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Chemical Engineering Department
B.F-INL Chemical
Chemical Process Industries
1:00 - 2:00 pm
Date: 24-01-2020 Internal Test Time
(6)
by oxidation of NO?
jons are reversible oF
Q.1 Answer the following ANY TWO.
‘Is low pressure favoured for the ¢
Justify with reference to thermodynamics
lytic oxidation of ammonia follow:
‘Also comment whether the re:
irreversible.
2cExplain the Figure given below. Explain the sign!
horizontal lines. With respect to this discuss the rationale
ance of the equilibrium curve and the
behind using DCDA process.
3, Comment on the complexities involved in the absorption of NO in water. How are these
addressed? Which is the controlling resistance? How is this resistance minimized?
Q.2 Answer ANY TWO of the following: 4)
1. Structured packings embedded with catalyst as shown in the Figure below offer a very large
interfacial area and thereby enhancing mass transfer. Can these replace the conventional
catalytic packings for the catalytic conversion of S02 to S03? Justify,
Comment on the equipment used for the oxidation of sulfur to sulfur dioxide. Which
resistance/s governs this process? Why?
AG ‘What is meant by NOx abatement? Comment on the equipment used for the same,
Q.3 Answer the following (ANY THREE) 6)
i. What is the process design modifications suggested in the manufacturing in NHs?
Which are the major components of fertilizer? What is the ole of init?
Fic Write down the chemical reactions of urea produetion\
“iy, What is the function of feed guard converter in the manufacturing of NHjA—~
are the types of nitrogen ferlizer? Write down industrial applications of ammonia. (4)
oR |
4
engineering problems of urea production. TE MATAR AL \ SAY AJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
1S. bi Chemical Engineering
Internal test Examination
Date: 20" January Year: 2020
SUBJECT: Mays Transfer Operations I
QI. Answer the following:
When wil you prefer liquid-liquid extraction over distillation?
2) What do you mean by solutropic system? Is separation possible for this type of
Day: Tuesday Time: 1 to 2 pm
Q)
system?
Hive hundred kilograms of'an
aqueous feed containing 50 mass% acetone is
contacted with a solvent cont
ining 98% chloroform and 2% acetone. The mass ratio
Of the fed tothe solvent is 1:1. Caleulate the mass and composition of the extract
and also the fraction of acetone in the feed extracted, The operation is carried out at
Fg ie the equiibsium and tie fine data are given below
(8)
Ratfiante phase (mass traction) | Estaret phase (mass fraction) ea
Water(x,) | Chloroform | Acetone | Water(x,) [Chloroform | Acetone
nae (xn) | (xc)
[oxo tooras LO2a aa
[07311 To.o129—— |
0.6229 0.527
0.456 E 061
0345 z == oem
1 AE Of an aqueous solution of pyridine containing 50% Pyridine by wei
“xtracted using 200 ke chlorobenzene. Answer the following
f Mhst il be the concentration of pyridine in the rafTinate?
b. Estimate the percentage extraction of pyridine,
ii mutual solubility of water-chlorobenene and the euiltvium distribution
between them are given (All compositions a zht pe
Chlorabencene | Water
ight is
@)
of pyridine
Water —
Pyridine
| 0.05
99.92
0.67
94.82
Lis
88.71
1.26.
80.72
asta
73.92
2.87
62.05
49.00 —
50.87
37.90
[20am
to be dried from 60% 1o 6% moisture (wet basis) in Counterc
for almost 5.5 hrs. The critical moisture rate was found t
urrent
10 be 20%
fate 4%. Assuming the rae of drying during falling rate period is
content. Compute (i) the moisture to be evaporated per 600
fic heat is 0.48 J/kg ©. (i) Time required to dry the solids
time required for drying. OR
dryers made? Explain,
(6)
4)
a
~~ ‘Chemical Engineering Department
B.E-IIL Chemical
Chemical Reaction Engineering-II
Date: 23/01/20 “Internal Test Time: 1:00 ~ 2:00 pm
QI Answer the following ; 5
1, For an instantaneous reaction kcaP, > ka.tCp, Comment on the controlling resistance.
