11 Types
of
Databases
1 - Relational
Databases
Ideal choice when your data is structured
and needs to be consistent
Supports ACID transactions and complex
relational queries
Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL,
CockroachDB
Document Databases
2 - Document
Databases
Handles semi-structured data with the
possibility of different fields for each
document.
Provides an amazing level of schema
flexibility
Examples: MongoDB, Couchbase
Key-Value Store
3 - Key Value
Store
Use when the data model is based on key-
value pairs.
Ideal for fast data retrieval and high
throughput.
Examples: Redis, DynamoDB
Graph Databases
4 - Graph
Databases
Excellent choice for data with complex
relationships.
Used in applications such as
recommendation engines and navigation
maps.
Examples: Neo4j, Amazon Neptune.
Time-Series Databases
5 - Time Series
Databases
Perfect choice when dealing with time-
series data like IoT sensor readings or
server logs in DevOps.
Provides efficient storage and retrieval of
time-stamped data.
Examples: InfluxDB, Prometheus.
Columnar Databases
6 - Columnar
Databases
Data is stored by columns instead of rows
to optimize reading from a column.
Great for applications that involve storing
massive data sets and running analytical
queries.
Examples: Amazon Redshift, Snowflake
In-Memory Databases
7 - In-Memory
Databases
Ideal for cases when speed is more
important than persistence.
Used for caching, real-time analytics, and
high-frequency trading.
Examples - Redis and Memcached
Search-Oriented
Databases
8 - Search Oriented
Databases
Great for situations when you need to
support full-text search on your dataset.
Essential for applications that require
searching through large amounts of data
Examples - Elasticsearch & Solr
Spatial Databases
9 - Spatial
Databases
Used for storing geographical and location-
based data. Extended on top of traditional
databases.
Choose for applications that require
Spatial indexing and geospatial analytics.
Examples include PostGIS & Oracle Spatial
Blob Datastore
10 - Blob
Datastore
For applications that need to store large
documents, images, audio and video files.
They provide high availability, durability
and cost-effective storage.
Examples include Azure Blob Storage,
Amazon S3
Blob Datastore
11 - Ledger
Databases
Specialized databases for recording and
maintaining tamper-evident and immutable
history of transactions.
They use cryptographic techniques like
hashing & chaining to ensure data integrity.
Examples: Amazon QLDB, Azure SQL
Ledger
That's all for now!
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