Identity Through Culture

Personal and Cultural Expression

 Table of Contents
Content Page

Criterion A: Inquiring and Analysing 3-7

Explain and Justify the Need 3

Identify and Prioritise the Need 4-5

Analyse Existing Products 5-7

Develop a Design Brief 7

Criterion B: Developing Ideas 8-13

Develop a Design Specification 8-9

Develop Ideas 10-12

Present the Chosen Design 12-13

Criterion C: Creating the Solution 14-19

Construct a Logical Plan 14

Demonstrate Technical Skills 15

Follow the Plan to Make the Solution 16

Justify Changes Made to the Design 17

Images of Final Product 18-19

Criterion D: Evaluating 20-22

Design Testing Methods 20

Evaluate the Success of the Solution 21

Explain How the Solution can be 21

Improved

Explain the Impact of the Solution 22

Appendix 22-25
 Criterion A: Inquiring and Analysing
Explain and Justify the Need
Culture is the different characteristics and activities relating to how individuals within a
community think and act. In better words, culture is reflected by the norms and values, tradition,
festivals, music, food, etc. Personally, I belong to a rich south Asian culture having various
divisions depending on geographical locations. Culture in Pakistan is derived from four different
places: Punjab, Kashmir, Sindh and Mujahir. Punjabi culture is very unique and can be
expressed in many different ways varying from dances and poetry to food and language. Culture
has importance in everybody’s personality and it is a way you can exhibit your identity within a
community. For decades, clothing has played a vital role in culture. Clothing can display status
and can be used to celebrate an event. For example, if you are attending a wedding in Pakistan
then you would most probably be wearing a traditional shalwar kameez and a sherwani, but if
you are not attending a formal event, you do not need to wear a sherwani. For decades, food
has also played a big role in culture. Food is often used as a means of retaining their cultural
identity. People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods. It helps us to discover
attitudes, practices, and rituals surrounding food, it sheds light on our most basic beliefs about
ourselves and others.

Culture can be defined as all the ways of life which include arts, beliefs and institutions of a
population that are passed down from generation to generation. According to research, culture
has been called ‘the way of life for an entire society.’ As such, it includes codes of manners,
dress, language, religion, rituals and art. Everyone has a set of characteristics that relate to
them as people. This set of characteristics allows you to be definitively and uniquely
recognizable. Identity plays an important role in empowering individuals to exercise their rights
and responsibilities fairly and equitably in a modern society. Identity, like culture, is a
complicated concept, with people’s identities getting more complex through time as they interact
with various groups. Many elements influence identity, including the media, popular culture and
the increasing chances for social connection made possible by modern technology. Individuals
are increasingly identifying with numerous cultures and ancestries as a result of these reasons,
as well as globalisation, migration and inter-marriage amongst people of diverse cultural origins.
Identify and prioritise the research
Research Research Research Primary Research Secondary Justification
Area Question Method Research

How is culture Research on I will find reliable NA It will help me

displayed Internet websites on the understand food as a
through food? internet and find major element of
out information culture and how we
that answer the can share our aspects
research question with other
communities

To what extent Observation I will go to local NA Finding the answer to

does food areas where they this question will help
portray culture? serve food and me understand how
observe important food is in
culture

How did food Research I will find reliable NA The answer to this will
become websites on the tell me about how
cultural? internet and find long-ago food became
out information a part of culture and
that answer the how it became a part
research question of history

What is the Surveys I will make NA This question would

importance of surveys and help me understand
cultural food in distribute them the importance of
different and wait for the different cultural food
communities? response in a community

Client / How are the Surveys I will publish This will help me to
Audience individuals surveys online understand the impact
Research
 influenced by and wait for the cultural food can have
cultural food? responses on an individual

Aesthetic Are food Research I will research on This question will

aesthetics reliable website to help me understand
based on find information what the community
cultural aspects that can relate to thinks about culture
of a the question and how they thing
community? about food in a
cultural way

What effect do Observation I can go out to This question will help

the aesthetics places where me in understanding
of food have on food is being how a community will
a community? served and I can react to the aesthetics
see the different of food
reactions and
emotions that
different people of
a community will
have

Design What is the QnA After people eat

Technicali impact of the food, I will ask
ties ingredients on them about the
the taste of the impact of the
food? ingredients on the
taste of the food

What is the
impact of the
presentation of
the food
Analyse Existing Products
Before I started to create and design my own product, I decided to look at and analyse
other sources such as websites, cookbooks and blogs that reviewed different recipes
and dishes from South Asian cuisine. I used the SWOT analysis technique to examine
and review a website, blog and a cookbook.

