ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET – 1

CHAPTER – 1

MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

1. Fill in the blanks

a. The process of ________ causes cooling.

b. The process of cooling glass is known as ____.

c. Liquids have no fixed ______ but have fixed _____.

d. ____ exists in all three states of matter.

e. Carbon dioxide is a white solid called _____ at temperature below ______.

2. State True or False

a. Evaporation of water is a bulk phenomenon.

b. Diffusion takes place in haphazard and random way.

c. SI unit of pressure is Pascal.

d. A gas is highly incompressible fluid.

e. Solids and liquids can be identified from their characteristic melting and boiling points.

3. Zig-zag movement of the solute particle in a solution is known as

(a) Linear motion

(b) Circular motion

(c) Brownian motion

(d) Curved motion.

4. Gases can be liquified by

(a) increasing pressure

(b) decreasing temperature

(c) both (a) and (b)

(d) decreasing pressure

5. Density of a substance is defined as

(a) ratio of mass and volume

(b) product of mass and volume

(c) ratio of mass and temperature

(d) product of mass and temperature

6. Which of the following is not matter

(a) Blood

(b) Humidity

(c) Electron

(d) Moon rock

7. Which is more effective in cooling?

(a) Ice at 0° C

(b) Water at 0° C

(c) Water at 100° C

(d) Ice at 100° C

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8. 0° C temperature is equal to

(a) 0 K

(b) 273 K

(c) -273 K

(d) 300 K

9. The process involving the change of state from solid to gas is called

(a) melting

(b) boiling

(c) sublimation

(c) fusion

10. A solid has

(a) definite volume and no definite shape

(b) no definite volume no definite shape

(c) definite shape and volume

(d) definite shape but no definite volume

11. A liquid has

(a) definite volume and no definite shape

(b) no definite volume no definite shape

(c) definite shape and volume

(d) definite shape but no definite volume

12. A gas has

(a) definite volume and no definite shape

(b) no definite volume no definite shape

(c) definite shape and volume

(d) definite shape but no definite volume

13. Which of the following is NOT a property of particles of a matter?

(a) The particles of matter are extremely small

(b) The particles of matter have spaces between them.

(c) The particles of matter are in stationery state.

(d) The particles of matter attract each other.

14. Which of the following has minimum spaces among the particles?

(a) Solids

(b) Liquids

(c) Gases

(d) None of these

15. During summer, water kept in an earthen pot becomes cool because of the phenomenon of

(a) diffusion

(b) transpiration

(c) osmosis

(d) evaporation

16. Rate of diffusion is the fastest in

(a) Solids

(b) Liquids

(c) Gases

(d) None of these

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17. Thermal conduction takes places in

(a) solids only

(b) liquids only

(c) gases only

(d) solids, liquids and gases.

18. Evaporation always causes

(a) thermal expansion

(b) Liquification

(c) Cooling down

(d) all of these

19. A change of state directly from solid to gas without changing into liquid state (or
vice versa) is called

(a) Evalopartion

(b) Sublimation

(c) Diffusion

(d) Condensation

20. The rate of evaporation decreases with

(a) increase in humidity

(b) increase of temperature

(c) increase in wind speed

(d) increase of surface area

21. Expand CNG and LPG.

22. Arrange the following substances in increasing order of force of attraction between the
particles. (i) milk (ii) salt (iii) oxygen

23. Why is sponge a solid though compressible?

24. Write one important characteristic of matter.

25. Why does a desert cooler cool better in a hot dry day?

26. Convert: (a) 25°C into kelvin scale (b) 500 K into celsius scale

27. Why does the smell of hot sizzling food reach you several metres away but to get the smell
from cold food you have to go close?

28. What is the term used for change of solid state to liquid state?

29. Name the temperature at which solid and liquid states of matter can coexist.

30. Define evaporation.

31. "The wool being knitted into a sweater is a physical change." Justify the statement.

32. Mention two ways to liquefy atmospheric gases.

33. What is the value of boiling point of water on Kelvin Scale of temperature?

34. What is dry ice?

35. (a) Dry ice is compressed at high pressure. What happens when pressure is released?

