RECTANGULAR SECTION CHECK

Package:
Bridge name:
Item: Pilecap

1. MATERIAL
1.1. Concrete
Concrete Unit Weight gc = 24.5 kN/m3
Compressive Strength of concrete at 28 days f'c = 35 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity Ec = 31799 MPa
1.2. Reinforcement Reinf . Standart: 1
Yield strength fy = 420 MPa
Modulus of elasticity Es = 200000 MPa
Reinforcing bar Area
Diameter 10 13 16 19 22 25 29 32
(mm2) 71 127 198 285 388 507 641 792
n's, D's
a
d's A's•fy
nv,Dv 0.85•f'c•a•b

d3
h ds

As•fy
d2
d1
ns, Ds

b
2. CALCULATION
2.1. Resistance Factor
Resistance factor for Flexure: jm = 0.9
Resistance factor for Shear: jv = 0.9
2.2. Flexural
2.2.1. Flexural resistance
The factored resistance, Mr, shall be taken as: Mr = jmMn
The normal flexural resistance, Mn, shall be taken as:
 a  a
M n  A s f y  d s    A ' s f y  d' s  if a  2 d' s
 2  2
 a
Mn  A s fy  ds   if a  2 d' s
 2
where: As : Area of tension reinforcement
ds : Distance from extreme compression fiber to the centroid of tensile reinforcement
A's : Area of cpmpression reinforcement
d's : Distance from extreme compression fiber to the centroid of compression reinforcement
a = b 1c : depth of the equivalent stress block
b1 : Stress block factor
c : Distance between the neutral axis and the compressive face

A s fy  A 's fy
c  for Include compressive reinf. into Section Capacity
0 . 85 f ' c b 1b
A s fy
c  for Exclude compressive reinf. into Section Capacity
0 . 85 f ' c b 1b

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 2.2.2. Limits for Reinforcement
Maximum Reinforcement
c
The maximum amount reinforcement shall be such that:  0 . 42
de
for which:
de = ds : Effective depth from the extreme compression fiber to the centroid of the tensile
for in the tensile reinforcement.
Minimum Reinforcement
The amount of tensile reinforcement shall be adequate to develop a factorad flexural resistance, Mr, at least equal to
the lesser of:
• 1.2 times the cracking moment, Mcr, determined on the basis of elastic stress distribution and the modulus
of rupture, fr, of the concrete;
• 1.33 times the factored moment.
Cracking moment, Mcr, may be taken as: Mcr = Sc fr
where: Sc : Section modulus of gross section
fr : Modulus of rupture. For normal density concrete: fr  0 . 63 f ' c
Control of cracking by distribution of reinforcement
Components shall be so proportioned that the tensile stress in the mild steel reinforcement at the service limit state
does not exceed fsa, determined as: Z
f  sa  0 .6 f y
( d c A )1 / 3

where: dc : Depth of concrete measured form extreme tension fiber to center of bar closest thereto.
The thickness of clear cover used to compute dc shall not be taken to be greater than 50mm.
A : Area of concrete having same centroid as the principal tensile reinforcement and bounded by the
surfaces of the cross-section and a straight line parallel to the neutral axis, divided by the number
of bars. The thickness of clear concrete cover used to compute A shall not be taken to be greater
than 50mm.
Z : Crack width parameter.
= 30000 N/mm for members in moderate exposure conditions.
= 23000 N/mm for members in severe exporure conditions
= 17500 N/mm for buried structures
Ms
The tensile stress in the mild steel reinforcement at the service limit state determined as: fs 
A s jd s
where: Ms : Moment at the service limit
j = (1-k/3)
k  m  m 2  2m
nA s
m
bd s

n = Es/Ec = 6.290
2.3. Shear
2.3.1. Regions requiring transverse reinforcement
Excep for slabs, footings, and culverts, transverse reinforcement shall be provided where: Vu > 0.5jvVc
where: Vu : Factored shear force
Vc : Nominal shear resistance of concrete
2.3.2. Minimum transverse reinforcement
b s
The area of transverse reinforcement shall not be less than: A v min  0 .083 f ' c v
fy
where:
Avmin : Area of a transverse reinforcement within distance "s"
s : Spacing of transverse reinforcement
bv = b
2.3.3. Maximum spacing of transverse reinforcement
The spacing of the transverse reinforcement shall not exceed the following:
• If vu < 0.125f'c, then: s  0.8dv  600mm
• If vu  0.125f'c, then: s  0.4dv  300mm
where: dv : Effective shear depth; it need not be taken to be less than the greater of 0.9de of 0.72h
vu : Shear stress

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 2.3.4. Norminal shear resistance
The norminal shear resistance, Vn, shall be determined as the lesser of:
Vn1 = Vc + Vs
Vn2 = 0.25f'cbvdv
for which:
A v f y d v (cot g q  cot g a ) sin a
V c  0 . 083 b f ' c b v d v and Vs 
s
where:
b : Factor indicating ability of diagonally crackes concrete to transmit tension
q : Angle of inclination of diagonal compressive stresses
a : Angle of inclination of transverse reinforcement to longitudinal axis
Determination of b and q:
Vu
• The shear stress on the concrete shall be determined as: vu 
v jb d
v

• The strain in the reinforcement on the flexural tension side of the member shall be determined as:
If the section contains at least the minumum transverse reinforcement:
Mu
 0 . 5N u  0 . 5 Vu cot g q
dv
e x1   0 . 001
2E s A s
If the section contains less than the minimum transverse reinforcement:
Mu
 0 . 5N u  0 . 5 Vu cot g q
d
e x2  v  0 . 002
EsA s
If the value of ex is negative, the strain shall be taken as:
Mu
 0 . 5N u  0 . 5 Vu cot g q
d
e x3  v
2 (E c A c  E s A s )
where: Ac : Area of concrete on the flexural tension side
35
• The crack spacing parameter sxe shall be determined as: s xe  s x  2000 mm
a g  16
where: ag : Maximum aggregate size
sx = min(dv,maximum distance between layers of long. crack control Reinf.)