Website

Strengths: The website being analysed is by the name of seriouseats.com and it is

giving the various recipes of different dishes from the South Asian cuisine. The
strengths of this website is that it is easily accessible and easy to navigate.

Weaknesses: The weakness of the website is the fact that it contains a limited
amount of information

Opportunities: The website creates the opportunity of enhancing writing and

communication skills

Threats: The threat is the fact that the website can be stolen from another source
A Cookbook
Strengths: Grammar used in the text is not too advanced but
not too primitive which means that it can be understood by
everyone and it is not so simple that it would look bad

Weaknesses: More recipes could have been explored and

the method could have more detail

Opportunities: The cookbooks creates an opportunity for

income as it can be sold to people.

Threats: The threat created by the cookbook is that the

information can be same as someone else's which would leave
them room to take an action to take this cookbook down

Blog

Strengths: The strength of the blog is that it is

easy to access and it has many recipes.

Weaknesses: The weakness of the blog

analysed is the fact that the methods of
preparation have not been written about in detail.

Opportunities: The blog creates an

opportunity to help spread information about
different recipes of different cuisines to people.
Developing a design brief
The main problem that has been identified is that there is a lack of cultural diversity that
exists in our world. One of the cultures that is least practised and known around the
world is the culture of Pakistan. Pakistan’s culture is expressed in many ways that range
from tradition, music, food, clothing and even festivals. All these aspects of Pakistani
culture are not very well-known around the world and since I personally belong to a rich
South Asian culture, I decided to create a solution that would allow other people to be
able to experience the rich culture of South Asia or more specifically, Pakistan.
After conducting a thorough research on the Internet I was able to find out the most
famous dishes of South Asian cuisine. After I found out this information I decided to look
into their history and find out when and why they were first made. Information about the
ingredients that are needed to make the dishes were also researched and compared
with other websites in order to make sure it is credible. After the ingredients were found,
I scoured the Internet to find the traditional methods of preparation for each of the
dishes.
After a thorough research that I had conducted on the Internet I was able to find out the
traditional recipe that is used for the three dishes that I have chosen which are: biryani,
nihari and pulao and I will now share the same recipes for each of the dishes. From all
the results that I gathered from the Internet I was able to conclude that biryani is an
intricate rice dish that is made with layers of meat and rice. This is a special dish that is
enjoyed by many across the world but is most vastly produced and consumed in the
Southern part of the Asian continent. I will be creating a cookbook having a collection of
top south asian dishes. The cook book will contain a list of ingredients used, steps to be
followed, and presenting the final product along with some facts related to each recipe
included. The recipes for the biryani, nihari and the pulao will be added to the cookbook.
 Criterion B: Developing Ideas
Develop a design specification
Audience
Specification Possible Ways of Execution
Non- Pakistanis Meeting people at the airport at the international
arrivals area

Aesthetics
Specification Possible Ways of Execution
Food should look A mixture of spices will be added that will an
presentable and should
smell appealing

Functionality
Specification Possible Ways of Execution
The function of the The different dishes were researched about in
cookbook is to inform detail and the information regarding the ingredients
others of the different and the methods of preparation were researched
dishes that belong to South and compared with other websites to improve
Asian cuisine. Along with credibility
the names of the dishes,
given are also the
ingredients needed to
make the dishes and also
the methods of preparation

Graphic Designing/ Desktop Publishing

Specification Possible Ways of Execution
The cookbook was All research will be conducted and will be compiled
designed through the use on ‘PowerPoint’. The ingredients and preparation
of Microsoft software methods will be taken from trusted sources and will
‘PowerPoint’. It will finally be put into the cookbook.
be shown in the form of a
cookbook, not a
presentation. The literature
does not consist of
advanced grammar which
makes it easily
understandable by
everyone. There are a total
of 45 slides and a total of 9
recipes that are added to
the cookbook.