2. Ipa= Pa of the following is appropriate?
_a- Liquid film resistance is controlling. 0.5% -
~“b. Gas film resistance is controlling
¢. Chemical reaction resistance is not controlling
dd, None of the above
3, The term reaction zone is applicable to which of the following regimes?
40A,B CD $BC EF ‘
4. For gas bubbles in liquid, kg is and khis_ w&
5, Identify the following regimes: an ne
Aan @ ox
Ser Sy)
Ox
QX Identify the reaction regime and calculate the rate for the following reaction:
em A(g)+ BO) PU), =r, =kC,Cy, aca = 0.5 mol s' m? of reactor Pa", kara = 100 hr!
9, a= 200 m?m’ reactor, Dat =6.0 x 10 m? be'!, Dpx =1.2.x 10° m? br, k = 10° m? mol"!
S', Ha = 10" Pam’ mol", P = 50 Pa, Cy = 1500 mol/m? a 5
OR
Q2 For the G-L reaction A + 2B - Pwith the order of the reaction being 1.5 and 2 with respect to A
and B respectively, determine My and E, and E and the regime. Given: ky = 0.8 m/hr, Cx, = 4
| molim’, Cy = 100 mol’m’, Da = 7.2 x 10% m*/hr, Dg = 72 x 10° mhr, k = 1 x 10°
(m’/mol)?*/hr. 5
er Derive an equation to determine the time for fractional and complete conversion for a gas-solid
reaction with spherical particles. Assume SCM and chemical reaction step controlling.
3
OR
Describe the Shrinking core model via discussing mechanism steps with neat figure, s
OR
Solid particles B are converted to a non-flaking product according to SCM by the reaction
+ B(s) + R(g) + 5(s), Based on the following data determine the rate controlling step.
t(min.) » | Slip No.1 EXAM SEAT NOs :
THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
B.E.I Chemical Engineering Examination
Day: Monday Date: 8" April Year: 2019 Time: 3,00t0 6.00 pm
SUBJECT: Mass Transfer Operations I
Note: Use separate answer books for section & 11 (CHL 1605)
Make suitable assumptions if necessary
Figures to the right indicate marks. Total marks 80.
SECTION I
Answer the following a
What is the effect of gas temperature, gas humidity and thickness of drying solid
on the rate of drying?
b. Membrane separation processes are rate governed and not equilibrium governed.
Explain,
©. Differentiate between active transport and passive transport.
4. Classify dryers on the basis of heat input style and operation pressure.
€- Differentiate between chemical adsorption arid physical adsorption.
£ Lista few adsorbents used in the industry. How does the nature of adsorbate and
adsorbent affect the extent of adsorption?
8. List at least two industrial a
Rotary driers.
h. What is Pervaporation? List one
pPlications of the following driers (i) Spray driers, (ii)
application of pervaporation.
A solution of washed raw cane su
presence of small quantities of in
with an adsorptive carbon in
igar of 48% sucrose by weight is colored by the
npurities. It is to be decolorized at 81
90
has a color concentration of 20 measured on an arbitrary scale
the color to 2.5% of its original value.
10 Y* = color units/kg sugar and X~ color units /kg
I so, what are the equation constants?
Tequired for a single stage process, per 1000 kg
1000 kg of solution for a 2-st ob
w
Q2a. Anuninsulated. hot air countercurrent
‘Atmospheric air at 25°C ,50
i the drier and is expect 5 s
ese a 25 an be discharged at 65°C. Product will be delivered
‘will enter at 25°C and is expected 10
at the rate of 750kg/hr
the heat transfer coefficient from drier to surroundings
watd is 1500 Jkg K, Heat capacity of water (liquid) 4
sir is 1005 J/kg K. Heat capacity of water (vapor) is 1
5.1% 10 0.45 % moisture, wet basis. The a .
in ‘% humidity, will be heated by passing cover steam coils
:stimate the air and heat requirement
OR 3
1 rotary drier is used to dry calcium phosphate
‘drier is 2 m in diameter, 10 m long.
