lndex

No. -tr
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SINGAPORE
PRIMARY SCHOOL LEAVING EXAMINATION

0009/2 (A) .../ PSLE

2 ocToBER 2012

SCIENCE
(BOOKLET A)

Additional MatertaE: Optical Answer Sheet (OAS) Total Time for Booklets A and B : I h 45 min

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

[Link]
2. Do not turn over this page until you are told to do so.
3. Follow all instructions carefully.
4. Answer all questions.
5. Shade your answers on the OpticalAnswer Sheet (OAS) provided.

This booklet consists of 24 printed pages.

,"e\
[Link]-z:l
\i ?/ [ Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board
\+y
@ MOE 2012
 2
PART !

[Link] question from 't to 30, four gptians are given. One of them is the oonect ansvyer.
Malte your choiee and shadethe qval (1,2,3 or 4) on the Optical Angwer Shaet.
(60 marks)

Some .birds feed on the nectar of this flower.

Which one of thefollowing birds is best suited for pollinating this flower?

(1) (2)

(3)

0009/02(Ay201e
 3

2 Which one of the following characteristics can be used to differentiate between birds and
mammals?

(1) number of legs

(2) body temperature

(3) presence of wings

(4) type of body covering

The diagram shows a plant cell.

0
R

Which two parts are also found in animal ce[[s?

(1) P and Q

(2) P and S

(3) Q and R

(4) R and S

0009/02(A)/2012
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 4
Which of the following feature(s) would most likely be found in plants growing in a hot and
dry place?

A swollen stems

B short roots

C broad [eaves

(1) A only

(2\ B only

(3) AandConly
(4) BandConly

The diagram shows a seed growing into a young plant.

What is the direction in which food and water are being transported at X?

Direction for transport of

food water
(1) upwards upwards
(2) upwards downwards
(3) downwards downwards
(4) downwards upwards

0009t02{A)/20't2
6 Which one of the following is correct?

Organ involved in Organ involved in

digestion of food absorption of food

(1) mouth large intestine

(2) stomach large intestine
(s) small intestine small intestine
(4) large intestine small intestine

A scientist observed that the temperature of the air on Earth has increased over the last ten
years.

Which of the following activities could have caused the increase in the temperature?

A An increase in the planting of trees.

B An increase in the use of air-conditioners.

C An increase in the use of solar energy.

D An increase in the number of vehicles on the road.

(1) AandBonly
(2| BandDonly
(3) AandConly
(4) CandDonly

4009/02(Nt2a12 (Go on to the next page)

 6

Guohui wante'd to keep a grasshopper as a pet. He thought of three possible ways A, B

and C to keep his grasshopper.

lid with holes

grasshopper

lid without holes

glass jar
grasshopper
leaf

lid with holes

grasshopper

Which one of the following is correct?

Least suitable way Most suitable way

to keep the grasshopper to keep the grasshopper
(1) A B

(2) B C

(3) A C

(4) B A

0009102(Ay2012
 7

Aini conducted an experiment to find out whether oxygen is needed for the germination of
seeds. She used the set-up shown below,

airtight stopper
substance that
absorbs
oxygen

seeds
damp cotton
wool

Which one of the following should Aini use as a control for her experiment?

(1) (2)

substance that substance that

absorbs absorbs
carbon dioxide oxygen

damp cotton damp cotton

wool wool

(3) (4)

substance that
absorbs
oxygen

dry cotton damp cotton

wool wool

0009t02( )t2012
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 8

10 A flowering plant undergoes processes X and Y as shown,

t n"-"' I
l^
Y

,/ I ""'d--l'
@t
,/\
young plant

Which of the following correcily represents the processes X and Y?

x Y
(1) germination fertilisation
(2) germination pollination
(3) fertilisation germination
(4) fertilisation pollination

11 Swee Meng conducted an experiment with a flower on a plant.

aB

He removed one part of the flower. The flower did not produce any seeds after that.

Which part of the flower, A, B, C or D, did Swee Meng remove?

