Worksheets

Geography
Chapter-1

Worksheet
A. Answer the following in one or few words.
1. A big ball of burning gases which produces its own heat and light
2. The name of our galazy
3. The star that lies directly above North Pole
4. Smaller heavenly bodies that move around the planets
5. The unburnt part of a meteor that falls on the Earth
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Group of stars forming a definite pattern is called a galaxy.
2. The family of the Sun comprises eight planets and around 150 satellites.
3. The only natural satellite of the Earth is the Moon.
4. Galaxies can be viewed with the help of telescopes.
5. Stars exit in clusters, and over a vast space.
C. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. Define the term solar.
2. Which is the second planet from the Sun?
3. What is the name given to larger asteroids?
4. What are comets?
5. When was the Halley’s comet last seen?
D. Answer the following questions in your own words.
1. Why is the Earth called a unique planet?
2. Write a short note on the Solar System.
3. Distinguish between stars and planets.
4. What are shooting stars? Explain.
5. Write a few characteristics of the Moon? How far is it from the Earth?
Activity Time
1. Given below are the pictures of two famous astronauts. Find out more about them.

2. Prepare a model of the solar system.

Search answers of these questions.
• Neil Armstrong was the first man to land on the Moon. To which country did he belong?
• What is the full form of NASA?
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 Answer Key to the Worksheet
A. 1. Star 2. Milky way 3. Pole star 4. Satellites 5. Meteorite
B. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. T
C. 1. The word solar is derived from a Latin word meaning Sun.
2. Venus is the second planet from the Sun.
3. Larger asteroids are called Planetoids.
4. A comet is an icy body which releases gas or dust.
5. It was last seen in the year 1986.
D. 1. Earth is unique because among all planets it is the only planet that has breathable atmosphere, water and
supports life.
2. The Sun lies at the centre of the solar system and the eight planets revolve around it in fixed elliptical
paths known as orbits. The Sun’s gravitational pull attracts all the other heavenly bodies in the solar system
towards itself and keeps the planets orbiting around it.
3. Stars have their own heat and light while planets do not have their own light. Stars are bigger in size while,
planets are smaller in size.
4. Once a meteoroid enters the Earth’s atmosphere, it starts burning. These burning pieces cause a flash of
light which look like shooting stars or meteors.
5. The Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth. It is about 384,400 km away from the Earth. The diameter
of the Moon is about one-fourth of the Earth’s diameter. It is the brightest object in the night sky.

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 Geography
Chapter-2

Worksheet
A. Answer the following in one or few words.
1. The imaginary line that divides the globe into northern and southern hemisphere
2. Set of lines criss-crossing each other at right angles to form a checkered pattern on the globe
3. The time recorded at the Prime Meridian
4. The Latitude at 23½° S
5. The 0° longitude
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. The GMT is calculated at 0° meridian passing through Greenwich town near London.
2. The Indian Standard Time is ahead of GMT by 4½ hrs.
3. The Tropic of Capricorn is at 23½° S.
4. The hottest zone of the world is known as the Frigid Zone.
5. The Standard Meridian of India passes through Allahabad.
6. The Great Circle divides the Earth into two unequal halves.
C. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. How many parallels are there in each hemisphere?
2. How many time zones are there in the world?
3. State the extent of the Temperate zone.
4. What is the IST?
5. What is a Grid system?
6. How many meridians of longitude are there in all?
D. Answer the following questions in your own words.
1. Why are latitudes important to us?
2. What is the difference between GMT and local time?
3. What is the need to have a standard time for India?
4. Distinguish between a latitude and a longitude.
5. Why are longitudes useful to us?
Activity Time
On a physical map of the world locate and label the extent of the various heat zones of the world.
Search answers of the following questions.
• Why is the parallel at 90° N a mere dot?
• 180° E and 180° W falls on the same line. Explain.
• Find out the states of India through which the Tropic of Cancer passes.
• State the latitudinal and the longitudinal extent of India.