Develop Ideas
Design 1
In order to choose a final solution, a number of
design ideas needed to be developed and reviewed
in a manner in which their positives and negatives
were given and there was information about how
the solution would be, in detail. The first design
idea that was developed is to make a cookbook
containing only healthy dishes and recipes. The
cover page would say Healthy Dishes of South
Asia and there would be a picture included below
which shows some examples of South Asian
dishes. The first few recipes would be for different
salads, and there would be information about the
ingredients that are needed and also the method of
preparation. The first type of salad would be a
green salad which would contain mostly green
vegetables. The second type would be a pasta
salad which would include all the ingredients of a
normal salad but it would also contain pasta. The
last salad dish would be mixed salads that include
meat or any type of poultry and it would contain the
ingredients of a regular salad with the only
difference being that this salad would contain more
sauce than normal and it would be topped with
some chicken. The next few dishes would be dishes that contain seeds, beans or any
wholegrain ingredients. The main problem with this idea would be that people would not
be as attracted to it as they would not prefer to make healthy dishes.
Design 2
The next step is creating and choosing the
final design of the solution to make another
option for what the final creation could be. The
second design for the cookbook was to fill it
with any dish that resides in the Asian culture
which is a very broad spectrum and would
make it difficult to identify and choose the
different dishes which I would put in the
cookbook. In order to conduct this idea for the
cookbook, I would need to do heavy and
intense research that would help me single out
and be able to identify what the most famous
dishes are of the entire continent of Asia. The
dishes chosen would most probably be from
China, Japan and Pakistan. This narrows
down the option a lot more as compared to
before but there are still too many options to
choose a dish from. I see this as a negative
point regarding this design of the cookbook. I
would have to do an intense amount of
research to find out the most famous dishes
that reside from China, Japan and Pakistan.
Once I have identified the most famous
dishes, I would then take out the ingredients
that are necessary and also the method of preparation. The dishes that I would include
from China would be ‘Kung Pao Chicken’, chicken stuffed dumplings and lastly dim
sum. The dishes from Japan would be sushi, onigiri (rice balls) and a dish that is known
in Japan as washoku which is a dish that is made up of four elements: cooked rice,
soups and 2 different side dishes to go with the rice. And lastly the dishes from Pakistan
would be nihari, biryani and pulao.
Design 3
The final design to create the solution of this project
would be a cookbook that consists of dishes that
are only from South Asia. In order to start the
process of creating this cookbook I would firstly
need to choose a software that I would make the
cookbook on. Once I have chosen the software on
which I will create the cookbook, I would then need
to start the research and gather information on
what the most famous/ common cultural dishes of
South Asia are. After finding some answers and
choosing some options as to what dishes I would
add into the cookbook, I will then compile it all into
a word document and separate all the information
by headings of the dishes. After finalising and
gathering all the information, I can then begin to
add it to the software in which I will be making the
cookbook. The first thing that people would see is
the cover page with the heading, Cultural Dishes of
South Asia and underneath this there will be a few
pictures of the different dishes that are related to
the culture of South Asia. The main dishes that will
be chosen are biryani, nihari and pulao. I will also
add three different methods of preparation for these
three dishes. Before presenting the recipes and ingredients necessary for these dishes I
will give a brief history of them which would have the purpose of grabbing the readers’
attention and also giving them some information which they did not know of before.

Present the chosen design

I have chosen the third design option. The design I have chosen to present the dishes
and recipes of South Asian cuisine are in the form of a cookbook. The cookbook starts
off with a title page with images of the dishes present in South Asian cuisine. A table of
contents is given to help navigate through the cookbook in an easier manner and next
the purpose of the cookbook is told and the link between culture and identity is
explained. After this information has been conveyed, information of the dishes is then
shared, first you will read the history of the different respective dishes and then you will
be able to see the ingredients necessary for the creation of the dish and also the
methods of preparation. There are three basic dishes that are explored but these dishes
can be made in different ways, so there are three sub-recipes for each dish.

Features of my design
● Have a clear cover page with a title
● Contains table of contents to help the user navigate through the cookbook
● List of ingredients is available on a separate page
● Methods of preparation is given in a clear and understandable format
● Related images for the final presentation is also available
 Criterion C: Creating the Solution
Construct a logical plan
My plan to finish this project is very simple but the day that I will set for the plan will be a
hectic one. My final product is the cultural food of Pakistan, and I will be cooking the
dishes at home by myself. The first step of the plan is to gather all the ingredients. I will
do this around a week before the due date of the product. The second step is to make a
small and brief cookbook that will explain to people the general information about
culture and how culture is expressed. After they have read this information, they will see
the other side of the cookbook that will tell them specifically about Pakistani culture. I
will then hand them the cookbook and ask them to read the initial pages so that they will
have information about the problem and then underneath that they will be able to read
information regarding my solution to the problem.