(b) Suggest a method to liquefy atmospheric gases.

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36. (a) The melting points of 2 substances A & B are 280 K and 320 K respectively. Are these
substances liquid at room temperature? Justify your answer.

(b) Give an example that shows the state of matter can be changed into another state by
changing the temperature.

37. How will you show that matter is composed of tiny particles?

38. Define (i) Latent heat of fusion and (ii) latent heat of vapourisation.

39. Explain how the following factors affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid:

(i) temperature of the liquid.

(ii) area of the exposed surface.

(iii) moisture in the surrounding air.

(iv) increase in wind speed.

40. When a bottle of scent is opened in one corner of a room, it immediately spreads
throughout the room. What property of matter is responsible for this observation? Explain.

41. (a) Conversion of solid to vapour is called sublimation. Name the term used to denote the
conversion of vapour to solid.

(b) Conversion of solid state to liquid state is called fusion; what is meant by latent heat
of fusion?

42. Both boiling and evaporation convert a liquid into vapours. What is the difference
between the two processes?

43. A sample of water under study was found to boil at 102°C at normal pressure. Is
the water pure? Will this water freeze at 0°C? Comment.

44. Why does the temperature of a substance remain constant during its [Link]. or boiling
point?

45. Answer the following questions:

(i) Arrange the following substances in increasing order of force of attraction between
the particles.
(i) water (ii) hydrogen (iii) sand
 (ii) Why does the temperature remain constant at the melting point?

(iii) Which property of gases makes it possible to fill large volume of gases in
small cylinders?

46. Answer the following questions:

(a) Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature?

(b) Name the two gases which are supplied in compressed form in homes and hospitals.

47. You want to wear your favourite shirt to a party but the problem is that it is still wet after
a wash. What steps would you take to dry it fast?

48. Give reasons:

(a) Steam produces more severe burns than boiling water.

(b) We are able to sip hot tea faster from a saucer rather than from a cup.

(c) Water kept in an earthen pot becomes cool during summer.

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49. Why do cotton clothes suit best in summer?

50. Classify the following into osmosis and diffusion:

(a) Swelling up of a resin on keeping in water.

(b) Spreading of virus on sneezing.

(c) Earthworm dying on coming in contact with common salt.

(d) Shrinking of grapes kept in thick sugar syrup.

(e) Preserving pickles in salt.

(f) Aquatic animals using oxygen dissolved in water during respiration.

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 ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET – 2

CHAPTER – 1

MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

1. What is a matter?

2. Sodium chloride and sugar have same appearance. Are they same or different?

3. All substances around us are alike. How?

4. How can we say that air is a matter?

5. State the characteristics of matter?

6. What are the intensive properties of matter?

7. What are the extensive properties of matter?

8. State the characteristics of particles of matter.

9. What is the effect of temperature on a matter?

10. The smell of hot sizzling food reaches us several metres away. Why?

11. What is diffusion?

12. If a bottle of perfume is opened in one corner of a room, it immediately spreads

throughout the room. Why?

13. Name the three states of matter with examples.

14. State the characteristics of solids.

15. What are the characteristics of liquids?

16. What are the characteristics of gases?

17. What are fluids?

18. Which of the following substances is most compressible?CO2, H2O, NaCl.

19. Which property of a gas results in steady pressure of the gas ?

20. In which of the following substances, weakest inter molecular force is expected:
H2O, CH3OH,

21. One gas mixes with another gas easily. What is this property called ?

22. Describe briefly (i) Melting point and (ii) Boiling point.

23. How would you find out whether a sample of sodium chloride is pure or impure ?

24. How will you find out whether a sample of water is pure or impure ?

25. Why do solids have a fixed shape and gases have neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume?

26. What is Vaporization ?

27. What is Sublimation ?

28. What is Condensation ?

29. What is Deposition ?

30. What is Liquefaction ?

31. What is Solidification ?

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32. What is difference between vapour and gas.

