TXTBK/SLMs + QA LAS LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No.
1
Textbook-based/Supplementary
Materials/Self Learning Modules- in MATHEMATICS 9
based instruction paired with MELC-
Based Quality Assured Learner’s
Activity Sheet (LAS) Quarter: 2 Week: 1
Name: Grade & Section: 9
Teacher: Date Submitted:
MELC: The learner:
Illustrates situations that involve the following variations: (a.) direct; (b.) inverse; (c.) joint;
(d.) combined (M9AL – lla - 1
Translates into variation statement a relationship between two quantities given by:
(a.) table of values; (b.) a mathematical equation; (c.) a graph, and vice versa. (M9AL-lla-b-1)
Lesson/Topic: Direct Variation
Reference/Source: Teacher’s Guide Pages: 132 - 133
Learners Material Pages: 193 – 204
Intermediate Algebra Page: 102
Activity No. 1: Let’s Begin! Day: 1
Objectives/Subtasks:
1. Illustrate situations that involve direct variation.
2. Translate into variation statements a relationship involving direct variation.
KEY CONCEPT
If the ratio between two quantities is constant, it means that one quantity varies directly as the
other quantity, or the two quantities are in direct variation.
y
In symbols, y = kx or = k where k is the constant of variation.
x
Example 1
The table below shows the points earned by Grade 9 Avocado class for every number of kilograms of waste
collected.
Number of kilograms (n) 1 2 3 4 5
Points (P) 6 12 18 24 30
Questions:
a. What happens to the number of points when the number of kilograms of paper is doubled? (The
number of points doubled or tripled as the number of kilos of papers doubled or tripled.)
b. How many kilograms of papers will the grade 9 Avocado class have in order to raise 600 points?
(100) kilograms
c. What mathematical statement will relate the two quantities involved? (P = 6n)
d. In what way are you able to help clean the environment by collecting these papers? What items can
be made of these papers? (Answers may vary
Exercise 1
A local government organization launches a recycling campaign of waste materials to schools in
order to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection and the effects of climate change.
Every kilogram of waste material earns points that can be exchanged for school supplies and grocery
items. Paper, which is the number one waste collected, earns 5 points for every kilo.
1
The table below shows the points earned by a Grade 8 Mango class for every number of kilograms of
wastepaper collected.
Number of kilograms (n) 1 2 3 4 5 6
Points (P) 5 10 15 20 25 30
Questions:
1. What happens to the number of points when the number of kilograms of paper is doubled? tripled?
2. How many kilograms of paper will the Grade 8 Mango class have to gather in order to raise 500 points? Write
a mathematical statement that will relate the two quantities involved.
3. In what way are you able to help clean the environment by collecting these waste papers?
4. What items can be made of these papers?
There is direct variation whenever a situation produces pairs of numbers in which their ratio is constant.
The statements:
“y varies directly as x”
“y is directly proportional to x and
“y is proportional to x”
may be translated mathematically as y = kx, where k is the constant of variation.
For two quantities, x and y, an increase in x causes an increase in y as well. Similarly, a decrease in x causes a
decrease in y.
Example 2
Write an equation for the following statements: Answer
1. The fare (F) of a passenger varies directly as the distance (d) of his destination. F = kd
2. The cost (C) of fish varies directly as its weight w in kilograms. C = kw
3. An employee’s salary (S) varies directly as the number of days (d) he has worked. S = kd
Exercise 2
Directions: Express each of the following by means of an equation where k represents the constant of variation.
1.The length (L) of a person’s shadow at a given time varies directly as the height (h) of the person.
2.The cost of electricity (C)varies directly as the number of kilowatt-hour consumption (l).
3.The volume (V) of a cylinder varies directly as its height (h).
2
MELC: The learner solves problems involving variation (M9AL – llb-c-1)
Lesson/Topic: Solving Problems Involving Direct Variation
Reference/Source: Teacher’s Guide Pages: 139 - 141
Learner’s Material Pages: 206 – 210
Activity No. 1: Cans Anyone? Day: 2
Objective/Subtask: 1. Solve problems involving direct variation.
KEY CONCEPT
There is direct variation whenever a situation produces pairs of numbers in which their ratio is constant.
The statements:
“y varies directly as x”
“y is directly proportional to x and
“y is proportional to x”
May be translated mathematically as y = kx, where k is the constant of variation. For two quantities, x and y,
an increase in x causes an increase in y as well. Similarly, a decrease in x causes a decrease in y.
