va
comol oid . Amallun ue ri hoange
voltage Munsee the aoe 2}
Llectoont .
Toe focusing system focuser thre clepbiy
beam to a ha = on_ily
AAW 8 CREM.
D on system dink Ane elton
ac Om vertically to: om
pont. + OW
Prreistomee -
Pouigloue ih phe Hae to which te
pet pong im the crt. emit th
Tad mek eleetnon 4 paar e( Raston Seam Digplays eee
Laat ep login oer earn was liv
_£cam_dugp bated” on Aehovrg'on techwo
Im A Ket fea Slom_, Ane cect
Thin reno — her called Mou gee of
a inteaneity walter for Ol the sreen poi
towed mem“ Valuet ane ther -
rupuievid fom “the supeuth buh er
amd perused an He Prue one Ad
ak ow me.
Im iw black amd white sytem, cack
— foun pot wu ether eo on off +
One bit a Lietryud pind wv aa
do cowtupl the inten sty of AO||
—pasttion, A bit value of Oe Indicates
hak thee beam intensity in i
wud on ak thot posi bowt_and a
| value ef Roo mdicate stot +e
"bem amtensity 2 fo be off
Ou a black and white system with
One lik por _ptel, atu fame Anu fio
Be UU altel age aay) tla | ula
UI urth, aultiole bike pen pixel, Ahee From
buff 4 caked pieaap, Hl
At te: ond oh mech kcwn Line, the
beam netuwnd tp Hap tide
the __ Seren dp begin dig the
it AteIn aandewm beam dren _ dhe e7 beam
—%& dined only te ate" past of ae
beau woluke a picture UU fo be drawn.
Pid. _delwition stowed of 9 0k of
fine _Anawing commands an an ara
A arary Aehowud fy at aefregr Aityle
file om — refrerhy Woullen. To Anplay & apeat fied
- i pituve, ttre dyson Mevough he get.
tow mands im Ae Bingley, ike, Araroring
Gadd covngovunnk Lint « Alter al “ine Armaan
— neem proceed 1 MOE _gayaten
= cytes vack fo My (rat Aine Command
An Abe ik Random san _Aystows asedatqgnch im fot drauning sppations
Sn aandom town susie, piclune Apt: hin
iM tomed at a bot of Vine dnasiog
——tmdtauctions _ovnd mere oA ow bo !
a
—trdowrty values Son att SALW poing
| Wa — Ape st. Aiwplaye produce, rwabott
Aine -Akouainns dnceaibe the (RT eam,
ai
nul food tre Aine path. A Hat
—___ £camTag eae
[Ae Hak panel dirplays subeos ta cles
__eanisive digplays
— 24 video devices tat Arave seduce
Melume , viel amd prow pequooments
— MA compatixon £0 CRT me Un han
Av On walls of wean them ow
Cun —_draads. Used of Jar panel cligplays —
mdude Calewlatout Video games , wow toy
Aagrey vompuluu ete. tue Sat panel displ
U_divided Anke 4wro cakego nied ane 7
. Emisive Oy M ales
alone dtcqayg =
~ lane krona Cn AbAve Mela aXe Arwices
Athak — copwenk — ehoetnical eupy unto Light
Example: LEDC hi Emitting Poole), plasma
| panes ct els \uminonscons
—_| Moparts ,—_|Mex Giive Diggyg
The ann _towincive— digg
—__Ksanglt: LOD C Vqui Couphel Diag)
—— Placa pom
|
—I| classmate
|
Tia film elec Waninetonnk abigpays
| AW im vero Wwwedeemk — diinplays
ane Gwin An conducted to ov plasm
Powel. We Alf oence te shark the v
| aekweem Aine ahaas plates id YiVled via
a _plopwot Aah in zine ae
doped vith nie _ivttead of a
— Bos, wb a tad cAemhy vol
Epi te a van cawthing ec mn
the poepon, eet Ai conduatod Ww
Kae avon of mtenseetion of two elecbrdel.
_Elechial _onesgy i abon Aly Sosvoedl by
AUDA G ONE LE akoms wich +hen neleage
Hee trwegy 0k & spot a _Liaths .
Ligh Enaithing Aiodes CLED)
Ha ns
Wns vl kmissive oWep\ay devi
bit city UodAesC LED), AW wmabix sf
diodes Lo fom Abe pixel -
portions Ww Ane Mey) 1 picture Achwition
Lis. ecnah ea oo gui Youffer and ob
levela Atat ave
LK comvented to vo\Lage
applied to re Mode “te produce he _classinate
—tlassina
Mig pathound Ww Abe Aig.