ed to be discharged at 32°C. The solid
ts of the drier. Consider
~ 10 W/m’K, Heat capacity of
187 J/kg K, Heat capacity of
005 J/kg.K, Latent heat of
vaporization for water 1s 2802.3 ki/kg, Integral heat of wetting of solid = 0 J/kg K. At
3she. 50% humidity, the absolute humidity of available air= 0.01 kg water/kg dry air,
08
to= 0.
b. Derive the rate of drying for batch driers, considerins
transfer that can occur within the drier
affect the rate of drying
Q3a. A liquid containing dilute solute at a
various modes of heat
‘Also enumerate the various factors that
06
concentration of 3107 kmol/m’ is flowing
rapidly by a membrane of thickness 3.0%10" m, The distribution coefficient of the
solute equals 1.5 and diffusivity is 7,010"! m’/s in the membrane. The solute
‘iffuses through the membrane and its concentration on the other side is 0.5 10?
kmol/m®. The mass transfer coefficient on feed side is very large and can be
tae dored as infinite and that of the permeate side is 2.0210" mm/s. Calculate the
flux and the concentrations at the membrane interfaces. 05
b. Derive the generalized equation for minimum total adsorbent for multistage
cerosscurrent adsorption.
05
to determine the permeability constants for reverse osmosis of a feed salt solution
containing 12.0 kg NaCl/m’ (density = 1005.5 kg/m’). The product solution has @
concentration of 0.468 kg, NaClm'(d
lensity = 997.3 kg/m’). The measured product
flow rate is 3.84 x 10° m’/s and the pressure difference used is 56.0 atm. Calculate
the permeability constants and the sol
‘osmotic pressure is given as:
OR
A cellulose acetate-membrane with an area of 4.0 x 10m? is used at 25 RC
ute rejection R. Experimental data for NaCl and
06
oI 7kg water | 0 | 0.01
TT or] 05 oh
ea 7
‘osmotic
etm) |/0\] 0.47
456 | 22.55 | 45.8 | 96.2
Wai dort note on: Pressure Swing Adsorption.
SECTION II S = 4
oh
e204
of heap leaching.
€ rewrite the correct
04
the solid free asx fly ft
eS
icles (Fale
Batch agitated vessels are used for leaching of coarse particles. ‘A carried)
For the distribution of a solute C in two pair of partially miscible solvents
&, ivi it point is 1. of the
\ \ and B (solvent). The selectivity at the plait point separation
Xs iv. If the interfacial tension of a carrier- solvent pair is very ‘small, phase
ae liquid — liquid dispersion becomes difficult.
35% acid is tO be extracted
Q5a If 100 kg of a solution of acetic acid and water a bet
three times with isopropyl ether at 20°C. using 60 kg of solvent in each stage
would be the quantities and composition of various s
be required if the same final and raffinate concentrations Were
stage? Sse
2 How
[Water layer | Isopropy! ether ayer
Wi% | Water Wi%
Acetic acid
b,” What do you mean by one pair partially soluble system? Write down the examples of
one pair partially soluble system and draw the triangular diagram for given system. 03
oR
Its planned to extract diphenyl hexane (C) from a solution in docosane (A) using
pure furfural (B) as the solvent. The feed enters the extractor cascade at a rate of 2000
kg/h with 50% dipheny! hexane that has to be reduced to 4% in the final raffinate, The
solvent rate is 2500kg/h. Determine the number of theoretical stages required,
Extraction is to be carried out at 45 °C. Several compositions on the extract and
raffinate arms and tie line data in mass% of the components at 45 °C are given below,
10.0 | 20.0 | 30.0 | 40.0 | 50.0 | 60.0 | 70.0
37.5 | 47.4 | 48.7 | 468 | 42.3 | 35.6 | 27.4
$2.5 [326] 213132177 [44 {i f [07 |
Raifinate phase mass % | Extract phase mass %
cae, fc {A (8 oe
852 [48 [100 [11 [891 los
9.0165 1245 122 |736 [242
439 [133 [426 [68 |523 [409 |
—b — Aninlet water solution of 100 kg/h containing 0.010 wt fraction nicoti
‘stripped with a kerosene stream of 200 kg/h containing 0.0005 wt fraction |
‘current stage tower. Water and kerosene are essentially immiscible in each, x
Q6
a
Ky nicotine’ ky water | 0 | 0.001011 | 0,00246 | 0.00502 | 0.00751 | 0.00998 0204
kg nicotine’ ky solvent | 0
1" ws
desired to reduce the concentration of the exit water 10 0.0010 wt fraction nicotine,
Determine the theoretical number of stages needed. The equilibrium data are as
follows. 0s
00807 | 0.001961 | 0,00456 | 0.00686 | 0.00913
Answer the following.