Ste Aspects to be accomplished Time required

p
No.
1 Cookbook needs to be made 4 hours
2 Different websites need to be observed 1 hour
3 A word document will be created 5 minutes
4 Accurate information needs to be found 4 hours
5 Information needs to be observed carefully 3 hours
6 All information needs to compiled in a word document 1 hour
7 Research needs to be done regarding all the recipes 1 hour
of the different dishes
8 Research authentic recipes 2-3 days
9 The corrects ingredients and preparation steps need 2 days
to be noted down
10 Drafting designs for the cookbook 1 day
11 Making of cover page 2 hours
12 Creating table of contents 60 minutes
13 Taking images for the cookbook 30 minutes
14 Use of Canva and Illustrator to create the cover page 30 minutes
15 Writing an introduction for the cookbook 1 hour
16 Adding recipes to the cookbook 2 days
17 Designing page layout for the recipe i.e. the 1.5 hours
positioning of the list of ingredient, preparation
process and the images
18 Compiling all the selected recipes within the 1 hour
cookbook
19 Proof reading to omit any errors 1 hour
20 Printing the final version of the cookbook -
Demonstrate technical skills when making the solution
Since the main and final product regarding this eportfolio will be a combination of three
dishes and a cookbook to present information, there will be a considerate use of
technology that will be necessary while making the solution. While the solution is in
progress, the contribution of technology will be very less and will be limited to taking
pictures of the process of making the dishes. Throughout the entire process of making
the solution, technology will be used but only to a certain extent and it will mostly be
used in order to conduct research. Technology will also be used during the process of
me making the cookbook. A cookbook will be made that will explain to people, the
general information about culture and how culture is expressed. After they have read
this information, they will see the other side of the cookbook that will tell them
specifically about Pakistani culture and the recipes for different South Asian dishes. I
will then hand them a piece of paper that will have information about the problem and
then underneath that they will be able to read information regarding my solution to the
problem. In order to get all the information for the cookbook a lot of research will need to
be conducted. I will conduct this research and visit multiple, reliable websites. A lot of
websites will need to be reviewed so that I am able to verify all the information that has
been given. The information that makes the most sense in a real-life context and the
information that is repeated multiple times in the majority of the websites will be the
point of view that is true. This is the method I will use in order to verify all the information
that will be going in the cookbook.
The text that is written above will tell you information of how I will use technology in
order to gather and verify information that will eventually be going into a report. But
technology will not only be used for researching information for the cookbook,
technology will also be used in order to gather information regarding the recipes of all
three of the dishes. Research will be done in order to find out what the three most
famous/ common Pakistani dishes are; after I have reviewed all the given information
about the most common dishes of the Pakistani cuisine, I will choose at least three
options from the many given and I will research about these dishes. I will conduct
research about the components/ ingredients of the dish and I will also research about
the history of the dishes. This will give me a viable and sufficient amount of information
that is necessary in order to complete the report and also be enough to give people
some background information regarding the dishes that are made and this could
generate and build their interest. The two paragraphs that are written above explain how
and why technology is used regarding the completion of the solution. They also talk
about how my technical skills have been improved.
Follow the plan to create the solution
Information regarding the plan has been given above and is in the form of a table which
makes it easily understandable and more readable.
The first step that needs to be accomplished is the creation of the cookbook and in
order to start making the cookbook, research needs to be started in order to gather
information. When the research is started I will need to observe and analyse different
websites from which I will take the information. A word document will then be created
which will contain all the information gathered from the research. All information that is
found needs to be accurate and in order for this aspect to be accomplished, the
information will have to be taken from trustworthy sources. All the information that is
found needs to be observed very carefully to ensure that the information is true and
accurate. After all the information is found it will then be compiled into a word document.
The next step is to conduct research regarding all the recipes of the different dishes.
While doing the research I need to ensure that I collect and research authentic recipes.
It is extremely important to make sure that the correct ingredients and the steps for the
preparation are noted down. The next step is to make a draft of designs for the
cookbook and then start off by making the cover page of the cookbook. After the cover
page it is necessary to create and add a table of contents to the cookbook. After the
table of contents it is compulsory to take some images to add to the cookbook and I will
use Canva and Illustrator in order to create the cover page. To start writing in the
cookbook, I will first write an introduction for the cookbook which will introduce the main
idea of the cookbook and what its purpose is. After writing the introduction I will go back
to the word document I had initially created in which I noted all the recipes of the dishes
and the ingredients that are necessary to make those dishes and I will put all that
information into the cookbook. After adding the recipes to the cookbook, I will then
design a page layout for the recipes i.e the positioning of the list of ingredients, methods
of preparation, the process and the images.
The plan to complete the solution is given in the form of different steps and when these
steps have been analysed, it will be easily understandable what my solution is and what
will be the steps I will take in order to finish the solution.
Justify changes made to the design
When I had first started to think of and make a solution, my initial idea was to make a