Example 1:
1. If y varies directly as x and y = 24 when x = 6, find the variation constant and the equation of variation.
Solution:
a. Express the statement “y varies directly as x” as y = kx. Y = kx
b. Solve for k by substituting the given values in the equation
24 = 6k
24
K=
6
Therefore, the constant of variation is 4. K=4
Exercise 1
Directions: Find k, if y varies directly as x and
1. x = 15 when y = 120
2. y = 45 when x = 5
3. x = 8 when y = 112
Example 2
Nomer uses 20 liters of unleaded gasoline to travel 200 kilometers, how many liters of gasoline will he use on a
trip of 700 kilometers?
Solution:
If the distance(d) traveled varies directly as the amount of unleaded gasoline (u) consumed, then
Solve for k: d = ku Using the equation d = 10u
200 = k(20) Substitute the values 7000 = 10u
10 = k 700 liters = u
3
Exercise 2
Directions: Solve the following problems. Write your solution.
1.The number of kilograms of water K in a human body is directly proportional to its total weight W. A man
who weighs 87 kg contains 58 kg of water. If Marcelo weighs 72 kg, how many kilograms of water does he
contain?
2.The service fee f of a professional physical therapist varies directly as the number of hours h of service
rendered. If a physical therapist charged Php 1350 for 3 hours of service, how much would he be paid for 5 ½
hours of service?
MELC: The learner:
Illustrates situations that involve the following variations: (a.) direct; (b.) inverse; (c.) joint;
(d.) combined (M9AL – lla - 1
Translates into variation statement a relationship between two quantities given by:
(a.) table of values; (b.) a mathematical equation; (c.) a graph, and vice versa. (M9Al-lla-b-1)
Lesson/Topic: Inverse variation
Reference/Source: Teachers Guide Page No.: 139 -141
Learner’s Material Page No.: 206 - 210
Activity No. 2: Translate Me! Day: 3
Objectives/Subtasks: 1. Illustrate situations that involve inverse variation.
2.Translate into variation statements a relationship involving inverse variation.
KEY CONCEPT
Inverse variation occurs whenever a situation produces pairs of numbers whose product is constant.
For two quantities x and y, an increase in x causes a decrease in y or vice versa. We can say
k k
that y varies inversely as x or y = .The statement, “y varies inversely to x,” translates to y = , where k
x x
is the constant of variation.
Example 1
Anna lives 40 km away from the school to Carayman Elementary where she studied. Riding a jeep, the time
she takes her to reach school depends on the average speed. Some possible speeds and the length of time it
takes her are as follows:
Time in hours 1
Speed in kph 40 50 60 70 80
To see clearly the relation of the two quantities, the graph of the relation is shown below.
1 2 3 4 1 11
5 5 5 5 5
4
Questions:
a. How do the speed and time of travel affect each other?
b. Write a mathematical statement to represent the relation.
c. Is there a constant number involved? Explain the process that you have used in finding out.
Answers:
1. a. As the speed of the car increases, the time in travelling decreases.
k
b. S = , where, s is the speed in kph and t is time in hours.
t
c. Yes. Multiplying the values of the speed and time gives us the constant.
The situation in the problem shows that “an increase in speed produces a decrease in time in travelling.”
The situation produces pairs of numbers, whose product is constant. Here, the time t varies inversely as the speed
s such that
St = 40 (a constant)
k
In this situation, “the speed s is inversely proportional to the time t,” and is written as s = , Where k is the
t
proportionality constant or constant of variation.
40
Hence, the equation represented in the table and graph is s = , where, k = 40.
t
Exercise 1
Jean and Jericho who are playing in the school grounds
decided to sit on a seesaw. Jericho, who is heavier, tends
to raise Jean on the other end of the seesaw. They tried to
position themselves in order to balance the weight of each other.
