12.
5 Curvilinear Motion Rectangular Components MAE272
Saturday, August 8, 2020 3:29 PM
Objectives:
1. Describe the motion of a particle traveling along a curved path.
2. Relate kinematic quantities in terms of the rectangular
components of the vectors.
If you are designing the track, why
is it important to be able to predict
the acceleration of the car?
Acknowledgement to Pearson Education for material
and images
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 1
Position vector MAE272
Friday, August 14, 2020 1:57 PM
It is often convenient to describe the motion of a particle in
terms of its x, y, z or rectangular components, relative to a
fixed frame of reference.
The position of the particle
can be defined at any instant
by the position vector
The x, y, z-components may
all be functions of time, i.e.,
x = x(t), y = y(t), and z = z(t) .
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 2
Velocity Vector MAE272
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Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 3
Acceleration vector MAE272
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The acceleration vector is the time derivative of the velocity
vector (second derivative of the position vector).
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 4
Example 1 MAE272
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Given: The box slides down the slope described by the
equation y = (0.05x2) m, where x is in meters.
vx = -3 m/s, ax = -1.5 m/s2 at x = 5 m.
Find: The y components of the velocity and the acceleration
of the box at x = 5 m.
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 5
Example 2 MAE272
Friday, August 14, 2020 2:33 PM
Given: The particle travels along the path y = 0.5 x2. When t =
0, x = y = z = 0.
Find: The particle’s distance and the magnitude of its
acceleration when t = 1 s, if vx = (5 t) ft/s, where t is in seconds.
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 6
Example 2 contd… MAE272
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Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 7
Quick Quiz MAE272
Thursday, August 13, 2020 5:50 PM
• In curvilinear motion, the direction of the instantaneous
velocity is always
A) tangent to the hodograph.
B) perpendicular to the hodograph.
C) tangent to the path.
D) perpendicular to the path.
• If the position of a particle is defined by r = [(1.5t2 + 1) i +
(4t – 1) j ] (m), its speed at t = 1 s is ________.
A) 2 m/s B) 3 m/s
C) 5 m/s D) 7 m/s
• The path of a particle is defined by y = 0.5x2. If the
component of its velocity along the x-axis at x = 2 m is
vx = 1 m/s, its velocity component along the y-axis at this
position is ____.
A) 0.25 m/s B) 0.5 m/s
C) 1 m/s D) 2 m/s
• The position of a particle is given as r = (4t2 i - 2x j) m.
Determine the particle’s acceleration.
A) (4 i +8 j ) m/s2 B) (8 i -16 j ) m/s2
C) (8 i ) m/s2 D) (8 j ) m/s2
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 8
Example 3 MAE272
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Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 9
Example 4 MAE272
Friday, August 14, 2020 3:56 PM
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 10
Example 4 contd.. MAE272
Friday, August 21, 2020 6:55 PM
Lecture 3 - Curvilinear Motion Page 11
