SECTION A

1 The picture below shows the three Batswana chiefs who went to Britain in 1895 to
ask for protection. Use it to answer questions that follow.

(a) Name any two of the chiefs who went to England in 1895.

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(b) “If they agree to give us protection, we will be safe and they will also benefit”

(i) What was it that the three chiefs would be safe from?

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 (ii) State three ways in which Britain benefited by making Bechuanaland a
protectorate.

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(c) Explain two challenges encountered in Nation Building.

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 2 Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.

In the past 60 years ago, the nature of violent conflicts has changed considerably.
Where once wars were fought between organised armies of states, contemporary
conflicts tend to be internal contests between governments and armed opposition
groups. As Wiley has noted, since 2000, 48 percent of internal conflicts have taken
place in Africa. Moreover, 55 of 70 conflicts underway in 2009 are located in
developing agriculture based economies. These factors have contributed to focus
international attention on the need to understand and address the land and natural
resource related bases of conflict in African communities.

The changing character of violent conflict manifests in other ways as well. Civilians
now represent some 80 percent of conflict related casualties, often resulting in a
dramatic increase in women headed households, many of whom culturally face
challenges in accessing or inheriting land.
Source: http://www.un.org

(a) (i) Give an example that shows how culture disadvantages women in Africa.
(Use information from the passage only)

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(ii)State one organisation in Botswana that would query this cultural abuse of
women.
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(b) Explain how the family systems in Africa are changing due to conflicts.
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(c) Explain any cause of conflict over the use of land

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(d) Explain any two ways in which conflicts over land and natural resources can be
resolved.
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 SECTION B
3 (a) Define the following concepts:

(i) Inter- marriage

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(ii) Division of labour
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(b) Using examples, explain two ways in which division of labour was set up in a
traditional family.

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(d) Discuss two ways in which Government promote family life in Botswana.

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 4 (a) Define the following concepts:

(i) Acculturation

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(ii) Cultural tolerance

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(b) Explain two ways by which the mass media can influence culture.

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(c) Giving two examples, explain any classification of culture.

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5 (a) Define the following concepts:

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 (i) Fertility rate
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(ii) Population Dynamics

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(b) Discuss two socio-economic factors influencing fertility rate.

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(c) Discuss two roles played by the youth in addressing ways of resolving problems
resulting from rural-urban migration.
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