Soyabean are to be leached with the hexane to remove soyabean oil, This is done in a
moving, bed and continuous counter current stage wise operation is maintained.
Soyabean flakes which enter contain 20% oil and are 10 be leached 10 0.5% oil
s). The net forward flow of solvent is to | kg hexane introduced as
fresh solvent per ky flakes and the fresh solvent is free of oil, The solvent draining
from the flakes is generally free of solid except in first stage, The rich micelle
contains 10% of the insoluble solid in the feed as suspended solid, whieh falls through
the perforation of belt during loading, How many stages are required? ‘The tie fine
data are vertical, x= y* as given below 09
Wi% oil | (Kg solution N [(Reoil/ ky.
in solution | retained/ky insoluble insoluble solid)
y* solid )= (/N) (yt/N)
0 0.58 17s {0
20 0.66 1515 | 0.152
30 0.70 1.429 [0.210
26 _b. Derive the population balance ‘equation for MSMPR model.
oR
b. Explain the working of draft tube batfle crystallizer with a neat sketch, Also discuss
‘ts advantages and disadvantages and industrial applications. 04
Heneneenneniene THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
Second Semester ~ B.E.-III (Chemical)
Day: Friday Date: 12" April Year: 2019 Time: 3:00 to 6:00 pm
SUBJECT: CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-II (CHL 1603)
N.B.i) Answer two sections in separate answer books
i) Figures to the right indicate full marks, C010 29
i) Make reasonable assumptions if required
SECTION I
QI__Answer the following 112]
aCe following data is available for a contactor: kaga = 0.8 mol hr! m? Pa, kala =
100 hr’,
Da = De
answer.
2. Mention the catalysts usually used for the following reactions: a) Dehydrogenation,
4x 10° m? hr'. Can you identify the contactor used?-Justify your
b) Alkylation, ©) Oxidation
PeceH
3: Given: —rj' = Pa? "Pa
‘What is meant by Turnover frequency? State its significance.
LABIA Discuss in brief the criteria for the selection of a gas-liquid contactor (4)
Q2B Answer the following:
1. The reaction A(g)+B(/) —> P(!), ~r, =kC,C, is conducted in an agitated tank
contactor. Calculate the volume of the contactor.
Data: kaga = 0.8 mol br! m” Pa, kya = 150 hr', = 0.92, a= 100 m? m?, k=3 x
10! m’ mot" hr", Ha = 10000 Pam mol", Da = 5 x 10° m? hr', Dy ~7.5 x 10% me
har, Ca i = 6000 mol m, pa mn = 1200 Pa, pr ou = 100 Pa, Cr = 18000 mol m?, Fy
= 80000 mol hr, x= 10° Pa, F; = 6000 mol hr” (6)
2. For an instantaneous reaction (E = E,), the gas film resistance is also controlling.
Derive an expression for px, [4]
OR
Q2B The reaction 4(g) + B(/) + P(/) 1, = kC,C,, is conducted in a tower contactor.
Calculate the volume of the contactor.
0.3 mol hr! m” Pa, kaa = 0.12 hr’, f= 0.09, a= 100 m? m?, k=
hhr', Ha = 10000 Pam’ mot, Da = Da =4 x 10° m? hr", Cog =
Pa, Pa ou = 10 Pa, Cr = 25000 mol m?, Fe = 70000 mokhr", x - lo
=
n and derive the rate expression for the catalytic gas
don LHHW kinetics. Assume surface reaction to be
(6)
ion for the concentration gradient in
place on a porous catalyst. [6]
4 = 200m? m®, k= 1 x 10° m? mot" hr, Hy = 2000 Pa m? mol, Se
s:
derive the expression for, wee
2,
=
oy qe iM >
Q3B Attempt the following (4
U/ Mention the various types of catalyst deactivation giving relevant examples
\2/ Explain in brief the concept of pseudo-steady state hypothesis.
