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NGS SEMINAR QUESTIONS.
P425/2: APPLIED MATHEMATICS.
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
1) Acontinuous random variable X is uniformly distributed in the interval [a,
B]. The lower quartile is 5 and the upper quartile is 9. Find;
a) Values of « and B, hence the [Link].
b) E(X) and Var (x).
c) P(41
Determine the;
(i). value of k
(i) [Link].
(iii) mean, w.
(iv) Pdly-ul<>.
3) The p.c.f. of a continuous random variable X is distributed as
follows:
Find:
(i) the value of k
(ii) the equations of the [Link]
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 (iii) P(4, and - Find the probability that:
a) the task is solved.
b) _ only one student solves it.
c) atleast two of them solved it.
9. The p.d.f. of a discrete random variable, X is as follows:
Bx, x=1,2,3
PK=x)={e@+1), x=4,5
0 , otherwise
Find;
a) the value of k
b) P(2< X <5)
c) mode and median of X
d) E(X)
e) Var(Y) if Y = 2x-1
[Link] exclusive events A and B are such that P(A U B) = 0.75 and
P(A) = 0.27, find:
() PA'UB) (i) P(A B) itl) P(A BY!
[Link] A and B are such that P(A) = 2 ,P(B) = + and P(AUB) = 2 Find:
() P(ANB) (ii) P(A’ NB) (ii) P(A’ B) (iv) P(A’ UB’)
[Link] events A and B are such that 5P(A) = 4P(B) and P(A B) = :
Find: (i) P(A) (ii) P(A/B)
[Link] mark, X, scored by candidates in a test is normally distributed with
mean, pL and standard deviation, a. Given that 80% of the candidates scored
above 30 marks and 20% were awarded a distinction with at least 70 marks,
Find the;
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 a) Value of and.
b) Number of candidates who passed out of the 500 who sat for the test
if the pass mark was 50 marks.
[Link] pens are drawn without replacement from a bag
containing 5 red and 3 blue pens. Find the:
a) probability distribution for the number of red pens drawn.
b) expected number of red pens drawn.
[Link] of obtaining at least 2 red pens
[Link] X contains 5 red and 4 white beads, bag Y contains 7 red and 5 white
beads, while bag Z contains 3 red and 5 white beads. A bag is selected at
random and two beads are picked from it without replacement. Find the
probability that:
a) they are of different colours.
b) bag Y is selected given that the beads drawn are of the same colour.
17.a) A random variable has a distribution of the form,
Fe) =e(4)".x=0,1,2, Find cand p= 2/, 6,
b) Okello played 15 chess games. The probability that he wins a game is
0.6.
(i) Find the probability that he won between 6 to 10 games.
(ii) Calculate the most likely number of games he won,
c) Mary and Peter play a game in which they each throw a die in turn until
someone throws a six. The person who throws a six wins the game,
Peter starts the game. find the probability that she wins,
18. A random sample of 100 observations from a normal distribution with
mean, 1 gave the following data.) x = 8200. And ¥ x?= 686800. Calculate
the;
(i) 99% confidence limits for y.
(ii) 96 % confidence limits for pL. 19,The table below show the frequency distribution of marks obtained by a
group of students in a paper two mathematics examination.
Marks (%)|10- |20- |[35- [45- [6s- [80- | 90-
Frequency | 1.8 2.4 5.8 3.3 1.2 0.4 0
density
a) Calculate the
(i) Modal mark
(ii) mean mark,
(iii) standard deviation,
(iv) number of students who scored above 54%.
b) Draw a cumulative frequency curve and use it to estimate the;
i) Pso-Peo range,
number of students who scored below 40%,
least mark if 20% of the students scored a distinction.
[Link] table below shows the consumer prices per unit of commodities A, B, C
and D in 2015 and 2017, with corresponding weights.
| Price in Shs.
Commodity | 2015 2017 _ | Weights
A 9000 11000 9
8 6000 7000 6
c % y 2
D 6000 8000 3
Given that the simple aggregate index and the cost-of-living index were 124
and 122.5 respectively in 2017 basing on 2015, find the values of x and y-
(05 marks)
(b) The table below show the items and quantities bought by a household in
2020 and 2022.
