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2023 Chemistry Marking Scheme Guide

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27 views5 pages

2023 Chemistry Marking Scheme Guide

Uploaded by

25850338naomi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHOGORIA MURUGI FORM 4 JOINT EXAMINATION 2023

233/2 CHEMISTRY MARKING SCHEME

1.a) H½ I½ group VII½ gains one electron½ to form ion
b) Giant ionic structure½ - A is a metal, oxygen is a non-metal hence form ionically, bounded
compound½
c) H  is more reactive than I . H is more½ electronegative element
d) The oxide of D is covalently bounded hence has simple molecular structure½and weak van der
waals forces while that of C has ionic bond, hence giant ionic structure½
e) i) A ½ the most electropositive element the only element in group I½ i.e. metallic element
in group I has the highest ability to½ loose valence electron from ion. Due to weakest
electrostatic½ forces
ii) H ½is the most electronegative element. the only element in group VII½ which has the
shortest/shorter½ atomic radius, has the highest½ ability to gain electron to form
iron½
f) i) B has larger½ atomic radius than H, B belong to group II. B has less charge nuclear
charge½ than H:
ii) E has large½ atomic radius than D for E has 3 energy levels i.e. belongs in third period
while D has½ two energy levels, in 2nd period.
g) The brown ½ solid of copper changes to blue½ solution of copper (II) nitrate solution
brown gas ½ of nitrogen (IV) oxide gas formed. The copper metal is oxidized by conc HNO 3 to
Cu2+ while the acid is reduced to NO2 gas and water

2. a) i) Purifies – removes dust particles and other impurities that would otherwise poison
the catalyst. √ (½)
ii) Heat exchanger – Heats the ammonia – air mixture reactions from the compressor
while it cools the hot gaseous products from the catalytic chamber√ (½)

b) i) Gas A – Ammonia /NH3 √( ½)


ii) Gas B – Nitrogen (II) Oxide /NO √ (½)
iii) Catalyst C– Platinum – rhodium √ (½)

c) i) 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)  1


ii) 2NO2 (g) + H2O (l) → HNO3 (aq) + HNO2 (aq)  1

(d).RFM HNO3 = 1 + 14 + 48 = 63 √( ½)
1cm3 (1.42 x 68/100) √ (½) g of HNO3 = 0.9656g

1cm3 (1.42 x 68) √ (½) moles of HNO3 = 0.015326 moles √ (½)


63 100
 1000 1000 x 1.42 x 68 √ (½)
1 63 100

= 15.33 M (½) total 3 mk


e)i) Effervescence of red / brown gas / fumes are produced(√ 1)

ii) Hot conc. HNO3 oxidizes sulphur to sulphuric (VI) acid and itself is reduced to

nitrogen (IV) oxide (√ 1)


Page 1 of 5
Or S(s) + 6HNO3 (aq) → H2SO4 (aq) + 6NO2 (g) + 2H2O (l)

3. a) Gas D – Sulphur (IV) Oxide // Sulphure dioxide  ½


Gas L – Hydrogen Sulphide  ½

Gas V – Hydrogen gas ½ Accept – name only 1½mk

b)i)Compound B – Iron (III) Chloride // FeCl3  ½

ii)Compound T – Iron (II) Sulphide // FeS  ½

iii)Solid A – Iron (III) oxide // Fe2O3  ½

iv)Solid V – Iron (III) hydroxide // Fe(OH)3  ½

v)Solid X – Iron (II) hydroxide // Fe(OH)2  ½


Accept – name or formula. Rej if name and formula do not tally 2½mk

c)Rusting  1 1mk

d)Dirty green/green 1

e)Step 1 2Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) 2FeCl3  1 1mk

Step 5 FeS(s) + 2HCl2(ag) 2FeCl2(s) + H2 S(g) 1

Deny ½ if state symbols are wrong or missing.