SECTION II
Q4 Answer the following.
V1. Derive an expression for conversion for the burning of coal = 2a 07)
<2 What is meant by internal and external diffusion in porous catalysis? Explain the
terms effectiveness factor and overall effectiveness factors associated with them,
105)
QS Answer the following
Je Calculate the time needed to burn to completion particles of graphite (Ro = 5 mm,
Pe = 2.2 gm/em’, k" = 20 cm/sec) in an 10% oxygen stream, For the high gas
velocity used assume that film diffusion does not offer any resistance to transfer
and reaction. Reaction temperature = 900°C. (08)
2 Solid particles B are converted to a non-flaking product according to SCM by the
reaction A(g) + B(s) + R(g) + S(s). Based on the following data determine the
rate controlling step. (05)
D, (mm) a Co
1 Ba a 2
5 075 3
OR
QS Attempt the follo
1. A feed consisting 30% of 30-um-radius particles, 40% of S0-um-radius particles,
30% of 100-ym-radius particles is to be fed continuously in a thin layer onto a
moving grate crosscurrent to a flow of reactant gas. For the planned operating
conditions, the time required for complete conversion is 6, 10, and 15 min for the
three sizes of particles. Find the conversion of solids on the grate for a residence
time of 8 min in the reactor. {08}
2. Comment on the effect of change in the location of reaction zone in countercurrent
flow for reactants in excess? (09)
Q6 Answer ANY THREE 11s}
1L-Explain the steps involved in a multiphase gas-liquid-solid reaction taking place in
a slurry reactor.
Describe the Kunii-Levenspiel bubbling bed model for fluidized bed reactor.
down the limitations in the Shrinking Core Model
jis Ash Layer control in SCM? Derive an equation to find out particle
1 particle at time.
mW .
Slip No.1 Exam. No, © 0 107%
THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
‘Second Semester ~ BE-IT] (Chemical) Examination
Day: Monday Date: 1S" April Year: 2019 Time: 3:00 9 6:00 pm
SUBJECT: CHEMICAL PROCESS INDUSTRIES (CHL 1604)
N.B.i) Answer two sections in separate answer books
Figures to the right i
iii) Make reasonable assumptions if required.
SECTION 1
Q.1 Answer the following 112)
‘te Explain in brief the following terms: a) Lyophilization, b) Harvesting of —> Pharma
fermentation broth, c) Germinator inoculum.
+2 Explain in brief diazotization and coupling and the role of low temperature ther
\2z_ What is meant by NOx abatement? How is it addressed? —} Nitnic aciel
+47 Explain in brief the process for the manufacture of paracetamol. Why recycle of —y P}, as mos
‘acetic acid is directly associated with the economy of the process?
3 dre
Q.2A Explain in brief the process for the manufacture of sulfuric acid with the chemical
reactions (detailed flow sheet not required). With reference to this, answer the
following:
“UL-Explain the following plot based on the environmental and thermodynamic
Perspective.
mt 12504
dioxide be carried out by sparging air ina pool of
ion answer the same.
ic acid rather than water in the absorption
supplement it?
ed only in the first stage of the
stages. Comment on this giving
“heat exchanger *A’. 7 OR
Q.2A Explain in brief the process for the manufacture of phosphoric acid with the
chemical reactions (detailed flow sheet not required). With reference to. this,
answer the following:
1, Which type of ore is used for the manufacture? Why? What is meant by
beneficiation of phosphate rock?
the self limiting reaction issue resolved? Explain with the help of relevant
chemical reactions.
reference to the plot given below, comment on the decisions taken by the
industry based on the % POs content.
Basuuy
4, What is meant by recrystallization? Explain its significance.
