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August 14, 2024

Pulse Width
Measurement Using
PIC Microcontroller
 Agenda

• Introduction to Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

• Understanding Pulse Width Measurement
• Circuit Diagram for Pulse Width Measurement
• Code Explanation for Pulse Width Measurement
• Applications of Pulse Width Measurement
• Common Issues and Solutions
• PIC Microcontroller Tutorial Categories
• Engagement and Feedback
PWM Basics

Introduction to Pulse Width

Modulation (PWM)

● Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal by
Understanding PWM varying the width of the pulses.

● The two main components of PWM are the time period, which is the total time of one cycle, and the duty
cycle, which is the percentage of time that the signal is high (active) within that period.

● Plus the
For example, in a PWM signal with a 0.3 second period and a 25% duty cycle, tip: pulse is high for 0.075
seconds and low for 0.225 seconds, effectively controlling the average voltageadding
Consider and simulating an analog
specific applications of
signal. PWM in electronics, such as motor speed
control or LED brightness adjustment, to
make the slide more relevant to your
audience.
Measurement
Plus tip:

Understanding Pulse Consider adding specific examples of

applications where pulse width
measurement is crucial, such as in

Width Measurement motor control or signal processing.

Pulse width is defined as the duration of time a signal remains in a high

(active) state, measured from the rising edge (positive edge) to the falling
edge (negative edge). To accurately measure pulse width using a PIC
microcontroller, the built-in timer is utilized in conjunction with the
capture compare module. When the microcontroller detects a rising edge
on the capture pin, the timer is activated to start counting. Upon detecting
the falling edge, the timer is stopped, and the elapsed time is recorded.
This time value directly corresponds to the pulse width of the signal,
allowing for precise measurements without prior knowledge of the signal's
time period.
Circuit Design

Circuit Diagram for Pulse Width Measurement

Circuit Overview LCD Connection

The circuit utilizes a PIC16F877A microcontroller The LCD is connected to PORTB of the
interfaced with a 16x2 LCD to display pulse width microcontroller, allowing real-time display of
measurements. The capture compare module pulse width in milliseconds. Ensure correct pin
detects PWM signals, while the timer measures configuration for proper functionality.
pulse width.
Code Analysis
Plus tip:

Code Explanation for Pulse Width Measurement

Consider adding specific examples of
how to modify the code for different
PIC microcontrollers or additional
comments for clarity.

Initialization Functions Interrupt Handling Main Logic Loop

The function 'hardwareInit()' configures The 'interrupt()' function manages the The 'main()' function initializes the
the capture compare module and sets up timing and captures pulse edges. When LCD, enters an infinite loop to display
the timer. It initializes CCP1 to capture a rising edge is detected, the timer the pulse width measurement, and
rising edges and CCP2 for falling edges, starts; on a falling edge, the timer stops, updates the display with the calculated
enabling the necessary interrupts. capturing the pulse width. period in milliseconds.
 Plus tip:
Applications Consider adding specific examples or

Applications of Pulse Width Measurement

diagrams to each application to
enhance understanding and
engagement.

Power Control Motor Control

Pulse width measurement is essential in power In robotics and automation, pulse width measurement
electronics for controlling the output power delivered helps in precise control of motor speeds and positions,
to devices, enabling efficient energy management. ensuring accurate movements.

Signal Processing Measurement and Sensing

Used in communications to analyze and modify signal Pulse width measurement aids in various sensing
characteristics, pulse width measurement enhances applications, such as distance measurement and
data transmission quality and reliability. environmental monitoring, enhancing data collection
capabilities.
Troubleshooting

Common Issues and Solutions

Solutions Common Issues

● Ensure the compiler settings are correctly configured to ● 'Not enough RAM for call stack' error indicates
allocate sufficient RAM for the PIC microcontroller to that the code is too complex or memory-intensive
avoid 'not enough RAM for call stack' errors. for the available RAM.
● Include necessary libraries in the project, such as the ● Undeclared identifier errors arise when required
LCD library, to resolve undeclared identifiers like
libraries are not included or when there are typos
'Lcd_Out_Cp'.
in function names.
● Break down complex functions into smaller parts to
reduce memory load and facilitate easier debugging. ● Compatibility issues may occur if the code is
written for a different PIC compiler than the one
being used.

Plus tip:
Customize this slide by adding specific
examples of errors encountered in
your projects and unique solutions that
worked for you.
 Plus tip:
Tutorials Customize the content by adding specific
examples or links to your tutorials for each

PIC Microcontroller Tutorial Categories

category. Consider including images or
diagrams to enhance understanding.

Introduction to PIC Microcontrollers PWM and Signal Control Sensor Interfacing

Explore the fundamentals of PIC Learn about Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Understand how to interface various sensors
microcontrollers, including architecture and techniques for controlling signals in various with PIC microcontrollers, enabling
programming basics, which sets the applications, essential for projects involving applications in automation, robotics, and
foundation for more advanced topics. motors and LEDs. environmental monitoring.

Communication Protocols Embedded Systems Design Troubleshooting and Debugging

Dive into communication protocols like I2C, Gain insights into designing complete Develop skills in troubleshooting common
SPI, and UART, which are critical for enabling embedded systems using PIC issues in PIC projects, enhancing
microcontroller communication with other microcontrollers, focusing on hardware and problem-solving capabilities and project
devices. software integration. success.
Community

Engagement and Feedback

Subscribe for Updates Share Your Experience

● Enter your email address on the blog to receive ● Leave comments on the blog to ask questions or
notifications of new posts. share your insights about the tutorial.

● Stay informed about the latest tutorials and ● Engage with other readers to discuss challenges
updates on PIC microcontroller projects. and solutions in pulse width measurement.

● Join a community of enthusiasts and learn ● Encourage others by sharing your successful
together through shared knowledge. projects and applications of the tutorial.
Thank you.