(1) A

{2\ B

(3) c
(4) D

0009/02(4y2012
 I
12 Food relationships between organisms T, U and V, are shown in the food web below.

T +
I
,/
I
V

After some time, organism W was introduced to the habitat as shown in the food web
below.

/!/
T+

The graph below shows the number of organism V over a period of time.

At which point of the graph was organism W first introduced?

nurnber of organism V

1
(s)

T
(1)

time

0009t42$)t2412
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 10

13 Kumar conducted an experiment using the following set-ups.

box painted black

stopper
ht

water plant

ABC

What would be the likely change in the amount of carbon dioxide after a few hours?

Amount of carbon dioxide in set-up

A B c
(1) lncrease tncrease no change

{2) decrease no change no change

(3) increase no change rncrease
(4) decrease tncrease tncrease

0009t02(i )t2012
 11

14 Study the chart below.

Does it make its

own food?

Which one of the following is correct?

P Question Q
(1) P is a non-flowering plani. Does it have bright-coloured flowers?
(2) P is a non-flowering plant. Does it pollinate with the help of wind?
(3) P is a decomposer. Does it have bright-coloured flowers?
(4) P is a decomposer. Does it pollinate with the help of wind?

0009t02(A)t2012 (Go on to the next page)

 12

15 James set up an experiment using four similar leaves P, Q, R and S on the same plant.
These leaves have openings known as stomata on both their upper and lower surfaces.
Leaves lose water through the stomata.

He coated some surfaces of the leaves with oil as shown in the table.

Coated with oil

Leaf
Upper surface Lower surface
P yes no

o no yes

R yes yes

S no no

The plant was under bright sunlight for two hours. James measured the volume of water
loss at regular time intervals. His results ate shown in the graph below.

volume of water
loss (cm3)

time (min)

James used his results to compare the ditference between stomata on the upper and lower
surfaces of the leaves.

What can James conclude about the stomata on the leaves of this plant?

(1) There are more stomata on the lower surfaces.

(2) There are more stomata on the upper surfaces.

(3) The openings of the stomata on the lower surfaces are bigger.

(4' There are equal numbers of stomata on the upper and lower surfaces of leaves.

0009/02(Ay201 2
 13

16 Selvi blew air into a balloon and tied it tightly,

alr

material of balloon

After leaving the balloon in the refrigerator for a few hours, she observed that the balloon
was smaller than before.

Which one of the following is correct?

Heat flowed from the

(1) refrigerator to the air inside the balloon

(2) refrigerator to the material of the balloon

(3) material of the balloon to the air inside the balloon

(4) air inside the balloon to the material of the balloon

17 A ball was thrown straight up into the air. lt moved from P to Q as shown in Figure 1 and
then dropped to P as shown in Figure 2.

oo o i__j

Pr:
-)
Po
Figure 1 [Link] 2

Which one of the following is correct?

Potential energy of the ball Kinetic energy of the ball

from P to Q from Q to P

(1) decreases decreases

(2) decreases rncreases
(3) rncreases decreases
(4) rncreases increases

0009t02(A)t2012
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 14

l8 Three bar magnets AB, CD and EF can be arranged as shown below.

A BIC DIE
DIE F

Which one of the following arrangements of the magnets is p! possible?

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

19 A glass beaker containing boiling water was left on a table.

Which of the following action(s) would cool the boiling water in the shortest time?

A Put a metal spoon in the water.

B Cover the top of the beaker with a wooden lid.

C Wrap the beaker with a cloth that was wet with tap water.

(1) A only

(2| B only

(3) A and C only

(4) B and C only

0009/02(Ay2o12
 15

20 Study the circuit below. The batteries and bulbs are all working properly.

Which one of the following correctly states the number of bulb(s) that would still be lit when
one or more bulbs are blown?

Bulb(s) that islare blown Number of bulb(s) still lit

(1) A 1

(2) C 3

(3) BandD 2

(4) EandF 4

21 Kelly heated some ice cubes in a beaker using a Bunsen burner. After 10 minutes, all the
ice melted. After another 10 minutes, the water started to boil" She then turned off the
Bunsen burner 10 minutes after the water started to boil.