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 Answer Key to the Worksheet
A. 1. Equator 2. Grid System 3. GMT 4. Tropic of Capricorn 5. Prime meridian
B. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. F
C. 1. There are 90 parallels in each hemisphere.
2. There are 24 times zones in the world.
3. It lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn and
Antarctic Circle in the south.
4. IST or Indian Standard Time is the time followed all over India.
5. The numerous lines running all around the globe, vertically as well as horizontally form a checkered pattern
called the Grid system.
6. There are 360 meridians in all.
D. 1. They help us locate places on the Earth and in navigation, they help us to understand differences in weather
and climate.
2. GMT is the time measured at 0° longitude, passing through the Royal Observatory near London. Local time
is measured with respect to GMT, based on the longitudinal differences of the places.
3. India has a vast longitudinal extent and this leads to lot of time differences between the western-most and
eastern-most extremes. To avoid this confusion India needs a Standard Meridian.
4. The latitude of a place is the angular distance of that place north or south of the equator measured in
degrees, minutes and seconds from the centre of the Earth. Meridians of longitude are the vertical imaginary
lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole. They join all the places lying on the same longitude
and are measured in degrees, minutes and seconds.
5. Longitudes with the latitudes give us exact location of places and help in finding the local time.

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 Geography
Chapter-3

Worksheet
A. Answer the following in one or few words.
1. The imaginary line joining the North Pole and the South Pole passing through the centre of the Earth
2. The spinning of the Earth on its own axis in 24 hours
3. Days experiencing equal night and equal day throughout the world
4. Circle which separates day and night
5. The tilting of the Earth’s axis
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Revolution results in the formation of day and night.
2. The Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle of 66½° from the Earth’s orbit around the Sun.
3. Solstice refers to equal days and nights.
4. Leap year occurs after every 4 years.
5. Spring equinox occurs on 22nd December.
C. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. What is a Summer Solstice?
2. What is a leap year?
3. What is an equinox?
4. What do you mean by revolution?
5. Which are the days when sun’s rays are vertical on the equator?
6. What is an Axis?
D. Answer the following questions in your own words.
1. What are the two types of movements that planets experience?
2. What happens on winter solstice?
3. What are the effects of the inclination of the Earth’s axis?
4. What are the effects of rotation?
5. What is the effect of revolution?
Activity Time
Search answers of the following questions.
• Why is an extra day added to the month of February in a leap year?
• Why does India experiences both tropical and sub-tropical climate?
• Why does the Equator experience hot weather throughout the year?
• What would happen if the Earth’s axis was vertical?

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 Answer Key to the Worksheet
A. 1. Axis 2. Rotation 3. Equinoxes 4. Circle of Illumination 5. Inclination
B. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F
C. 1. During Summer solstice (21st June) the North Pole is inclined towards the Sun. Northern Hemisphere enjoys
summer season, while the southern hemisphere faces winter season.
2. An extra day added to the calendar every 4 years forms a leap year.
3. Equinox is a Latin word meaning equal days and nights.
4. The movement of the Earth around the Sun on an elliptical orbit in 365¼ days is called Revolution.
5. On 21st of March and 23rd of September.
6. The imaginary line that passes through the centre of the Earth, about which the Earth spins is known as
axis.
D. 1. All planets experience two types of movements.
• Spinning on its own axis
• Movement around the sun in an orbital plane
2. On winter solstice, the Tropic of Capricorn receives vertical sunrays. Thus the southern hemisphere has the
longest day and the shortest night. Meanwhile in the northern hemisphere, people experience the shortest
day and the longest night.
3. The tilt or inclination of the Earth’s axis causes variation in the length of days and nights. Due to this
inclination, the northern hemisphere remains inclined towards the Sun for half of the year and the southern
hemisphere during the other half.
4. The effects of the Rotation of Earth are:
(i) The sun rises in the east and sets in the west due to Earth’s rotation in an anti-clockwise direction.
(ii) Day and night are caused by rotation of Earth.
(iii) Wind and Ocean currents get deflected.
(iv) It causes flattening of the pole and bulging of the equator.
5. Unequal days and nights and changing seasons are the effects of Revolution.

