Q9Dis caurse shucure and algornhma for ALgmintahian.
Discouse in NLP is nothing but a caharent graup of
SentenceA
Discourse nalysis meand exhachng the meaning out of
the corpus or txt, nd it helps train the NLP model beter
aherence iset used to evaluate the qualihy of a
naturoal lanquage generahon system caherent oliscoura
must
posser the ollowing praprtiea -
Coherence relation behuean vttuan ceA -
he oiscourse woulol be cohrent if it has
meaningful elatien connechonA between it's
utteronck. This properh is caled oherence rlahionl.
Relations hip behuen entihes
Another prapety that mokes oliscauze cohernt is that
there wst be a certain kind f elation ship beueen
enhiheu and this is called enthity- based cohuen ce.
Discaurse Strchure
Discaurse Segmentahon can be
odafined o aletermining
the typea of struchrd r a large aiscau.
Sugmantatian is dlifficulk to implemnt,but is Vey
important s it is DSed in fielola ike
-Infom aion Ramiexal
Text ummarization
Snfomatan Exhachon etc..
dlgonithms for Discourse Seqmentahion
Unsupervisa Dis coUrse Sugnmantation -
Oten epre Sented OLAlinear segnnenta tion
eq. sthe of seqmenting the tert into multi
tok
poraaraph units where each onit rprtsents
psage of the original txt.
These algorithma Oure depenolant On cohesion - the
OSe af certain ling uisticdavicek to tie textual units
togehir
kexicon coheion - cohesion indicated by the rlatio nship
between twoor morr worols in two units.
Supurvised Discourse Seqmentatio n
The eardie method does nt have ony hand labelec
Segmeat boundaries, but Suprvised iscourse scgmentation
neds to have bondany - labelled training olata.
liscourse mkers Or Ue uOrdA play a vey impartant
role in signalling cliscourse svcure
achiwe coherent discaurse, we ust
Coherent relatonS in pecihc Caherene nelationd olefine
meaning connechand between utencu
Hebb ha propaseol such kind af lationA ou follows
Taking So and s, to rpruent the mesning of huo
related senten e
ResstI Explanahon
SE infus dhat the state aseted by So could aause
she state aserted by So
Ran fought with Sham's find HeHe waA drunk.
Result
The state aserted by So coulo Cause the state
ted
eg. Rahul is late. He will be punishad.
Parallel
asertion form the Statemant So, ie plal,a2
ond he oertion the statement S Je
plbi, b2) infued
aj and bË are similar for cll i
Rom wants 0ar Sham wants mony
Elaborathon
Hinfus tha pnposiianP fam both gand Ss
q. Ram ia fom Delhi. Sham is fom Mumbai.
Occasion -
Occasion taked placa whn a ahange in state is
infeid fom dhe
the aertion
a So andhe
fnal State is
infusd fom thehe aertion 4
Ram pickea up the book He gave t ta Bam
Building Hierarchical DiscoUIs & Shuchrt
The coherence of the discoursa Can also be conioarrd
by a hierachicalshucture of the coheren oa relations.
eThe follo wuing pasage can
ca be rrprsented au a
hierarchioal stu chure
S1 : Roahwl went to the bank to daposit
He sthen wnt to
mony
Rohon's shop
S HeHe wantedto busaphore
Sy :He did not have a phone
S He also wanted to by a laptop om fohan's shop
Occastion legie)
Explanahan (ez
Parallal (e3 es)
Explana hion(es) Ssles)
* Refurnca Resoluhion
Snturpretation af hu sentenced fom any clis caurse is
important task, and for thiswe must know
who or what entih S being talkud about.
Refuenca S a inguishic ex presbion used to olenote an
Lenhhy or indivioual.
eq. Ram sauu his iend Sham at the shop He
went to meet him
Here Ranm, his and he are refence to the same
individwal
Teminolagiea used in refurence resohutia n
Raff Rafumin expreion = The natural languaqe exprelian
Vsed to purforrn rfurence
Refrent= The eatihy that is being refeed to eq Ram
Corefer = When tuoexpresionA Ore used to refer to the
game enti hy, thay calld corefus eg. Ram
nd he an corefus
Antecedent eq Rar is the Ountecaden t of he
draphara = A refuence used to nfer to an enty that
has aready been inhoduced in thaSa kenbence
The refeìng xpreian is ternmed as anap hocit
Discaurae maolel = model that has the overall
representahian of the enities that have
ben hefured to in the discaurse.
Types af Rafuing Expreiona
1. Sndefnile Noun Phales - epresnt oun entity that is nw
to the cliscobr se hearer.
cq. Rouhul is oloing gorm work.
93
Defnit Noun Phrase = nepres ents enhhy that is not new,
an
or is idan ihakle.
eg Rahul reads the mu of Jndia
3. Pronounk - formm of olafinite efuenca
cq Rahwl leamed as mwsh o he could
Demon Strative- They oure olso USed to demonshate nouns,
but behave dliffurrntly han Simple pronauns
eq. his, that these,thase etc.
Names- Can be ftuing expressions of a peson,
organisahion or locationete
a boy.
Refvenc Resoluion Touks
Resoluion : The tauk of fnoing nfuming
expressinnA in a tut that refr to the
sme entihy
PronominalAnaphorta Resoluhoh: his he tuk af finding
sthe antecadlant fbr a o
single phnaun.