Which one of the foilowing graphs correctly shows the results of Kelly's experiment?

(1) temperature ("C) {2) temperature Cc)

010243040 time (min) 0 10 20 30 40 time (min)

(3) (4)
temperature (oC) temperature (oC)

10 20 30 40 time (min) 10 2A 30 40 time (min)

0oo9t02(A)t2012
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 16

22 Mei Ling set up an experiment using a heat lamp, a piece of cardboard, a thermometer and
a glass box with one side open. She covered the open side of the glass box with the
cardboard.

When x=Scm, Mei Ling recorded the temperature every 10min after the lamp was
switched on, She then repeated her experiment with x = 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm each time.

MeiLingwantedtoinvestigatehowthetemperaturerecordedisaffectedby-.
(1) the thickness of the cardboard

(2) the amount of heat produced by the lamp

(3) the distance x between the lamp and the cardboard

(4) the time taken for the heat to pass through the cardboard

23 An experiment was set up to investigate condensation of water vapour. The same amount
of hot water at 90oC or ice-water at OoC was poured into cups made of either glass or steel.
The cups were of the same thickness, size and shape.

Which one of the following correctly shows where water droplets would form after a short
while?

(1) steel {2) steel

cup

hot
water

(3) (4)

glass glass
cup cup
water

0009t02( )t2012
 17

24 Siva conducted an experiment using a wooden btock W and a flat wooden plank XY placed
horizontally as shown in Figure '1 below.

W
VLV I-l

Figure 1

He raised end X of the plank slightly as shown in Figure 2 but the block did not slide down.
When end X was raised high enough, Siva observed the block stiding down as shown in
Figure 3.

Figure 2 Figure 3

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

A Frictionalforce acted on the block when it was resting on the plank in Figure 1.

B Frictional force acted on the block when the plank was being raised in Figure 2.

C Frictionalforce acted on the block when it was sliding down the plank in Figure 3.

(1) A only

(2) C only

(3) BandConly
(4) A, B and C

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 18

25 The diagram below shows pad of a roller coaster ride that can be found in amusement
parks.

roller coaster car

The roller coaster car travels from A to D.

Which one of the following statements about the roller coaster car is correct?

(1) lts kinetic energy at C is zero.

(2) The gravitationalforce acting on it at D is zero.

(3) The gravitational force acting on it at B is the same as the gravitational force acting
on it at A.

(4) lts total potential and kinetic energy at C is greater than its total potential and kinetic
energy at B.

oaagtaz$)t2012
 19

26 Justin walked in a straight line from P to R as shown in Figure 1 below.

At Q, he was directly under the lamp. The distance between P and Q is the same as the
distance between Q and R.

ffin^,

Figure 1

Figure 2 shows how the length of Justin's shadow on the ground changed during his walk.

length of
shadow

time

Figure 2

Based on the graph in Figure 2, which one of the following statements about Justin's walk
is E! correct?

(1) He took two times longer to walk from Q to R than to wdk from P to Q.

(2) He walked at a slower speed between P and Q than between Q and R.

(3) When he was directly under the lamp, the length of his shadow was zero.

(4) As he walked away from the lamp from Q to R, his shadow became longer.

a009t02( )t2012
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 20

Gopal set up four electrical circuits P, Q, R and S using identical batteries and identical
bulbs. The batteries and bulbs are allworking properly.

r;l F-
Circuit P Circuit Q

Circuit R

Which one of the following is correct?

Circuit(s) with brightly lit bulb(s) Circuit(s) with dimly lit bulb{s}
(1) o P,RandS
(2) QandS PandR
(3) RandS PandQ
(4) P,QandR S

0009102(Ay2012
 21

28 Shufen conducted an experiment using the set-up shown below.

She measured the brightness of bulb X,

ln her second experiment, she connected another identical bulb Y and a switch to this
circuit. Both bulbs X and Y lit up. Shufen measured the brightness of bulb X again.

