QUARTER 1-MELC 1 NOTES
CONTEXT CLUES
Context clues are important words or phrases in a sentence that help in identifying the meaning of difficult word/s or items in a sentence. They
provide further information about a word or phrase that helps the reader to understand its meaning. Context refers to the parts of a piece of
writing that precede or follow a word and contributes to its whole meaning.
TYPES OF CONTEXT CLUES
Definition or Statement Clue is a type of context clue that provides direct statement or meaning of the unfamiliar word/s.
Examples:
Ossicles are the three small bones in the middle ear.
Meaning: the three small bones in the middle ear
Her voice is inaudible; no one could hear it.
Meaning: unheard
Synonym or Restatement Clue is a type of context clue that provides synonyms of words to provide the meaning of an
unfamiliar word or words.
Examples:
Rena shouts continuously, or all the time, and it makes me uncomfortable.
Meaning: consistently
The director felt remorse, or regret, for hiring some incompetent employees.
Meaning: regret
Antonym or Contrast Clue is a type of context clue that tells the opposite meaning of the difficult word. It shows contrast.
Examples:
Jhonathan is gregarious unlike his shy brother.
Meaning: sociable
The feral cat would scratch the wall, unlike the friendly cat.
Meaning: wild
Comparison or Sameness Clue is a type of context clue that presents similarities in meaning or contexts. A similar word with the
same meaning of the unfamiliar word is placed with an object to be compared.
Words used are like, as, similar to, in the same way, likewise, resembling, too and also.
Examples:
I love the palate of pasta like my brother who loves the taste of pansit.
Meaning: taste
Jonna is fond of mountain escapade the same way with Patrick who goes on beach adventure.
Meaning: adventure
Example Clue is a type of context clue that provides readers with varying examples to allow them fully examine the unfamiliar
words. Words like including, such as and for example point out example clues.
Examples:
Mammals, including elephants, horses and carabaos, are helpful animals.
Meaning: warm-blooded vertebrate
As a country in the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Philippines always experiences different natural calamities such as typhoons,
earthquakes and tsunamis.
Meaning:disaster
Explanation Clue is a type of context clue that provides readers with a description to understand the meaning of the unfamiliar
word.
Examples:
Matthew had few infractions of the house rules that he should have done as part of his responsibilities.
Explanation: house rules that he should have done
Meaning: violations
Cause-and-Effect or Reason-Result Clue is a type of context clue that explains the reason and the result of an event or action.
Words like because, since, therefore, thus, so, etc. may signal context clues.
Example:
The government has implemented the community quarantine because experts want to stop or slow down the increase in the number of
COVID-19 cases.
Meaning: isolation
Inference or General Text Clue is a type of context clue that provides the meaning of unfamiliar words that can be inferred or
guessed from the description of the situation. The author provides non-specific clues, often
spread over the sentence or number of sentences.
Examples:
I wish I had earplugs to avoid the monkey’s vociferous noise.
Meaning: loud
The criminal’s belligerence, harsh words, disruptive actions, and offensive behaviors can be observed.
Meaning: warlike