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 ITEMS Unit A-A B-B C-C D-D E-E
DIMENSIONS:
h mm 1630 1630 1630 1630 1630
b mm 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000
d1 mm 85 85 85 85 85
d2 mm 100 100 100 100 100
d3 mm 1379 1379 1379 1379 1379
ds mm 1495 1495 1495 1495 1495
d's mm 66 66 66 66 66
REINFORCEMENT:
Tension Reinforcement
• Diameter Ds mm 32 32 32 32 32
• Number ns bars 24 24 24 24 24
As 2
• Area mm 19008 19008 19008 19008 19008
• Spacing ss mm 125 125 125 125 125
Compression Reinforcement
• Diameter D's mm 22 22 22 22 22
• Number n's bars 12 12 12 12 12
• Area A's mm2 4656 4656 4656 4656 4656
• Spacing s's mm 125 125 125 125 125
Transverse Reinforcement
• Diameter Dv mm 16 16 16 16 16
• Number nv bars 6 6 6 6 6
• Area Av mm2 1188 1188 1188 1188 1188
• Spacing sv mm 150 150 150 150 150
a deg. 90 90 90 90 90
Long. Crack control Reinf.
• Diameter DL mm 16 16 16 16 16
AL 2
• Area mm 396 396 396 396 396
• Spacing sL mm 150 150 150 150 150
LOAD:
Mu KNm 6026 6026 6026 6026 6026
Ms KNm 4017 4017 4017 4017 4017
Vu KN 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Nu KN - - - - -
FLEXURAL
Flexural Resistance
b1 0.800 0.800 0.800 0.800 0.800
"1"="Include", "2"="Exclude" Comp. Reinf. 2 2 2 2 2
c mm 168 168 168 168 168
a mm 134 134 134 134 134
Check Include Include Include Include Include
Mn KNm 11402 11402 11402 11402 11402
Mr KNm 10262 10262 10262 10262 10262
Check OK OK OK OK OK
Maximum Reinforcement:
de mm 1495 1495 1495 1495 1495
c/de 0.112 0.112 0.112 0.112 0.112
Check OK OK OK OK OK
Minimum Reinforcement:
Sc mm3 8.86E+08 8.86E+08 8.86E+08 8.86E+08 8.86E+08
fr Mpa 3.73 3.73 3.73 3.73 3.73
Mcr KNm 3301 3301 3301 3301 3301
1.2Mcr KNm 3961 3961 3961 3961 3961
1.33Mu KNm 8015 8015 8015 8015 8015
Min (1.2M cr , 1.33M u ) KNm 3961 3961 3961 3961 3961
Check OK OK OK OK OK
ITEMS Unit A-A B-B C-C D-D E-E
Control of cracking by distribution of reinforcement:

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 n 6.29 6.29 6.29 6.29 6.29
m 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
k 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
j 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92
fs Mpa 154 154 154 154 154
dc mm 132 132 132 132 132
A mm2 22000 22000 22000 22000 22000
Z N/mm 30000 30000 30000 30000 30000
f sa Mpa 210 210 210 210 210
0.6f y Mpa 252 252 252 252 252
Check OK OK OK OK OK
SHEAR RESISTANCE
Regions requiring transverse reinforcement
dv mm 1346 1346 1346 1346 1346
bv mm 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000
Check no Need no Need no Need no Need no Need
Minimum transverse reinforcement
Avmin mm2 - - - - -
Check - - - - -
Maximum spacing of transverse reinforcement
vu Mpa 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41
0.125f'c Mpa 4.38 4.38 4.38 4.38 4.38
smax mm - - - - -
Check - - - - -
Norminal shear resistance
Suppose vulue of q q deg. 45 45 45 45 45
ex1 0.00065 0.00065 0.00065 0.00065 0.00065
ex2 0.00131 0.00131 0.00131 0.00131 0.00131
ex3 0.00009 0.00009 0.00009 0.00009 0.00009
Choice ex 0.00131 0.00131 0.00131 0.00131 0.00131
Check OK OK OK OK OK
vu/f'c 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012
1000ex 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31
ag mm 25 25 25 25 25
sx mm 150 150 150 150 150
For no need Trans.
sxe mm 128 128 128 128 128
Reinf. or Av < Avmin
0.003bv*sx mm2 900 900 900 900 900
Check not OK not OK not OK not OK not OK
q deg. 45 45 45 45 45
b 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Vc KN 2643 2643 2643 2643 2643
Vs KN 4476 4476 4476 4476 4476
V n1 KN 7118 7118 7118 7118 7118
V n2 KN 23546 23546 23546 23546 23546
Vn KN 7118 7118 7118 7118 7118
Vr KN 6407 6407 6407 6407 6407
Check OK OK OK OK OK

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