She found thatthe brightness of bulb X remained the same in both experiments.

Which of the following statement(s) about the circuit in Shufen's second experiment is/are
correct?

A There is only one path for the current to flow.

B Each butb can be switched on or off individually.

C When one bulb blows, the other bulb can still be lit.

(1) A only

(2) B only

(3) AandConly
(4) BandConly

0009t02(A)t2012
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 22

Mariam tested three types of string X, Y and Z by hanging weights from each string.
She increased the weights until the string broke. The maximum weight that the strings
could hold before breaking is shown below.

TTT
ttl
@@@
Mariam then tried a few arrangements of hanging different weights.

Which one of the following arrangements would be possible?

(1) (2) (3)

oa09t02(A1t2012
 23

30 Four metal pins A, B, C and D were fixed onto a wooden board as shown in Figure
below. Figure 2 shows a battery and a bulb connected to two wires X and Y.

wooden
A B board
a a

a a
D c

Figure 1 Figure 2

Rui Yang connected some but not all of the pins on the wooden board in Figure 1 with
wires.

She then connected X and Y across ditferent pairs of pins in turn. She recorded her results
in the table below

Pin connected to X Pin connected to Y Did the bulb light up?

A B yes
B c yes
C D no
D A no

Which one of the following correctly shows the connections made by Rui Yang?

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

0009/02(Ay201 2
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 24

The information contained in this booklet is the property of the Government of the
Republic of Singapore. Action will be taken against any person who makes unauthorised
release or reproduction of this information, whether in whole or in part and in whatever
format,

Those seeking permission to release or reproduce this information, in whole or in part and
in whatever format, must direct their request in writing to the Chief Executive, Singapore
Examinations and Assessment Board.

Any person who comes across this booklet must return it to the Chief Executive,
Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board without detay.

Copyngfi Acknowledge me nts:

The Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board has made every effort to trace copyright
holders, but if we have inadvertently overlooked any, we will be pteased to make the necessary
arrangements at the first opportunity.

0009/02(Ay2012
 lndex
No. -tr
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SINGAPORE
PRIMARY SCHOOL LEAVING EXAMINATION

000912 (B) PSLE

2 ocroBER 2012

SGIENCE
(BOOKLET B)

Total Time for Booklets A and B : t h 45 min

INSTRUGTIONS TO GANDIDATES

1. Write your lndex No. in the boxes at the top right hand corner.
2- Do not turn overthis page until you are told to do so.
3. Follow all instructions carefully.
4. Answer all questions.
5. Write your answers in this booklet.

a,%.j= TL
,j* t nis booklet consists of 16 printed pages and 4 blank pages.
SinOapore Exam inations and Assess m ent Board
\$
@MOE2012
 2

BLANK PAGE

0009!02(B)t2012
 3

PART II

For questions 31 to 44, write your answers in this booklet.

The number of marks [Link] is shown in brackets t I at the end of each question or part
question.
(40 marks)

31 The diagram below shows the life cycle of a frog.

_---ffiffi:--
-@-

(a) Explain how laying many eggs each time helps frogs in their survival. t1I

(b) The young of the frog lives in water while the adult lives on land. This helps the frog
to survive better.

Suggesi two advantages for the young and the adult to live in different
surroundings. t2l

Advantage 1:

Advantage 2:

(Go on to the next page)

SCORE
o0a9t02(BY2a12
l,/ 3
 4

32 The diagram shows how carbon dioxide can be added to or removed from the air around
us.

carbon dioxide
in air

tt

decomposition breathing
f-,{
Key
+ add

----+ remove

(a) Name the process X. I1l

(b) Some farmers clear forests by burning the trees.