33. Why do the three states of matter differ ?

34. Why does the temperature remain constant until whole of the solid changes into
liquid, though the heat energy is constantly supplied ?

35. Why does the temperature remain constant during boiling though heat is
constantly supplied ?

36. Why does a gas fill a vessel completely ?

37. How does the state of matter changes from solid to liquid and then to gas on heating ?

38. Why evaporation is called surface phenomenon?

39. List two processes from which it may be concluded that the particles of a gas
move continuously.

40. At what temperature does solid ice and liquid water co-exist together?

41. What is common among the three states of matter?

42. Which property of gas is used in supplying oxygen cylinders to hospitals?

43. A substance x was highly compressible and could easily be liquefied. it could also take
the shape of the container. Predict the nature of the substance

44. What is the state of water at 100 degree celsius, zero degree celsius and 4 degree celsius?

45. Can a liquid turn into vapor without heating?

46. What do you mean by Latent heat of Fusion?

47. What is compressibility? How it is negligible in solids?

48. Two cubes of ice are pressed hard between two palms. After releasing the pressure,
the cubes join together. Why?

49. Explain why ice has lower density than water?

50. Give one similarity between a liquid and a gas and one dissimilarity.

51. What property of gas is utilized when natural gas is supplied for vehicles.
52. What are ‘intermolecular forces’? How are these related to the three states of matter ?

53. Separate the following substances in groups of high and low intermolecular force:
Ice, sulphur vapour, nitrogen, sugar, copper, air, salt, plastic.

54. Which of the following substances you expect strongest and in which weakest
intermolecular force: Water, alcohol, sugar, sodium chloride, carbon dioxide.

55. Why are gases compressible but liquids not ?

56. Compare the process of boiling and vaporization.

57. How is pressure developed in a container full of a gas ?

58. What are the applications of interconversion of states of matter ?

59. What happens to a gas if its inter molecular space is reduced ?

60. Explain how lumps of ice are more effective cooling than water at 273K.

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 ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET – 3

CHAPTER – 1

MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

1. Conversion of solid to vapour is called sublimation. Name the term used to denote the
conversion of vapour to solid.

2. Conversion of solid state to liquid state is called fusion; what is meant by latent heat of
fusion?

3. Fill in the blanks:

(a) Evaporation of a liquid at room temperature leads to a——— effect.

(b) At room temperature the forces of attraction between the particles of solid
substances are———than those which exist in the gaseous state.

(c) The arrangement of particles is less ordered in the ——— state. However, there is no
order in the ——— state.
(d) ——— is the change of gaseous state directly to solid state without going through the

———state.

(e) The phenomenon of change of a liquid into the gaseous state at any temperature

below its boiling point is called———.

4. Match the physical quantities given in column A to their S I units given in column B :

(A) (B)

(a) Pressure (i) cubic metre

(b) Temperature (ii) kilogram

(c) Density (iii) pascal

 (d) Mass (iv) kelvin

(e) Volume (v) kilogram per cubic metre

5. The non S I and S I units of some physical quantities are given in column A and column B

respectively. Match the units belonging to the same physical quantity:

(A) (B)

(a) degree celsius (i) kilogram

(b) centimetre (ii) pascal

(c) gram per centimetre cube (iii) metre

(d) bar (iv) kelvin

(e) milligram (v) kilogram per metre cube

6. Classify the following into osmosis/diffusion

(a) Swelling up of a raisin on keeping in water.

(b) Spreading of virus on sneezing.

(c) Earthworm dying on coming in contact with common salt.

(d) Shrinking of grapes kept in thick sugar syrup.

(e) Preserving pickles in salt.

(f) Spreading of smell of cake being baked through out the house.

(g) Aquatic animals using oxygen dissolved in water during respiration.

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7. Which one of the following sets of phenomena would increase on raising the
temperature?