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 Geography
Chapter-4

Worksheet
A. Answer the following in one or few words.
1. A map showing relief or natural features of the Earth’s surface
2. The component of map used for measuring distance between two places
3. A rough drawing usually made without measuring the actual distance on the ground
4. Collection of maps bound in a book
5. The shape of the Earth
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Maps are more useful than globes.
2. Maps are not drawn to scale.
3. A plan is an accurate map of small area.
4. Cartography deals with the art of painting.
5. Large areas like continents can be represented on paper with the help of a large scale map.
C. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. What does a map represent?
2. What is the science of map making known as?
3. Name the cardinal directions.
4. What are the three components of a map?
5. Which instrument helps us find directions?
D. Answer the following questions in your own words.
1. What is the difference between a map and a globe?
2. What are the uses of conventional symbols?
3. Why are sketches useful?
4. What is a plan?
5. What is a thermatic map?
Activity Time
Prepare a plan of the house you live in, depicting the details of its interior.

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 Answer Key to the Worksheet
A. 1. Physical Map 2. Scale 3. Sketch 4. Atlas 5. Geoid
B. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F
C. 1. A map represents features on the surface of the Earth.
2. It is known as cartography.
3. North, South, East and West are called the cardinal directions
4. The three components of a map are:
(a) Symbols
(b) Directions
(c) Scale
5. Magnetic Compass helps us find directions
D. 1. Map is a representation of Earth on paper while globe is a representation of Earth on a three dimensional
body. Globes are heavy and do not contain minute details. Maps are accurate and easy to carry.
2. Symbols represent information on a map in form of marks, signs or characters. They can represent both
natural and man-made features on Earth. They are helpful in locating places in a country where you may
not know the native language.
3. Sketch helps us show details of small area. It is a rough drawing and easy to make.
4. A plan is a drawing which is used to show layout of buildings, houses, hospitals, classrooms, etc. It represents
a very small area on a large scale.
5. Thematic maps are based on some theme or specific information like rainfall, temperature, railways, crops,
minerals, forests, air routes, etc.

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 Geography
Chapter-5

Worksheet
A. Answer the following in one or few words.
1. A continent lying completely in the northern hemisphere
2. Portion of the Earth’s surface made up of rocks, minerals and soil
3. The world’s biggest desert
4. Smallest continent in the world
5. The coldest layer of the atmosphere
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Oceans are home to many aquatic animals and plants.
2. Oxygen makes up around 78% of the total atmosphere.
3. The domain of the Earth made up of water is called hydrosphere.
4. There are five oceans in all in the world.
5. Arctic Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean.
C. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. Which layer of the atmosphere contains Ozone?
2. Which water body connects Arctic Ocean to Pacific Ocean?
3. Which two landmasses does the Isthmus of Panama connect?
4. What is the thin layer of air surrounding the Earth known as?
5. Which gas supports life on Earth?
D. Answer the following questions in your own words.
1. Write a short note on the structure of the atmosphere.
2. Differentiate between atmosphere and hydrosphere.
3. Where is the Southern Ocean?
4. What are sial and sima?
5. Discuss in brief about the smallest continent of the world.
Activity Time
Search answers of the following questions.
• Antarctica is frozen throughout the year. Why?
• Depletion of the Ozone layer is responsible for global warming. Discuss.
• Human interference is harming our environment beyond repair. Discuss.

