Inquiry-Based Learning
Inquiry-based learning is an approach to learning that emphasizes the
student’s role in the learning process. Rather than the teacher telling students
what they need to know, students are encouraged to explore the material, ask
questions, and share ideas.
Inquiry-based learning uses different approaches to learning, including small-
group discussion and guided learning. Instead of memorizing facts and
material, students learn by doing. This allows them to build knowledge
through exploration, experience, and discussion.
IS INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING EFFECTIVE?
Just like experiential learning, inquiry-based learning actively engages
students in the learning process. Students aren’t just hearing or writing what
they are learning. Instead, students get the chance to explore a topic more
deeply and learn from their own first-hand experiences.
We retain 75% of what we do compared to 5% of what we hear and 10%
of what we read. Inquiry-based learning allows students to better understand
and recall material by actively engaging with it and making their own
connections.
THE BENEFITS OF INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING
Now that you know more about this learning approach, let’s take a look at the
advantages and benefits of inquiry-based learning.
1. Enhances learning experiences for children
Sitting in a classroom taking notes isn’t always the most effective (or
fun) way to learn. Rather than memorizing facts from the teacher,
inquiry-based learning enhances the learning process by letting
students explore topics themselves.
2. Teaches skills needed for all areas of learning
As they explore a topic, students build critical thinking and
communication skills. The cognitive skills that students develop can be
used to improve comprehension in every subject, as well as in day-to-
day life.
3. Fosters curiosity in students
An inquiry-based learning approach lets students share their own ideas
and questions about a topic. This helps foster more curiosity about the
material and teaches skills students can use to continue exploring
topics they are interested in.
4. Deepens students’ understanding of topics
Rather than simply memorizing facts, students make their own
connections about what they are learning. This allows them to gain a
better understanding of a topic than they would get by just memorizing
and recalling facts.
5. Allows students to take ownership of their learning
Students have the opportunity to explore a topic, giving them more of a
sense of ownership over their learning. Instead of the teacher telling
them what they should know, students are able to learn in a way that
works for them.
6. Increases engagement with the material
As a form of active learning, this approach encourages students to fully
engage in the learning process. By allowing students to explore topics,
make their own connections, and ask questions, they are able to learn
more effectively.
7. Creates a love of learning
Inquiry-based learning is designed to teach students a love of learning.
When students are able to engage with the material in their own way,
not only are they able to gain a deeper understanding—they are able to
develop a passion for exploration and learning.
Review of Related Literature
Khan, Hussain, Ali, Majoka, and Ramzan (2011) presented the inquiry based
learning perspective as a belief that traditional teaching practices (lectures,
power-points etc.) are teacher-centered not student-centered. They explained
that teachers have the obligation to support students’ learning not direct it.
They proposed an inquiry based learning curriculum which aimed to develop
higher order thinking and practical skills by allowing students to act as
practitioners, or problem solvers.
A study conducted by Khan et al. (2011) sought to determine how an inquiry
based learning curriculum would affect students’ academic achievements.
Their study compared 10th grade students who had chosen chemistry as an
elective. The students were separated into two groups, the control group was
taught traditionally with no inquiry based instruction and the experimental
group was taught using inquiry based instruction techniques. The injury based
instruction focused on developing problem solving skills and applying
concepts discussed to the real world. The results of Khan et al.’s study
indicated that there was no significant difference among the groups in regards
to previous academic achievements in chemistry. However, post-class testing
indicated that the students who were taught using inquiry based instruction
reflected significantly higher academic achievement than those students who
were taught using traditional methods. This study indicated that inquiry based
instruction has the potential to improve students’ learning in the domain of
chemistry. While this article is geared more towards high school chemistry, it
raises the implication that these instruction tactics could also be beneficial in
regards to chemistry at the university level.
Recommendations and Suggestions
Adapt the pace and content to suit the needs of students
Appeal to students who struggle to grasp content through traditional
lessons
Deliver exercises that greatly differ, using distinct content and investigation
methods
Use an inquiry exercise as either a “minds-on” activity, review, full lesson
or standalone project
Reinforce and expand upon any relevant concept, as long as students
have shown curiosity towards it
In these ways, you’ll have the flexibility to provide inquiry exercises to the
majority of your classes year after year.