Questions:
a. What have you noticed when the kids move closer to or farther from the center?
b. Who among the kids will have to move closer to the center in order to balance the seesaw?
c. How do the weights of the kids relate to the distance from the center?
d. Does the change in one quantity affect a change in the other? Explain
Example 2
k
Directions: The statement “y varies inversely as x” is y = . Express each of the following:
t
1. The number of pizza slices p varies inversely as the number of persons n sharing a whole pizza.
2. The number of pechay plants n in a row varies inversely as the space s between them.
3. The number of persons n needed to do a job varies inversely as the number of days d to finish the job.
Answers
k k k
1. p = 2. n = 3. n =
n s d
Exercise 2
k
Directions: The statement “y varies inversely as x” is y = . Express each of the following as equation.
t
5
1. The length l of a rectangular field varies inversely as its width w.
2. The density d of air varies inversely as the volume v of water in the atmosphere.
3. The acceleration a of a car is inversely proportional to its mass m.
MELC: The learner solves problems involving variation (M9AL – llb-c-1)
Lesson/Topic: Solving Problems Involving Inverse Variation
Reference/Source: Teacher’s Guide Page No.: 142 - 145
Learner’s Materials Page No.: 209 -213
Intermediate Algebra Page No.;109
Activity No. 2: Think Deeper! Day: 4
Objective/Subtask: 1. Solve problems involving inverse variation.
KEY CONCEPT
Steps in solving inverse variation problem:
k
The statement, “y varies inversely as x,” translate to y = where k is the constant of variation. Example
x
1
k Suppose
Step 1: Set up the formula: y=
x that y
Step 2: Find the missing constant k, k = xy varies
inversely
using the first set of data giv as x and
that y = 8
Step 3: Using the formula and the constant k, find the missing in the problem.
when x =
3. Calculate for y when x = 10.
Solution1: Solution 2:
k
y= k = xy Using: x 1 y1 = x2 y2
x
k = 3(8) 3(8) = 10y 2
k = 24 24 = 10y 2
24 24
Solving for y: = y2
10 10
k 12
y= or 2.4 = y2
x 5
24
y=
10
12
y= or 2.4
5
12
Therefore, y= or 2.4 when x = 10
5
6
Exercise 1
Directions: Solve for the indicated variable in each of the following.
1. If y varies inversely as x and y = 3 when x = 4, find y when x = 6.
2. If r varies inversely as s and r = 100 when s = 27, find the value of r when s = 45.
3. If p varies inversely as q and p = 3 when q = 4, find p when q = 16.
Steps in solving inverse variation problem:
k
The statement, “y varies inversely as x,” translate to y = , where k is the constant
x
of variation.
k x1 y2
Step 1: Set up the formula: y= Using: =
x x2 y1
Step 2: Find the missing constant k, k = xy
Using the first set of data given.
Step 3: Using the formula and the constant k,
Find the missing in the problem.
Note: When dealing with word problems, we can consider using variables other than x and y.
Example 2
Find the number of days that 15 workers can complete a job if 8 workers can do the same in 10 days.
Solutions:
No. of days (y) a certain job can be completed varies inversely as the number of workers (x) assigned to do the
job.
Using: k = x 1 y1
y1 x2
Using: =
k = 15(8) y2 x1
k = 120 8 10
=
k y2 15
y2 =
x y2 =
120 8(15)
y2 = 10
10
y 2 = 12
Take note that in an inverse variation, the value of one variable increases as the value of the other decreases, and
vice versa, in contrast with direct variation.
Exercise 2
Directions: Solve the following problems. (Write your solutions in the other sheet of paper.)
1.The number of days needed in repairing a house varies inversely as the number of men working. It takes 15
7
days for 2 men to repair the house. How many men are needed to complete the job in 6 days?
2. Find the number of days that 10 workers can complete a job if 5 workers can do the same in 7 days.
Answer Key
Day 1
Exercise 1:
1. The number of points doubled or tripled as Day 2
the number of kilos of papers doubled or
Exercise 1:
tripled.
2. 100 kilograms; P = 5n 1. k=8
3. and 4. Answers will vary. 2. k=9
3. .k = 14
Exercise 2:
Exercise 2:
1. L = kh
2. C = kl
1. k = 48 kg
3. V = kh 2. f = Php 2,475.00
Day 3 Day 4
Exercise 1: Exercise 1:
1. a. The seesaw tends to balance as one of the kids 1. y=2
moves closer or farther from the fulcrum. 2. r = 60
b. The heaver kid should move closer to the 3. p= ¾
fulcrum in order to balance the lighter kid on
the other side of the seesaw. Exercise 2:
c. The weight is inversely proportional to the
1. 5 men
distance from the fulcrum.
2. 3.5 or 3 ½ days
Exercise 2:
1. l = k/w
2. d = k/v
3. a = k/m
8
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