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 Answer Key to the Worksheet
A. 1. Europe 2. Lithosphere 3. Sahara 4. Australia 5. Mesosphere
B. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
C. 1. Stratosphere contains the ozone layer.
2. The Bering Strait connects Arctic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
3. It links North America and South America.
4. It is known as atmosphere.
5. Oxygen supports life on Earth.
D. 1. It can be divided into five layers—troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
• Troposphere is the lowest layer of atmosphere where all the weather activities take place. It stretches
about 18 km above the equator and 8 km above the poles. Almost 90% of the total air is contained in
this layer. Water vapour and dust particles are found only in the troposphere.
• Stratosphere contains the ozone layer which absorbs the harmful rays of the Sun and prevents them
from entering the Earth’s surface.
• Mesosphere is the layer in which most of the meteors burn up. With increasing altitude, the temperature
decreases in this layer.
• Thermosphere is an extremely hot layer due to the presence of hot and dense gases.
• Exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth. Beyond this layer, the atmosphere merges into space.
2. The blanket of air surrounding the Earth’s surface is called atmosphere while the area of Earth covered by
water is known as hydrosphere.
3. The Southern Ocean, or the Antarctic Ocean, surrounds the continent of Antarctica. The Pacific, Atlantic and
Indian Oceans merge into it.
4. Sial is the upper layer of the crust and is rich in silica and aluminium. The lower layer of the crust, called
sima, is rich in silica and magnesium.
5. Australia is an island country and the smallest continent the world. It is located entirely in the Southern
hemisphere. The world’s largest coral reef, the Great Barrier Reef, is found here.

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 Geography
Chapter-6

Worksheet
A. Answer the following in one or few words.
1. The only large river in Thar Desert
2. An area surrounded by water on all three sides
3. The southern part of eastern coastal plain
4. The youngest fold mountains of India
5. The island groups lying in the Bay of Bengal
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. India has 28 States and 6 Union Territories.
2. Places where a river falls into the sea is known as its source.
3. India is a subcontinent.
4. Karakoram pass lies in Himadri.
5. The longitudinal extent of India is about 15°.
C. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1. What is the location of the Thar desert.
2. Name a newly formed state of India.
3. Which water body separates India from Sri Lanka?
4. Which is the world’s largest delta?
5. India is situated in which hemisphere?
6. What is India’s rank in the world as per its population?
D. Answer the following questions in your own words.
1. Discuss the extent of the Indian subcontinent.
2. What is the name of the only active volcano in India and where is it located?
3. Name a few crops grown in the Ganga plains.
4. Write a short note on the Peninsular Plateau.
5. What are the major divisions of the Himalayas?
Activity Time
Prepare a presentation on the islands of India under the following headings:
1. People
2. Food and Clothing
3. Occupation
Search answers of the following questions.
• “Landslides are common in the Himalayas”. Give reasons.
• Northern Plains are also popularly known as the Granaries of India. Why?
• Why does India experience wide climatic varieties between North and South?
• The physical features of India provides wide cultural diversity. Give reasons.

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 Answer Key to the Worksheet

A. 1. Luni 2. Peninsula 3. Coromondal Coast 4. Himalayas 5. Andaman and Nicobar

B. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F
C. 1. Thar desert is located at the westernmost margin of India.
2. Jharkhand (Learners can mention any other state)
3. The Palk Strait separates India from Sri Lanka.
4. The Sunderban delta is the world’s longest delta.
5. It is situated in the northern and eastern hemispheres.
6. India’s world rank is second after China as per its population.
D. 1. 8°4’ N latitude to 37°6’ N latitude and 68°7’ E longitude to 97°25’ E longitude.
2. The only active volcano in India is called the Barren Island. It is situated in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
3. Many crops like wheat, rice, sugarcane and maize are grown in the Ganga plains.
4. The Peninsular Plateau lies to the south of the northern plains. It is triangular in shape and the oldest
landmass in India. It is surrounded by hill ranges on all sides.
5. The major divisions of the Himalayas from North to South are
• The Himadri or Greater Himalayas
• The Himachal or Lesser Himalayas
• The Shivaliks or Outer Himalayas

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