Liga Coda display CUCD)
co tal Aigplys CLD) abe ten
) -Ligald cgi i tet wah 7
and 0. —
ira ie So it
tous aw vice oy ie ee
rs a minal __ liad sowuee “yin
a —Mayaid _cruytod eT
aa
Guid Cd adepiany ove ee ane
ak puoduue ao _pfckuot_
polasiz.cd Mgr bom ie _fagroumdi ind
ot hem aaa daadegovial” ii wo
Ca Maid - caged watou
wo Are
ial
“LoD Use apt Ale Jind - coysta usta
ca ete
| plac liquid be 4s Yilted
—f oeasnanged wm veleal Ainection . prota
quis “plate comsizting wf ow af
Condutort as, ir roti zomtal
- didection Ake pi poron % datermined
by +e _imtenection < to Werizouted
awd vOtial couduetom . 4s position u
an achive posit w the deren
Output paaiiver -
A computer Groplies can le Barnett ty
Uke beatitr 4 » Aways" ov annus
= ee ae
ah Aree Compulin Arar ws OME ae
vp oh he oy oage _compowems _ of
Compuler. alapiiel _ ANaph ae cried output
pia le , ; :
te Prinnatinves aw che Ample mol.
funclovs thad are used to pfrnte venta
{ uty, ied i by te user.
“coal” Ca ha prinktives on
pink octvion C pia) , dud ov eral ine,classmate
a alilae 1 tous
Line drauulny, ado Vann
= Awan u_accomplithed leita
TL pomihiows ig ee -
aie ut _oduuicn 4 apes a ae
ful tat tae poaond oekwtee
poi , _
Aigowitinna yital aleaaadind
Laila —— of
qe DA i a dca a es
wit Aoted ew cal wr
ar Ay. We Aoanphe tee tial a
sesogon aula meaner 40 Wi
th Th ont offen coordinate ,
Laat : v
A | “Line
Aor a ghrah
a mtth, whww ww! io He slope
é ae
| Ky -,J Ty Ate slope uu kU Ahan 9d egal Se
One We kamaple at nik interval
avd comput dah — ducermive y value at
{ “kt = Yu +Wwe
J) a atte i aritalen than mt me.
cea wunity utovats ond calla
eh kee on Salon as,
a iy et |
WwExon ple: - ___
Sam covet a pe alin
(3,2) oma (4,4). — |
hat, = 4-3 =| et
4 Yo-Yy = 4-2 =5 a i eS
As abs Ciena hey abs Cy2- 4) 4
Seps = Yo-Hi = 4-2 =B, 7
Cl we wun = An = Ar- A = 1 2
eps Sheps 3 .
Yineuwnk = ay _ Ya-4) = B=
Sept sept2.6 (36,26) (30
23.5 (34,35) 03,3)
A (3.4,46) 034)
BT CU 85) C45
65 (43,656) C4, 6)
4.5 (C45, 4:5) 04,4)() dete
Ca
Q
Bredenhamn» Une draning alton,
peutonan’s — Dine otavving alyosutiom —y
— anotiun 4m
sean Lowoyion ayer
Sep 1s Typut the wo end pointe 4 Line, tn
| Step u:
Hept: Plot the poink (0, Yo)
bie: Calculate the Condlamhs de, dy, 2dy ,
Me Aft ed peit tm _ (%o, 4, ) a
2dy-2de dud get tre frost value fet
dani tion — poxarnoten a4 ean
Po = 2dy- dx
At tac % ~~ alova he Live dantivg
ak k=0, perform "Hoe following toh
if CPeeOo), He mor oink tt» prot ¥
CHK YD fd Pear Pet rey
Otherwise the rot port tr plot _u
Ce Peay = e-Bay ~ Bebe
soO =)
pep 5il Repeat alepA de -| Hime,
/ Exonnple 1
ba ul —
. asd oat VM €2,2) amd ending point
lucewt ee
dus 4-2 25 - a
Lay -da = ue ==
Qdy —2dx =A-10 = -G
“Then, we need to 4nd fe for the decond
point sf dhe Line. :
“Po = Qdy- da = -I : -
% <0 ==
serond plot iu 63,2) _
yon we mod to did to 2 Lotti
ihe Ad pola a Ane, tee fgclassinate
Date _
dee —
B= -144 =3 Se ee
p, 70, next point u C43) ee
Pa = 3t4¥-l0 =-3 : fe 3
Po <0 nok poind \@ =
t <_—_— : —
| = -Bar4 =) _ Ht
teehee. Luk poink uC bu)
|e = 144 -—lo = =5" 7
“PyLo noe point iu Cd)7 Page a
—Cince Genading Algonitomn. Li JL
|
—
(A cibiele ic Aehined a4 the kek cf poiwle
thet __aKe aU ak a qiven _ en
A _Conkew position ae
“Tid pond Chche _ Algonittown
Aa the Ale duawing Lorton, we
_ downple ak unk Avtenvals 1 oldomine
the pines position ho tine specified. cyl
—fpatte PA a givin wadivs F aud Solon
takin postion (Hey Ye), we ee
_ Sup ow. adyonidtana fo aloo piacl
j petted aiound a onte gare Centred
Ahe copa dunnake ofgin. Cigo2._ Mep £2 Sowpud— nadiud dnd ciple Comber (%,4.
