Logarithm
EXERCISE–I
ab (ab) 2 4(a b) 2
Q.1 Let A denotes the value of log10 + log ab (ab) 4(a b)
10
2 2
when a = 43 and b = 57
and B denotes the value of the expression 2log6 18 · 3log6 3 .
Find the value of (A · B).
Q.2(a) If x = log34 and y = log53, find the value of log310 and log3(1.2) in terms of x and y.
2
log2 5
(b) If k = 16, find the value of k (log2 5) .
Q.3 Solve for x:
(a) If log10 (x2 12x + 36) = 2
(b) 91+logx 31+logx 210 = 0 ; where base of log is 3.
log b log b N
log b a
Q.4 Simplify: (a) log1/3 4 729.3 9 1.27 4 / 3 ; (b) a
Q.5 Solve for x:
(a) If log4 log3 log2 x = 0 ; (b) If loge log5 [ 2 x 2 3] = 0
Q.6 Let a and b be real numbers greater than 1 for which there exists a positive real number c, different
from 1, such that
2(logac + logbc) = 9logabc. Find the largest possible value of logab.
Q.7 Find the square of the sum of the roots of the equation
log3x · log4x · log5x = log3x · log4x + log4x · log5x + log5x · log3x.
2 3
Q.8 Find the value of the expression .
log 4 (2000) 6 log5 (2000) 6
Q.9 Simplify the following:
1 3
log 9 log 3
5log 3 6 6log8 3 2 81 5
3 6
2
(a) 4 4 2
(b) . 7
log 25 7
125log 25 6
409
log1 / 5 12
log 4 1 1log 7 2 log 5 4
(c) 5 log1 / 2 . (d) 49 +5
2 7 3 10 2 21
2 2
Q.10 Find 'x' satisfying the equation 4log10 x 1 – 6log10 x – 2.3log10 x = 0.
Plot No. R-4, Opposite Railway Track, Zone-2, MP Nagar, Bhopal
2 a 2 b5
Q.11 Given that log2a = s, log4b = s2 and log 2 (8) = 3 . Write log2 4 as a function of 's'
c s 1 c
(a, b, c > 0, c 1).
Q.12 Given that log2 3 = a , log3 5 = b, log7 2 = c, express the logarithm of the number 63 to the base
140 in terms of a, b & c.
log 2 24 log 2192
Q.13 Prove that = 3.
log 96 2 log12 2
log3 7 log7 11 log11 25
Q.14 If a, b, c are positive real numbers such that a = 27 ; b = 49 and c = 11 . Find the
(log 7 ) 2 (log 11) 2 (log 25) 2
value of a 3 b 7 c 11 .
Q.15 (a) log (log x) + log (log x3 2) = 0 ; where base of log is 10 everywhere.
(b) logx2 . log2x2 = log4x2
(c) 5logx + 5 xlog5 = 3 (a > 0) ; where base of log is a.
(d) xlogx+4 = 32, where base of logarithm is 2.
Q.16 Solve the system of equations:
log a x log a ( xyz ) 48
log a y log a ( xyz ) 12 , a > 0, a 1.
log a z log a ( xyz ) 84
Q.17 Let y = log 2 3 · log 2 12 · log 2 48 · log 2 192 16 – log212 · log248 + 10. Find y N.
Q.18 Column-I Column-II
(A) The expression x log 2 log9 6 6 6 ..... simplifies to (P) an integer
(B) The number N = 2
log 2 3· log 3 4 · log 4 5.........· log99 100 simplifies to (Q) a prime
1 1 1
(C) The expression simplifies to (R) a natural
log 5 3 log 6 3 log10 3
(D) The number N = 2 5 6 3 5 14 6 5 simplifies to (S) a composite
Plot No. R-4, Opposite Railway Track, Zone-2, MP Nagar, Bhopal
Q.19 Column-I Column-II
(A) For positive real numbers a (a > 1), let pa and qa (P) 3
be the maximum and minimum values, respectively, of
1
loga(x) for a x 2a. If pa – qa = , then the value of a is (Q) 4
2
1023
1
(B) log 2 1 n is equal to (R) 6
n 1
(C) If A = log 3 3 3 3 , then the value of log 8A 1 is equal to (S) 8
3 2
(D) The value of expression (T) 10
log 27 8 log32 243 log625 81 log9 25 log 2 9
3 2 5 3 + 2 3log 4 25 5log 4 9 , is
Q.20 Column-I Column-II
(A) The value(s) of x, which does not satisfy the equation (P) 2
log22 (x2 – x) – 4 log2(x – 1) log2x = 1, is (are)
(B) The value of x satisfying the equation (Q) 3
log 7 10 log10 ( 8 x 3)
ln 5log5 7
2log2 e = 13, is (R) 4
1 1
(C) The number N = log log is less than (S) 5
2 6
log 65 5
(D) Let l = (log34 + log29)2 – (log34 – log29)2 and m = (0.8) 1 9log3 8 (T) 6
then (l + m) is divisible by
EXERCISE–II
Note : From Q.1 to Q.5, solve the equation for x:
Q.1 logx+1 (x² + x 6)2 = 4
Q.2 x + log10(1 + 2x) = x . log105 + log106.
Q.3 5logx – 3logx-1 = 3logx+1 – 5logx-1, where the base of logarithm is 10.