f)An oxidizing agent 1 1mk

4.a) I.
i) Conc. Sulphuric (VI) acid  ½ / sulphuric acid Acc. formula
ii) Hydrogen gas // H2 ½
II. AlCl3  1
b) i) NaCl(s) + H2SO4(l) NaHSO4(aq) + HCl(g) 1 1
mk or Deny ½ if state symbols wrong or
missing
H2SO4(l) + Cl-(aq) H2SO4(aq) + HCl(g)

ii) 2Al(s) + 6HCl (g) 2AlCl3(s) + 3H2(g) 1 1 mk


c) Sublimation  ½
d) Gas is acidic 1 therefore reacts  ½ with the basic  ½ calcium oxide 2mk

e) Unreacted HCl  ½ gas dissolves forming a strong acidic ½ solution


acc- correct equation
1mk
480
f) moles of HCL= =0.02 mols  ½
24000
Moles ratio HCl : AlCl3 is 3:1
Page 2 of 5
Moles of AlCl3 = 0.02 x 1/3
= 0.0066 moles ½
2mk
RFM  ½ = 133.5
Mass of T = 0.0066 x 133.5 = 0.8811 g ½
g)

Inverted funnel  1

Water

1mk
h) Hydrogen Chloride does not dissociate into ions in methylbenzene (it exists in
molecular form).  On addition of water, HCl dissociates and H+(aq) reacts with
carbonates evolving Carbon (IV) Oxide gas (CO2 (g))
i) HCl(g ) + NH3(g) NH4Cl (s)  ½ 1mk
White Fumes  ½
The observation must be mentioned / indicated
5.i) Hygroscopy
ii) Deliquescence
iii) efflorescence
2+
b) i) (Zn(OH)4) 1mk
2+
ii) CU(OH)4 √1

(c)
element Fe S O H2O
mass 20.2 11.5 23.0 45.3
Ram 56 32 16 18
mols 0.36 0.36 1.44 2.521mk
Mole ratio 1 1 4 7

Empirical formula is FeSO4.7H2O


n(FeSO4.7H2O)=278
278n=278
n=11mk
Formula FeSO4.7H2O1mk
d)
 Add excess lead carbonate to dilute HNO3 acid  1mk
 Filter 1/2mk
 Add excess dilute HCl to the filtrate 1/2mk
 Filter the residue is lead(ii) chloride 1/2mk
 Rinse residue with distilled water and dry between filter paper to obtain solid
PbCl21/2mk

Page 3 of 5
6. (a) i) phosphorous smolders 1

Its reaction with air is exothermic 1

ii) phosphorous (iii)oxide formed is an acidic oxide which dissolves in water to form
phosphoric oxide. phosphoric(iii) acid 1

iii) volume of air used = 30.65 – 24. 28 = 6.37 cm3


percentage volume = 6.37/30.65 x 100 = 20.78%1

b) black powder changes to red brown bead and White ash formed 1
Zn reduces CuO to copper metal and Zn is oxidized to MgO1

c) carbon (II) oxide 1


Sulphuric (IV) oxide1
Nitrogen (IV) oxide
Carbon (iv) oxide
d) i)3Mg(s) + N2(g) Mg3N2(s)
ii) a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell is produced. Magnesium nitride is
hydrolyzed by water producing ammonia gas.
iii) blue litmus paper remained blue

7.(a) i) R.F.M of E.M.F = 58


R.F.M = 116
RFM 116
n= = ½ =1.7= 2½
RFM of EMp 58
Molecular formula = (Emp formula) x n
= (C3H6O) x½ = C6H12O2½
mass of C
ii) % of C = ×100 %
RFM
3× 12 36
= ×100 = × 100½ = 31.03% ½
116 116

I) few drops of [Link] acid1


II) i) Z -self-addition polymerisation. Reject polymerisation
ii) L - Hydrolysis1
iii) E -Oxidation of ethanol1 by acidified KMnO4
iv) N - Esterification1

III) i) ii)

½ ½
1, 2 – difluoroethane½ Ethanoic acid ½

iii) O
║ Ethylethanoate½

CH3— C —O—CH2CH3 Page 4 of 5


Page 5 of 5

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