FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
YANGON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
ASIA WORLD CO.LTD,
Presented by
MYAT HTET (J.E)
Content
1.INTRODUCTION OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
2.FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
3.FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM
4.DRY RISER SYSTEM
5.FIRE HOSE-REEL & HOSE-RACK SYSTEM
6.FIRE EXTINGUISHER
1. Introduction of Fire Protection System
CAUSE OF FIRE (FIRE TRIANGLE)
The basic essentials required to cause fire are;
1. Fuel (example; wood, paper, fuel oil, etc; )
2. Air (Oxygen)
3. Heat
Overhead
Ground Tank Tank
` Fire Alarm Panel
Duty Pump Standby Pump Jokey Pump
Fire Pump Room
Flow Switch
Control Valve
Fire Sprinkler
Fire Hydrant Hose-reel
2. Fire sprinkler system
A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of
a water supply system, providing adequate pressure and flow rate to a water
distribution piping system, onto which fire sprinklers are connected.
There are five types of fire sprinkler system.
Type of sprinkler system Differences
Pre-action -filled with air
-water flow through when smoke detector goes off
-used at data centers, libraries, places with high valued items
Wet pipe -filled with water
-most commonly used
-low maintenance and cost efficient
Dry pipe -filled pressurized air
-a bit of a delay
-used in colder area , do not freeze the pipes in water
Deluge -similar to a pre-action system
-required a smoke or heat detector as well
-good for buildings with hazardous chemicals or flammable liquids
Tail-end -similar as dry, pre-action and deluge system
-limitation that it only forms an extension to the sprinkler system
Fire Sprinkler System
Fire Sprinkler Installation on site
OCCUPANCY HAZARD SQUARE MAXIMUM/MIN MAXIMU
FOOT PER IMUM SPACING DISTANCE FROM
HEAD BETWEEN WALL
SPRINKLERS
Light Hazard 130-200 SF 15 ft/ 6 ft 1 ft
(Office, Educational, Religious, per head
Institutional, Hospitals, Restaurants,
Clubs, Theaters, etc.)
Ordinary Hazard 130 SF per 15 ft/ 6 ft 1 ft
(Mills, Manufacturing, Processing, head
Machine Shops, Repair Garages, Post
Offices, Bakeries, Wood Machining
and Assembly, Auto Parking, etc.)
Extra Hazard 90-130 SF 12 ft/ 6 ft 1 ft
(Plastic Processing, Chemical per head
Spraying, Metal Extruding, Printing,
Varnishing, Painting, etc.)
Type of sprinkler
1. Pendent Type 2. Upright type 3. Side-wall type 4. Dry type
5. Concealed-cover-plated 6. Recessed type 7. Flush type
Type of sprinkler Difference
conventional type -spherical type of discharge
(upright , pendent)
Spray type -parabolic type of discharge
(upright , pendent)
Flush type -to make inconspicuous with heat responsive element
(pendent) -used in hotel lobbies, dinning room, office
Recessed type -a spry type with a separate escutcheon housing
(pendent) -sprinkler yoke and heat response element are mounted
Concealed type -as spray and flush
(pendent) -fitted with cover-plate assembly designed to release at operating
temperature
Side-wall type -half-parabolic type of discharge
-used in entrance halls , corridors
Dry type -use in dry pipe system
(upright , pendent) -also use in wet system for the protection to freeze
Fast response type -high level of thermal sensitivity
-respond to an early stage of fire process
Classification of fire sprinkler based by colour
Fire Sprinkler’s Bulb Temperature range
Temp. Classification Ordinary Ordinary Intermediate Intermediate
Nominal Temp. Rating 135°F/57°C 155°F/68°C 175°F/79°C 200°F/93°C
Max. Ambient Temp. Allowed 115°F/46°C 135°F/57°C 155°F/68°C 180°F/82°C
Max. Recommended Ambient Temp. 100°F/38°C 100°F/38°C 150°F/65°C 150°F/65°C
Glass Bulb Color Orange Red Yellow Green
Control Valve
Control Valve assembly at CV Room
Control Valve assembly figure
Fire Suppression System at Data Center or Sever Room
Two types of Gas are used in this system.
1. Inert Gas , such as Argonite and IG55
2. Synthetic Gas , such as Halon and FM200
Fire Suppression System Alarm Bell
Detector
Alarm Signal
Alarm Panel
Fire
Form
Control Panel
Electric valve
Discharge Nozzle Storage Cylinder actuator
3. Fire Hydrant System
Fire hydrant systems are high pressure water pumps designed
to increase the fire fighting capacity of a building by boosting the
pressure in the hydrant service when mains is not enough, or when
tank fed.
(Fire Hydrant) (Hydrant Cabinet)
Two types of Fire Hydrant System
Dry Barrel Wet Barrel
Fire Hydrant System Installation
The maximum distance to a fire hydrant from the closest point on the
building shall not exceed 50 ft. The maximum distance between fire
hydrants shall not exceed 100 ft. Minimum 30ft from main electric
distribution equipments.
(Under ground part of Fire Hydrant) (Under ground pipe of Fire Hydrant)
Classification of Fire Hydrant
4. Dry Riser System
A dry riser is a normally empty pipe that can be externally
connected to a pressurized water source by firefighters. It is a vertical
pipe intended to distribute water to multiple levels of a building or
structure as a component of the fire suppression systems.
Dry Riser shall be installed in
building with beyond 10m and
not exceed 60m.
Dry Riser System Working Procedure
Dry Riser Components
Two Way Four Way Landing Valve
q Installed height of breeching inlet should have between 760-1000mm from
ground level to its center.
q Landing valve shall not exceed 12m in horizontal distance from riser.
q 100mm bore riser for two way and 150mm bore for four way.
Fire Development Landing Valve
Fire-man Truck
Breeching Inlet
Fire Hydrant
Wet Riser System
A Wet Riser is a system of valves and pipework which are kept
permanently charged with water.
The building with 60m height and above shall use wet riser system.
5. Fire Hose Reel System
Fire hose reel systems consist of pumps, pipes, water
supply and hose reels located strategically in a building,
ensuring proper coverage of water to combat a fire.
The system is manually operated and activated by
opening a valve enabling the water to flow into the hose that is
typically 30 meters away.
5. Fire Hose-Rack System
Fire Hose-reel System Installation
6. Fire Extinguisher
A portable container, usually filled with special chemicals
for putting out a fire.
Classification of Fire Extinguisher
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as
an indicator of fire.
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