Explain how this burning and the loss of trees can lead to globalwarming. 121

SCORE
0009/02(By2o1 2
3
 5

Rajah went on a field trip and came across flower F and insect G. He asked his teacher
and found out more information about flower F and insect G. He then wrote the following in
his notebook,

Flower F
lnsect G
e Flower F gives off a
strong rotting meal . lnsect G is
smell. attracted to the
smell of the flower.
o lt does not produce
nectar. r [ts larva feeds on
rotting meat.
o Male and female parts
are found on different
flowers.

(a) Suggest a reason why insect G is attracted to the smell of flower F. t1l

(b) What is the benefit to flower F when insect G visits it? I1I

(Go on to the next page)

SCORE
0009t02(B)t2012 2
 6

34 Jim conducted an'experiment to measure the amount of oxygen present in the water of his
fish tank at different temperatures. His results are shown in the graph below.

amount of oxygen (units)

temperature (oC)

Jim observed some fish in the tank. He noted that the breathing rate of the fish increased
when the temperature of the water in the fish tank increased.

Using the results of the experiment, explain this observation. 121

SCORE
0009t02(B)t2012
2
35 Figure 1 shows a habitat in the sea. tiny organisms

animal D

animal E

plant A
animal C
animal B
Figure 1

Figure 2 shows a food web in the community.

animal E
6\
q'za
animal C \G
\ animal D
animal B*
tiny organisms

(a) Suggest two benefits that plant A could provide for animal D. 121

Benefit 1:

Benefit 2:

(b) A large number of animal C were caught by fishermen. The number of animal E
remained the same. How would the populatlon of plant A and animal D change?
Explain your answers. 12]

Effect on plant A and reason.

Effect on animal D and reason:

(Go on to the next page)

0009t02(B)t2012
 8

36 Plant H has white leaves and grey leaves at different parts of its stem. The leaves are tilted
in various positions at different times of the day. Ai Leng wanted to know if the position of a
leaf would affect its temperature.

Ai Leng plucked four leaves and placed them in different positions under sunlighl.
She measured the temperature of each leaf after two hours. The set-ups and results are
shown below.

A B C D

Set-ups

flat position flat position vertical posi vertical positi

Colour of leaf grey white grey white

Temperature (oC) 35 30 32 28

(a) Which set-ups A, B, C and D should Ai Leng compare for her study? t1l

Compare set-up A with set-up and

compare set-up with set-up

-
Plant H is a desert plant and tilts its leaves upwards at noon time as shown below.

white leaf

grey leaf

(b) Suggest two benefits for the plant to tilt its leaves upwards at noon time, 121

Advantage 1:

Advantage 2:

{c) Ai Leng also noticed thai the white leaves were at the upper part of the stem while
the grey leaves were at the lower part. Give a reason why this is so. t1l

SCORE
aoagta2(B)/2012
4
 I
37 Amanda set up an experiment in a dark room to find out which coloured light(s) red, green
or blue could be used for photosynthesis.

She used a tank divided into three sections K, L and M by black plastic sheets as shown in
the diagram below. The coloured lights were of the same brightness.

She introduced some fish into each section which had a water plant with green leaves.
After some time, she observed bubbles and the fish in sections K and M only.

black plastic black plastic

sheet sheet
red light green light blue light

water plant

bubble

fish

Section K Section L Section M

(a) Give a reason why the fish were found in sections K and M only. t1I

(b) What can Amanda conclude about which coloured light(s) could be used for
photosynthesis? t1I

(c) Amanda wanted to check if her conclusion in (b) was correct. She repeated the
experiment with the same set-up but without the water plants.

What observation would show that her conclusion was correct? t1l

(Go on to the next page)

SCORE
4009t02(B)t2012
3
 10

38 Boon Hong conducted an experiment using set-ups A and B as shown below. He wrapped
a glass beaker with material W and another identical glass beaker with material X. He filled
both beakers with the same volume of hot water at 80oC.

thermometer thermometer

plastic lid

hot water

materialX

Set-up A Set-up B
Boon Hong measured the temperatures of the water at different times and plotted his
results in the graph shown.
temperature (oC)
80

set-up A

set-up B

time (units)

(a) Based on his graph, what is the relatlonship between the temperature of the water
and time? t1l

(b) What can Boon Hong conclude about how the temperature of the water changes
with time in set-up A compared to that in set-up B? t1l

(c) Material W in set-up A was used to make a jacket. This material had small air
spaces inside it.