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 Item Price Price Weight
2020100 2022
Rice 12500 17500 12
Bread 4000 5500 20
Milk 2000 2500 15
Vegetables | 1200 1800 30
Fruits 6000 [7200 2s
Calculate the
()) simple aggregate price index
(ii) composite index
If the household spent shs 250,000/= in 2020, how much did it spend in
2022
21. The marks of 8 students in GP and ICT were as follows:
EE GP (x). 72 | 80 | 50 | 64 | 72| 56 | 50 | 60
[tet [78 | 79 | 65 | 60 [85 | 67 | 5a | 65
(a) Plot a scatter diagram for the data. Comment on the relationship
between the two tests.
(b) Draw a line of best fit for the scatter diagram and use it to find:
(i) x when y=70. (ii) ywhen x =55.
(c) Calculate the rank correlation coefficient for the scores in the two
tests. Comment on your result based on 1% level.
[Link] table below shows the weights in kg of 100 babies:
Weights 2.0 | 2.5 45 6.0 | 7.0 | 8.0
No ofbabies | 35 | 20| 20/10 [5 | 5
a) Calculate the mean, variance and median for the above data
‘Assuming this was a sample taken from a normal population, find the
97.5% confidence interval for the mean weight of all babies
23. Arandom variable X is normally distributed such that P(X < 81) = 0.8849
and P(X > 66) = 0.9641. Find:
a) the mean and standard deviation of X.
b) P(69 is the same.
b) Ifx = 4.96 and y = 2.243 were rounded off to the
given number of decimal places, calculate the:
(i) absolute error ing
(Gi)limits within which > is expected to lie, correct to
3 decimal places
27. By drawing graphs of y = e”* andy = 5x +1, on the same axes, show
that the equation e?*-5x-1 = 0 has a root between 0 and 1. Use
Newton Raphson Method to determine the root correct to 3 decimal
places.
[Link] iterative method for solving an equation is described by the following
parts of the flowchart:
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 (i) By rearranging the given parts, draw a flow
chart that shows the algorithm for the described
method.
(ii), Using N = 38 and xq = 2, perform a dry run for
the flow chart and state its purpose.
[Link] a flow chart that computes and prints the product of the first 7
natural numbers, Hence perform a dry run of your flow chart.
m * . « 1
30. a) Given the two iterative formulae Xqy = 282 and Yaya = [s +;
using X = 2.3 , deduce with a reason the more suitable formula, hence
give the root to 2dps
b) Use the trapezium rule with six ordinates to estimate fo= dx correct
to three decimal places.
(i) Find the exact value of {76 ax.
(ii) Calculate the percentage error made in your estimation in (a).
31.(a) The volume V of a cone can be calculated from the measurement of
radius, r and height, h where Av, Ar and Ah are errors in volume, radius and
height respectively. Show that the expression for the percentage error in
approximating its volume is given by
ig [| + [S]) x 2100 hence find the maximum percentage error in the
volume wherer = 3.4andh = 6.44.
(c) Given the numbers x,y and zasx = 4.25,y = 8.9 and
z = 3.289, find the range within which the exact value of
x2(z-x) lies.
vy
32.A certain function f(x) is such that (1.25) = 1.26 and
f-1(1,19) = 1.35. Use linear interpolation or extrapolation to (£41.22) (il) f(4.15)
[Link] bus charges over distances of 4km and 10km from town P are UGX 2800
and UGX 5800 respectively, Estimate the:
(i) charge that is worth 7km from P.
(ii) distance from P worth UGX 300.
(iii) travel refund when a ticket of 8km is cancelled to
skm.
34.(a) The table below is an extract from the table of Cos x°
x = 80° jo 10° 20' 30' 40'
Cosx |0.1736 [0.1708 |0.1679 [0.1650 | 0.1622
Find the;
(i) Cos 80° 36'
(ii) Cos~*(0.1685)
{b) Show that the equation Inx + x —2= (has a root between x =
1.5 and x = 1.6. Use linear interpolation thrice to determine the root of
the equation correct to 3 dps.
35.(i) Show that the iterative formula for finding the reciprocal of a
nat = Xn (2 —Am% ).