5. Distinguish between hemihydrate and dihydrate processes. "1
Phaphoric
acid
6) olvd
a eee me oF =) C0 ae
the electrodes. Comment on the life of the
a oe x"
jo he ae
WG pen
2. Explain the liquid phase process for the manufacture of cyclohexane along with the GH ie
chemical reactions (detailed flow sheet not required). Answer the following with 2)
reference to this process:
a. _ Is the reaction reversible or irreversible? Justify. ,
b. Comment on the type of reactor used. Ps |
© Explain the process for the manufacture of cumene based on reactive distillaion Oy
along with the chemical reactions (detailed flow sheet not required). Answer the Ff) Se
following with reference to this process:
a. Comment on the type of the reactor used and the catalyst. od
Why is benzene used in excess?
ae the process for the manufacture of acetaldehyde along with the chemical =) 02
reactions (detailed flow sheet not required). Answer the following with reference to; ,,, ="
this process:
a} The reactants for this process are in gas phase. How does it become a gas-liquid
reaction? Which of the reactants is used in excess? Why?
37m gas
not required). Based on this process answer the following:
{Ue Explain the convection & radiant sections of steam reformer in manufacturing of
synthesis gas. Why catalyst needs to be added in it?
[2- Why carbon formation in steam reformer needs to be prevented? How is it
addressed.
{BO Write down reaction involved during conversion of methane (10)
OR
Q44_ Discuss in brief the process for the manufacture of ammonia (detailed flow sheet not. —) NM3
required). Based on this process answer the following:
1. Discuss the major engineering problems in the production of ammonia.
2. How catalyst activity can be promoted in manufacturing of ammonia? Which
rs to be added in it?
3. Write detailed mechanism of catalysis reaction for the ammonia, (10)
8 «2
derivatives of LAB? Write in brief, > ©
engineering problems in the manufacturing of Portland cement —) ‘Ce ment
jing problems in pulp & paper industry — poper or
onia and phosphoric acid to be maintained in preneutralizer? ©) 4 O
(18)
of Urea? Explain the manufacturing process of Up ea
with chemical reactions conte via
of pulp it kraft process of pulp paper. —
rss? Discuss the process of A o
Slip No. : O1 of 04 ve Ms Exam Seat No. :
THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
Examination
‘Second Semester of B. FE, — 111 (Chemical)
Day: Wednesday Date: 10/04/2019 Year: 2018:19 Time: 3:00 pm to 6:00 pm
Subject:
‘Notes: (1) All Questions are compulsory.
2) Write the two seetions in two separate answer books,
Qi. Te ge woes’ pe print abe sttemel , fremly
ay Explain ffiowing noose
iu
tive
CoC wane) U@ay}
-{») Explain various format et used within the command fprintf, Ly Te save file
16}
of Uo eb
\(6) Find out 4 mistakes.in following lines and correct it, in mat foomet
>> x = ze
»y 3);
4d) What will be the output of following lines.
for i = 1:2:9 13544
29
ees cS oe fod sheeted:
fprintf(‘%d ',i+j) =e ”
else = 6
fprintf(" *) ” 40
d =
ae See
fprint#(‘\n')
end >>
Q2
“(ay Explain following commands with syntax.
Wile vii) legend Gi) Diptr ‘iv) pause
‘om eine types of conditional statements with their syntax.
command? Explain procedure to use it with one example.
ium, average of all elements of inputted array,
[16]
[18] THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA.
Second Semester of B, E,- Ill (Chemical) Examination
Day: Wednesday — Date: 10/04/2019 Year: 2018-19 Time: 3:00 pm to 6:00 pm
Subject: Computational Techniques in Chemical Engineering (CHL1602)
we Derive Euler's method to solve initial value problem
dy
Fe =f), YX) = Yor
Using ode45 command, create a script file to solve and plot following initial value problem in range
{0,1}.
gy a
S=x+y, yO=0
Ww Write a short note on Stiff differential equations.
Section —
Q.4. Attempt ANY THREE from the following. 115]
GJ Using Newton’s forward interpolation formula, find the area of a circle of diameter 82 from the
given table of diameter and area of circle:
Diameter 80 85 90, 5 700
Area 5026 | 5674 | 6362_| 7088 | 7854