Explain why the air spaces in material W would help keep a person wearing the
jacket warm in cold weather. t1I

SCORE
0a09t02(B)t2012
3
 11

39 Allan conducted an experiment with three different models of paper aeroplanes A, B and C.

ModelA Model B Model C

He launched each model aeroplane horizontally with the same force at the same height as
shown below.

He recorded the time taken for each model to reach the ground after it was launched.

Model A B C

Time (s) 3.4 4.9 2.1

(a) Based on Allan's results, which one of the models, A, B or C, should he use to
design a toy aeroplane that can fly the furthest distance? Give a reason for your
answer. t1l

(b) For his experiment, Allan used paper of the same material to make the model
aeroplanes.

State one other variable that AIIan should keep constant to make his experiment a
test.
fair t1I

{Go on to the next page)

SCORE
0009102{B)t2012 2
 12

40 An electric iron is used in ironing a shirt as shown below,

base of iron

The base of the electric iron is made of a strong and hard metal.

(a) State another property of a metal that makes it suitable for use as the base of an
electric iron. t1l

(b) A simple electric circuit inside the electric iron is shown below. lt consists of a
heating wire connected to a power supply.

nffl'Jn to power supprv

{+
The heating wire is made of a metal with a high melting point. When an electric
current passes through the circuit, the heating wire gets heated to a high
temperature.

(i) What will happen if a metal with a low melting point is used as the heating
wire? l1l

( ii) Explain why the electric iron in (i) will not work. tll

SCORE
0009t02(qt2a12
3
 13

41 Yu Yang wanted to compare the magnetic force of four magnets A, B, C and D.

The magnets were of the same size. He set up the experiment below and observed the
number of steel pins that were attracted by each magnet.

plastic
tray

From the result of his experiment as shown above, Yu Yang could not conclude which
magnet had the strongest magnetic force.

(a) How should Yu Yang change his setup so that he would be able to find out which
magnet was the strongest? tll

(b) Using the same set-up as shown in the diagram above, Yu Yang replaced magnet A
with another magnet X of the same size.

State two possible observations that could be made if magnet X was a much
stronger magnet than magnet A. 121

Observation 1:

Observation 2:

(Go on to the next page)

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0009102(By201 2
3
 14

42 For some buildings, water mist systems are used to cool the surrounding air. Tiny water
droplets are produced in the form of a mist as shown below.

{a) Explain how such a system is able to lower the temperature of the surrounding arr,
Give a reason for your answer. t21

Fans were added to the water mist system as shown.

(b) Explain how adding the fans would help cool the surrounding air more effectively.
11l

SCORE
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3
 15

43 Zainal wanted to investigate which material was best at reflecting light. He set up his
experiment in a dark room as shown below.
wall

Zainal shonethe light from the torch onto material P and walked towards it. When he could
clearly see the material, he stopped and measured the distance x between the torch and
the wall. He repeated the experiment with materlals Q, R and S each time. His resu[ts are
shown below.

Material P a R S

x/ cm 290 330 300 3'10

(a) Based on Zainal's results, which material should be used to make a safety vest for
people to wear at night? Give a reason for your answer. 111

(b) Zainal's teacher said that he should use a light sensor to measure the amount of
light reflected from the material.

Explain how this suggestion would improve Zainal's experiment. t1l

(Go on to the next page)

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0409t02(B)t2012
2
 16

44 Azman made a simple set-up of a hydro-electric power station as shown in the diagram
below. The water turns the blades in the turbine so that electricity is produced by the
generator to light up the bulb, ln this set-up, energy changes take place to produce
electrical energy.

(a) What is the main form of energy at A and at B? I1l

Energy at A: Energy at B: Energy at C:

(b) Actual hydro-electric power stations are built so that the height of the water above
the turbine is very large.