(ii) Draw a flow chart that reads A and the initial approximation X,,
number A is given by X.
computes and prints A and its reciprocal after 2 iterations and
gives it with an error of less than 0-0001.
(iii) Perform a dry run for your flow chart using A = 6 and x, = 2.
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 ‘MECHANICS
36. (a) A mass of 5kg is pulled u|
inclined at 20° to the horizontal. The angle of friction is 15° and the force
pulling the mass is 30N. Find the angle between the 30N and the line of
p at a Constant speed along a rough surface
greatest slope.
(b) A body of mass 30kg is fixed at the lower end of a light inextensible
string whose other side is fixed on a ceiling. A horizontal force, P and a
vertical force of 2.8 N keep the body in equilibrium with the string inclined
at 60° to the vertical. Find P and the tension in the string.
37, ABCDEF is a regular hexagon. Forces of 3.5N, 4N, 6N, 1.5N and 2N act
along the sides BC, AC, DA, AE and DE respectively with the direction of
the forces being indicated by the direction of letters. Find the;
a) magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
b) Equation of line of action of the resultant force and hence or
otherwise find where it cuts AB.
38. (a) A force F of magnitude 28N acts in the direction —i + V3 j. Show
that F = (-14i + 14v3/).
(b) Two forces A and B have magnitudes u and v and act in directions é —
j and i + j respectively. Given that the resultant of A and B is equal to F
in (a) above, show that “2 =,
39, Anon uniform rod AB of mass 12 kg has its Centre of gravity at a distance
of 2 AB. The rod is Smoothly hinged at A. It is maintained in equilibrium at
60° above the horizontal by a light inextensible string fixed at B and at 70°
to AB. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the reaction at A.
40. A particle of mass 2 kg is acted upon by a force F = 54t? i + 24t° j —
18t k where t is time. Initially, the particle is located at a point with
position vector (1, 0,0) m and moving with velocity (1,0, 1)ms~*.
(a) Determine its;
(i) distance from the origin after 2s.
(li) velocity at t = 1s.
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 (b) Show that the work done in the time interval t = 1s to t = 2s is equal
to the change in the Kinetic energy of the particle.
41. (a) Find the centre of gravity of the lamina shown below.
e yj :
a ar A
(b) If the lamina is suspended from 0, find the angle that OE makes with
the vertical.
42.a) An aircraft, at a height of 180m above horizontal ground and flying
horizontally with a speed of 70ms", releases emergency supplies. If these
supplies are to land at a specific point, at what horizontal distance from this
point must the aircraft release them?
b) A particle is projected vertically upwards with velocity ums” and after t
seconds another particle is projected vertically upwards from the same
point with the same initial velocity. Prove that they will meet at a height
of ia a
¢) Acar approaching a town covers two successive half-kilometers in 16
and 20 seconds respectively. Assuming the retardation is uniform. Find
the further distance the car runs before stopping.
43,At 4:00 pm, a battle ship is at a place with position vectors —6i + 12 km
and it is moving with a velocity16i — 4jkm/h. At 4:30 pm, a cruiser is ata
place with position vector 124 — 15/km and is moving with a velocity 84 +
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024 16jkm/[Link] that if these velocities are maintained, the ships will
collide. Find when and where the collision occurs.
44.A particle P is projected vertically upwards from a point 0 with a speed of
16ms*. At the same instant the second particle Q is projected horizontally
from point A .25m vertically above 0 with a speed of 12ms*. using i and j as
unit vectors in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. find
expressions for the position vectors of P and Q with respect to 0 at time t
after projection, hence find the least distance between the particles
(take g =10ms)
45.A car of mass 1200kg pulls a trailer of mass 300kg up a slope of 1 in 100
against a constant resistance of 0.2N_per kg. Given that the car moved at a
constant speed of 1.5ms* for 5 minutes, calculate the;
(i) tension in the tow bar.
(ii) work done by the car engine during this time
(iii) acar has an engine that can develop 15kw. If the maximum speed
of the car on a level road is 120kmh”, calculate the total
resistance at this speed.
END
NGS SEMINAR JUNE 2024