cookbook which contained the recipes of different dishes of Pakistan. After further
progression in the research that I conducted, I was able to deduce that actually making
the dishes would be better and they would help in expressing Pakistan’s culture. I
thought that making a cookbook would not help people to understand Pakistan’s culture
and after I had committed some time to properly evaluate and analyze this idea, I
deduced that it would be a lot better to actually make the dishes for people to try on the
spot. If they are able to actually try the dishes on the spot then it would mean that they
would actually be able to experience and enjoy the culture of Pakistan. If I did not make
these changes to my solution, then there would be no point in going through all the
effort to finalize the solution because even if I was to make the cookbook, people would
most probably skim through it and not properly read the information given in the
cookbook and this would result in them not properly grasping the problem and they
would not be able to understand how the solution that I have created, solves the
problem.
(Images of the final product: cookbook)
 Criterion D: Evaluating
Design testing methods to generate data to measure the
success of the solution
In order to prove the effectiveness and successfulness of the solution, it needs to be
tested through the use of different methods that will be used to generate data; this data
is what will determine if the solution is successful and it will also inform us as to what
extent the solution is successful.
The first method that can be used to determine the successfulness of this solution is
through a survey.
I have made a survey on google forms that will be given to others on the day of
exhibition and it will be compulsory to answer all the questions. The first question states,
did you have any pre-existing knowledge about the culture of Pakistan. I have put this
question in the survey because it would help me to understand if people were either
able to understand the information that I was giving them or it would tell me that they
already had a significant amount of knowledge regarding the culture of Pakistan. Next, I
asked if the cultural food that I had prepared was aesthetically pleasing and I had asked
this so I could determine if the food I prepared had a positive or a negative impact on
the people who tried it. I have also added a question in which I asked why they think
that the food was aesthetically displeasing and what improvements can be made. I
asked the people if they were able to gain any knowledge about the culture of Pakistan
so that I could determine if my solution was successful or not in conveying information
about the Pakistani culture. This would help me understand if my solution was
successful or not and if it was successful, to what extent. The main way that I would be
able to gain information to determine whether my solution is successful is through the
use of surveys and through data that is compiled from feedback that is received.
Evaluate the success of the solution
The main problem that has been identified is that there is a lack of cultural diversity that
exists in our world. One of the cultures that is least practised and known around the
world is the culture of Pakistan. Pakistan’s culture is expressed in many ways that range
from tradition, music, food, clothing and even festivals. All these aspects of Pakistani
culture are not very well-known around the world and since I personally belong to a rich
South Asian culture, I decided to create a solution that would allow other people to be
able to experience the rich culture of South Asia or more specifically, Pakistan. My
solution is to make cultural food, and since I am a representative of the South Asian
culture of Pakistan, I decided to make cultural Pakistani food. I made three dishes; the
first cultural dish is called biryani. There are approximately 26 different types of biryanis
that exist and they all have different methods for their preparation. The type of biryani
that I will be making will be the traditional Hyderabadi type of biryani and I will be using
the method of preparation known as ‘pakki’. ‘Pakki’ Is when both the cooked meat and
the parboiled rice are steamed together. In Pakistan the most common method in which
the biryani is prepared is the ‘pakki’ method. ‘Pakki’ is an Urdu word which in English is
translated to cooked. The second cultural dish that I made is nihari; there is only one
type of nihari as the gravy or masala stays the same but you can change the meat to
either beef, chicken or goat. Nihari is a rich, slow-cooked meat stew that I flavoured with
spices and thickened with ‘atta’ which in English is translated to whole wheat flour.
Generally, nihari is made with beef but it can also be prepared by using goat meat or
even chicken. The main thing about the nihari is its curry. The last dish I made is called
pulao. Pulao is a famous traditional Pakistani dish and is enjoyed by many people.
Pulao may not be as famous and well-known as biryani, but it holds a certain
significance. Pulao is a tasty and flavorful dish that is a mix of meat, rice and various
aromatic whole spices. The success of my solution can only be determined after I have
received feedback on the survey.

Explain how the solution could be improved

The layout of the cookbook can be changed in order to help the readers identify
different sections easily. I believe a one page recipe could be used that includes
ingredients, steps for preparation and the presentation along with the images.
This will help the user during the cooking time as they won’t have to switch between the
pages while going through other hassles in the kitchen. This can also prevent any
accidents and this will be easy to pin as well.
Explain the impact of the solution
My product has a very big impact on the target audience because it was able to carry
out its main purpose which is to inform others about the rich and enjoyable cultural
recipes of south asia. The problem is the fact that there is a lack of cultural diversity
around the world and since I cannot talk and represent all the different cultures that
exist around the world, I had to choose only one. I chose the culture that represented
my place of origin. Since I was born here, I felt that it was my obligation to represent the
culture of my country and express my identity through my chosen solution. My cook
book can help people understand the history of different south asian cuisines and this
can help develop their taste to experience and the rich cultural recipes included.
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