Give one advantage for building hydro-electric power stations in this way.
Explain your answer. t21

Advantage:

Explanation:

End of Paper

SCORE
0009t02(B)t2012
3
 PSLE Science - Answers
The plonts olso hove long roots thot
2012 spreod out just under the soil surfoce
to obsorb more woter. Theg hove thin
Booklet A
needle-like leoves to reduce their loss
of woter to the surroundings'
1. (21
The bird in option (2) hos o long ond
pointed beok which is oble to reoch s. (1)
X is the shoot of the Uoung Plont.
the nector found ot the bose of the
flower. Thus, it is best suited for Its leoves hove not develoPed get
pol linoting this flower.
ond it connot moke its own food.
Food stored in the seed leoves is
(4)
tronsported upwords to X. The roots
2.
of the Uoung plont obsorb woter from
The tgpe of bodg covering for birds
the soil. The woter is then tronsported
ond mommols is different ond con be
upwords to X.
used to differentiote between them.
Birds hove on outer bodg covering
of feothers while mommols hove on 6. (3)
Food is digested in the mouth,
outer bodg covering of hoir. There stomoch ond smoll intestine of the
is no obvious difference in bodg digestive sgstem. Digestion of food
temperoture between birds ond is completed in the smoll intestine.
mommols. Some mommols such os
Absorption of digested food then
bots hove two legs ond wings like
occurs in the smoll intestine. The moin
birds.
function of the lorge intestine is to
(3)
obsorb woter from the undigested
3.
food.
P: cell woll
Q: cgtoplosm
R: nucleus
7. (2)
S: chloroplost
An increose in the use of
oir-conditioners increoses the omount
of fuel burnt ot power stotions, which
Both plont cells ond onimql cells produces more corbon dioxide. An
hove cgtoplosm, o nucleus ond o cell
increose in the number of vehicles
membrone. Onlg plont cells hove o
on the rood results in more corbon
cell woll ond chloroplosts.
dioxide being emitted into the oir.
(1)
Corbon dioxide is o greenhouse gos
4.
o hot thot trops heot on Eorth. Thus, these
Plonts such os cocti grow in
two octivities could hove coused the
ond drg ploce. Theg hove odoptotions
increose in the temperoture of the oir.
thot help them to obsorb more woter
from the soil ond lose less woter to
the surroundings. Swollen stems help
the plonts to store o lot of woter.

,t
PSLE Science - Answers
8. (2) 12. (2)
In set-up A, the grosshopPer hos Orgonism W feeds on orgonism V.
oir but does not hove food. In set- Thus, the introduction of
up B, the grosshopper hos food orgonism W to the hobitot would
but does not hove oir. In generol, leod to o decreose in the number of
orgonisms con survive longerwithout orgonism V storting from the Point
food thon without oil so set-uP B os shown bg option (2) in the groPh.
is the leost suitoble wog to keeP
the grosshopper. In set-uP C, the 13. (4)
grosshopper hos both oir ond food. In set-up A, the woter Plont wos
Thus, set-up C is the most suitoble exposed to light ond corried
wog to keep the grosshoPPer. out photosgnthesis. During
photosgnthesis, the woter Plont
e. (4) took in corbon dioxide ond gove
Since Aini's oim is to find out whether out oxugen. Although the Plont
oxugen is needed forthe germinotion respired ond releosed corbon dioxide,
of seeds, other thon the Presence of the omount of corbon dioxide in
oxugen, oll other voriobles should be set-up A would decreose os more
kept the some for the control. corbon dioxide would be used. In
set-ups B ond C, the woter Plonts
10. (3) were not exposed to light ond could
Process X represents fertilisotion ond not corru out photosgnthesis. Theg
process Y represents germinotion' onlg corried out respirotion. During
After fertilisotion, the ovule found in respirotion, the woter plonts took in
the f lower develops into o seed. In the oxugen ond gove out corbon dioxide.
presence of oir, woter ond wormth, In set-up C, the fish olso corried out
the seed germinotes ond develoPs respirotion ond gove out corbon
into o Uoung plont. Pollinotion is the dioxide. Thus, the omount of corbon
tronsfer of pollen groins from the dioxide in both set-ups B ond C would
onther to the stigmo of o flower. increose. However, set-uP C would
contoin more corbon dioxide thon
11. (1) set-up B.
A: stigmo
B: onther 14. (1)
C: petol P mokes its own food ond does
D: sepol not produce seeds, thus it is o non-
flowering plont. A rose Plont hos
When the stigmo wos removed, bright-coloured flowers while gross
pollinotion ond fertilisotion of the does not, thus question Q is 'Does it
flower could not toke ploce. Thus, hove bright-coloured flowers?'' A rose
the ovules in the flower could not plont is pollinoted with the help of
develop into seeds. insects while gross is pollinoted with
the help of wind.