= and obdain Ate fiat _ pole
eae contined are oe “oii a
Oe, Yo) = CO,7 —
8
os
ep 2s alaulate Abe Anitind value sh dovirion
paranmneton, aos herp lacs pe ct
Po = S/y —% ont AW, toni —
| biep 3: Mah te position, stenting, “ak k20,
pertorm the following ert.
fC Pe
7
+ Debing the \poumdany valet sk the polygon.
neck i Ae currenk — ged poink t vf, the
Acfault volowe Aun arpeat the eps 4
amd 5 ti the vowndary piace vende
Chamae Ane cefalt calok avait tre fi
Color ak stu £eed poimt =
Suepinl ( seedx, teed y) , foot
‘ heccrreing Ricunivi follow Ae procedure
Mt fou, nein owning qotnde,
Wood ill C Seed x-1, 420d 9p fooler, Acolor)
Hood C seed x41, dead yy feolor , duoloe)
dood {Ul C Le0d X, heed y-l, foolat , dwt)
ood ( sedd x, seed ytl, Frolor, oleolor) _
Eni7 “ght “Cougatadd Pol.
J Alda decluniquee » ight ounectod
pixels ate uted We ane putt stig ah
above, below , Aight ,Anft , aide
pixel ag doing am _ 4 Counected pirn
Im addipon "ho ats We We glo
- _qutting pia Aw Ai &0_ thot ontiy
= ane. ong _currrey tpi U_ covered,
fd. a boundary Atle —aitsaat calor,
Be
Algoritt we
Hep 1: Suialice ue value of deed point Cseed%
Seedy), Aeoloe , Avodot .
Hep 2 Deline the boundary values xf thre polyg?"
Hep, neck ik Ae geod point of dale
on When fepeat dep 4 awd 5H!
i | ——classmate
——e »\
a a)
boundary i pices seached .
fe ee color with the JV colot
as , por + : ale
beps, Re curvively 4vdlow Ate proce ouure, auth four
meigihouring —spoinyy. 7
Yood Fill ( Leed x -1, Seed 4 feolor ,alcolot )
flood {UC Keed x41, Seed y, feolor, Acolot)
_ Hood fou C seed %,heedy-l, fooler, olrolos )
flood fil C teed x, geed yl) fooler, deol)
Hood LU C Seed x-1, bed y tl, feolat, olvolot) _
WU Céced +1, Sodus), feolia, Acoloa>d
fod ll C ed xt1, Seed yl, feoloM, olvolox)
Hoch C seed -1, 4eed-y-l, ftolo, oleolor)
Hep s; Engh ‘ »
=ee — een —
— hal tegen filling 7 re
Wing adgonithin un
}—— Sat ere betwen
: ee
/ pas of Intoceeliows - qellowing
Theat dupick ‘dow Hn aAnon tiv ur
Hep 4: Find oak the f Yoin. ad mame from
To free” tg2 Scent fnndaniteld nusitty crcl cyt of tne
7 ‘Blan from Win ko Ymar. Name each
: OWE > a4 the’ yo Ae mae
s oe ahove shears
: mA ce Se ama p3
_ Steps: I utecnasbin “point Aloudd be aa _in ine
hereoy orden vf X coomdinat
Ahad PO; pd ipl, p% amd pr, p3.
Hepa: Fil a tie palt-dpuconnindle tak ane
ald An co ee abtermale
paid,“ altaata Soak abla : __ se
ning
on. Compuler Crrmphitd, th
sen oil rite. ol
_gmaode Cue
Iu sur keueen Lune ik
m cas hike A
abn - Slop, this effeck ia _bewown ad ising
aajutig aig et Caw be padusta_by
ra af dee pile a
Hine. The punwess of siti el
at He pile wainin
; p adous, the ine iain
ailing f alias ng iu © ed |