(a) Diffusion, evaporation, compression of gases

(b) Evaporation, compression of gases, solubility

(c) Evaporation, diffusion, expansion of gases

(d) Evaporation, solubility, diffusion, compression of gases

8. Seema visited a Natural Gas Compressing Unit and found that the gas can be liquefied
under specific conditions of temperature and pressure. While sharing her experience with
friends she got confused. Help her to identify the correct set of conditions

(a) Low temperature, low pressure

(b) High temperature, low pressure

(c) Low temperature, high pressure

(d) High temperature, high pressure

9. The property to flow is unique to fluids. Which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) Only gases behave like fluids

(b) Gases and solids behave like fluids

(c) Gases and liquids behave like fluids

(d) Only liquids are fluids

10. During summer, water kept in an earthen pot becomes cool because of the phenomenon
of

(a) diffusion

(b) transpiration

(c) osmosis

(d) evaporation

11. A few substances are arranged in the increasing order of ‘forces of attraction’ between
their particles. Which one of the following represents a correct arrangement?

(a) Water, air, wind

(b) Air, sugar, oil

 (c) Oxygen, water, sugar

(d) Salt, juice, air

12. On converting 25°C, 38°C and 66°C to kelvin scale, the correct sequence of temperature
will be

(a) 298 K, 311 K and 339 K

(b) 298 K, 300 K and 338 K

(c) 273 K, 278 K and 543 K

(d) 298 K, 310 K and 338 K

13. The boiling points of diethyl ether, acetone and n-butyl alcohol are 35°C, 56°C and 118°C
respectively. Which one of the following correctly represents their boiling points in kelvin
scale?

(a) 306 K, 329 K, 391 K

(b) 308 K, 329 K, 392 K

(c) 308 K, 329 K, 391 K

(d) 329 K, 392 K, 308 K

14. Which condition out of the following will increase the evaporation of water?

(a) Increase in temperature of water

(b) Decrease in temperature of water

(c) Less exposed surface area of water

(d) Adding common salt to water

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15. Choose the correct statement of the following

(a) conversion of solid into vapours without passing through the liquid state is called
vapourisation.
(b) conversion of vapours into solid without passing through the liquid state is called
sublimation.
(c) conversion of vapours into solid without passing through the liquid state is called
freezing.
(d) conversion of solid into liquid is called sublimation.

16. In which of the following conditions, the distance between the molecules of hydrogen gas
would increase?

(i) Increasing pressure on hydrogen contained in a closed container

(ii) Some hydrogen gas leaking out of the container
(iii) Increasing the volume of the container of hydrogen gas

(iv) Adding more hydrogen gas to the container without increasing the volume of the
container
(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (i) and (iv)

(c) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

17. A student heats a beaker containing ice and water. He measures the temperature of the
content of the beaker as a function of time. Which of the following graph would correctly
represent the result? Justify your choice.

18. A glass tumbler containing hot water is kept in the freezer compartment of a refrigerator
(temperature < 0°C). If you could measure the temperature of the content of the tumbler,
which of the following graphs would correctly represent the change in its temperature as
a function of time.
19. A sample of water under study was found to boil at 102°C at normal temperature and
pressure. Is the water pure? Will this water freeze at 0°C? Comment.

20. ‘Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion’. Comment.

21. Water as ice has a cooling effect, whereas water as steam may cause severe burns. Explain
these observations.
22. Alka was making tea in a kettle. Suddenly she felt intense heat from the puff of steam gushing out of the
spout of the kettle. She wondered whether the temperature of the steam was higher than that of the
water boiling in the kettle. Comment.

23. Look at below figure and suggest in which of the vessels A,B, C or D the rate of evaporation will be the
highest? Explain.

24. You are provided with a mixture of naphthalene and ammonium chloride by your teacher. Suggest an
activity to separate them with well labelled diagram.

25. It is a hot summer day, Priyanshi and Ali are wearing cotton and nylon clothes respectively. Who do you
think would be more comfortable and why?

26. You want to wear your favourite shirt to a party, but the problem is that it is still wet after a wash. What
steps would you take to dry it faster?

27. Comment: Evaporation produces cooling.

28. Comment: Rate of evaporation of an aqueous solution decreases with increase in humidity.

29. Comment: Sponge though compressible is a solid.

30. Why does the temperature of a substance remain constant during its melting point or boiling point?