ELECTRICAL MACHINES 4
TUTORIAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT AND PHASOR DIAGRAM
Question 1 Exact equivalent circuit
A 6-pole, 230 V, 60 Hz, Y-connected, three-phase induction motor has the following parameters on a
per phase basis: R1= 0.5 Ω, R2’ = 0.25 Ω, X1 = 0.75 Ω, X2’ = 0.5 Ω, Xm = I 00 Ω, and Rc = 500 Ω. The
friction and windage losses are 150 W. Using the motor rated slip of 2.5 % and the exact equivalent
circuit, determine:
(a) The Stator current per phase.
(b) The Rotor current per phase.
(c) The total input power, total stator copper losses, total core losses, total air-gap power, total
developed power, total rotor copper losses and total output power.
(d) The efficiency, total induced torque, total output torque and power factor of the machine.
Question 2 Approximate equivalent circuit and Phasor diagram
The 415 V, three-phase, 50 Hz, star-connected induction motor has the following per-
phase equivalent circuit parameters: R1 = 1 Ω, X1 = 3 Ω, Xm = 60 Ω, Rc = 240 Ω, R2′ = 1 Ω,
X2′ = 2 Ω. Using the final per-phase equivalent circuit of the machine, calculate the current
drawn from the supply, and draw a diagram showing the flow of real power through the
machine when running with a slip of 5 per cent. The friction and windage losses in the
machine are 200 W. Calculate the efficiency of the motor and draw the phasor diagram of
the motor.
Question 3 Tests and Measurements
The following measurements were taken on a 5 hp, four-pole, 208 V, three-phase, 60 Hz, star-
connected induction motor.
No load test Locked rotor test DC test
(60 Hz) (15 Hz)
Voltage (V) 208 35 20
Current (A) 4 12 25
Three-phase power (W) 250 450
The friction and windage losses can be neglected. Determine the full per-phase equivalent
circuit parameters of the induction motor.
Question 4 Tests and Measurements
The following measurements were taken on a 3-phase 400V star-connected induction motor.
Resistance measured between two stator terminals is 0.2Ω.
No load test Locked rotor test
Voltage (V) 400 45
Current (A) 18.5 63
Three-phase power (W) 1770 2700
Friction and windage losses 600
Determine the full per-phase equivalent circuit parameters of the induction motor.
ELECTRICAL MACHINES 4
TUTORIAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT AND PHASOR DIAGRAM
Question 5 Modes of operation of an Induction Machine
A 440 V, three-phase, 8-pole, 50 Hz, star-connected induction machine has a stator impedance of
(0.1 + j0.5) Ω and a rotor impedance of (0.1 + j0.5) Ω, referred to the stator. The mechanical losses
(friction and windage) are to be taken as 1.0 kW. The resistance representing core losses is 100 Ω
and the magnetising reactance is 20 Ω. Using the approximate equivalent circuit, calculate the output
power at speeds of 0, 720, 780 and -720 rpm; positive speed taken as in the direction of the rotating
field. Take the mechanical losses to be constant at all speeds other than zero, where it is zero too.