Q.4 log5 120 + (x 3) 2 . log5 (1 5x-3) = log5(0.2 5x-4)
1
Q.5 log 4 + 1 log 3 = log x 3 27 .
2x
x
Q.6 If 'x' and 'y' are real numbers such that, 2 log(2y – 3x) = log x + log y, find .
y
Q.7 The real x and y satisfy log8x + log4y2 = 5 and log8y + log4x2 = 7, find xy.
Q.8 If a = log1218 & b = log2454 then find the value of ab + 5 (a b).
9
(log9 x ) 2 log x 5
Q.9 Find the sum of all solutions of the equation 3 2 9
3 3.
Logarithm [5]
Plot No. R-4, Opposite Railway Track, Zone-2, MP Nagar, Bhopal
EXERSICE-II
Note : From Q.1 to Q.5, solve the equation for x:
Q.1 logx + 1 (x² + x – 6)2 = 4
Q.2
x log10 1 2x x.log10 5 log10 6.
Q.3 5log x 3log x 1 3log x 1 5log x 1 , where the base of logarithm is 10.
Q.4
log5 120 x 3 2.log5 1 5x 3 log5 0.2 5x 4
x
Q.5 If 'x' and 'y' are real numbers such that, 2 log (2y – 3x) = log x + log y, find .
y
Q.6 The real x and y satisfy log8 x log 4 y2 5 and log8 y log4 x 2 7 , find xy.
9
(log9 x)2 log9 x 5
Q.7 Find the sum of all solutions of the equation 3 2 3 3.
Q.8 Positive numbers x, y and z satisfy xyz = 1081 and log10 x log10 yz log10 y log10 z 468 .
Find the value of log10 x log10 y log10 z .
2 2
Q.9 (a) Given : log1034.56 = 1.5386, find log103.456 ; log100.3456 & log100.003456.
(b) Find the number of positive integers which have the characteristic 3, when the base of the
logarithm is 7.
(c) If log102 = 0.3010 & log103 = 0.4771, find the value of log10(2.25).
(d) Find the antilogarithm of 0.75, if the base of the logarithm is 2401.
Q.10 If log102 = 0.3010, log103 = 0.4771. Find the number of integers in :
(a) 5200 (b) 615 & (c) the number of zeros after the decimal in 3-100.
Q.11 Find the real solutions to the system of equations
log10 200xy log10 x.log10 y 4
log10 2yz log10 y.log10 z 1
and log10 zx log10 z.log10 x 0
Q.12 If (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are the solution of the system of equation
log 225 x log 64 y 4
log x 225 log y 64 1,
then find the value of log30(x1 y1x2 y2).
Q.13 Solve : log3 x
x 1 log9 4 x 3 4 x 1
1 1
Q.14 Solve for x: log 2 4 x log 4 x .log x 2 log 2 x 0.
2 2
3
log 4 x 2 3 log 4 4 x log 4 6 x .
2 3 3
Q.15 Solve the equation
2
Plot No. R-4, Opposite Railway Track, Zone-2, MP Nagar, Bhopal
EXERCISE-III
Q.1 Let (x0, y0) be the solution of the following equations
2x ln 2 3yln 3
3ln x 2ln y.
Then x0 is
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 6
6 3 2
[JEE 2011, 3]
1 1 1 1
Q.2 The value of 6 log 3 4 4 4 ..... is [JEE 2012, 4]
2
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
Plot No. R-4, Opposite Railway Track, Zone-2, MP Nagar, Bhopal
ANSWER SHEET
LOGARITHM
EXERCISE-I
xy 2 xy 2y 2
Q.1 12 Q.2 (a) , ; (b) 625 Q.3 (a) x = 16 or x = 4 (b) x = 5
2y 2y
Q.4 (a) 1 (b) logbN Q.5 (a) 8 (b) x = 3 Q.6 2 Q.7 3721 Q.8 1/6
25 1 1 2ac
Q.9 (a) 9, (b)1, (c) 6, (d) Q.10 x = Q.11 2s + 10s2 – 3 (s3 + 1) Q.12 Q.14 469
2 100 2c abc 1
Q.15 (a) x=10 (b) 2 2
or 2 2 (c) x = 2 log a where base of log is 5, (d) x = 2 or 1/32
Q.16 1 1 1
a 4 , a, a 7 or 4 , , 7
a a a
Q.17 y = 6 Q.18 (A) P, (B) P, R, S, (C) P, R, (D) P, Q, R
Q.19 (A) Q; (B) T ; (C) S; (D) P Q.20 (A) Q, R, S, T; (B) P; (C) Q, R, S, T; (D) P, R, S
EXERCISE-II
Q.1 x = 1 Q.2 x = 1 Q.3 x = 100 Q.4 x = 1 Q.5 4/9 Q.6 xy = 29 Q.7 2196
Q.8 5625 Q.9 (a) 0.5386; 1.5386;3.5386 (b) 2058 (c) 0.3522 (d) 343 Q.10 (a) 140 (b) 12 (c) 47
Q.11 x = 1, y = 5, z = 1 or x =100, y =20, z =100 Q.12 12 Q.13 [0, 1] {4}
7 3 24
Q.14 0, , Q.15 x = 2 or 1 3
4 2
EXERCISE-III
Q.1 C Q.2 4
Plot No. R-4, Opposite Railway Track, Zone-2, MP Nagar, Bhopal