,rl
 PSLE Science - Answers
1s. (21
boiling woter ond the woter would
For leof P, its upper surfoce wos cooted cool down.
with oil. For leof e, its lower surfoce The wooden lid would prevent worm
wos cooted with oil. Since the groph oir obove the boiling woter from
shows thot leof p lost less woteithon leoving. Thus, it would slow the
leof Q, more stomoto ore found on boiling woter from cooling down
the upper surfoces thon the lower insteod of speeding it up.
surfoces of the leoves of this plont.
20. (3)
16. (4)
In option (3), when bulbs B ond D ore
When the bolloon wos ploced in blown, two bulbs (A ond F) would still
the refrigerotor, the moteriol of the be lit.
bolloon lost heot to the surrounding In option (1), when bulb A is blown,
oir. The oir inside the bolloon in no bulbs would be lit.
turn lost heot to the moteriol of the In option (2), when bulb C is blown,
bolloon. As o result, the oir inside the four bulbs (A, D, E ond F) would still
bolloon controcted ond the bolloon be lit.
become smoller. In option (4), when bulbs E ond F ore
blown, no bulbs would be lit.
17. (4)
The higher the position of the boll, 21. (1)
the greoter the omount of potentiol The melting point of ice is 0"C.
energu it possesses. Thus, the potentiol During the first 10 minutes, the ice
energu of the boll increoses from p melted ond the temperoture of the
to Q. When the boll dropped from ice remoined constont ot 0.C. During
Q to B the potentiol energg of the the next 10 minutes, further heoting
boll is converted into kinetk energu. coused the temperoture of woter to
Thus, the kinetic energu of the boit increose to 100"C, the boiling point
increoses from e to p. of woter. During boiling of woter; the
temperoture of the woter remoined
18. (1)
constont ot 100.C for 10 minutes.
Unlike poles of mognets ottroct eoch During the lost 10 minutes, the
other. Like poles of mognets repel Bunsen burner wos turned off ond the
eoch other. Poles Au C ond E ore like temperoture of the woter decreosed.
poles. Poles B, D ond F ore like poles.
Option (1) is not possible becouse pole 22. (3)
A is ploced next to pole E ond pole B Since Mei Ling repeoted her
is ploced next to pole F. experiment with different volues
of x, she wonted to investigote how
19. (3)
the temperoture recorded is offected
Metol is o good conductor of heot. bg the distonce between the lomp
Thus, the metolspoon would quicklg
ond the cordboord,
conduct heot owog from the boiling
woter ond the woter would cool 23' (2)
down. In option (2), the woter vopour in the
The top woter in the wet cloth would surrounding oir lost heot to the cold
goin heot from the beoker of boiling ice-woter. It condensed on the outer
woter ond evoporote. Thus, it would surfoce of the steel cup which wos in
olso conduct heot owog from the contoct with the ice-woter.

t
 PSLE Science - Answers
24. (3) 2s. (1)
Friction is o force octing between For on orrongement to be possible,
s u rfo ces in contoct ond olwogs the totol moss of the weights hung
opposes movement. In Figure 1, W on X should not exceed 3 kg, the totol
is stotionorg on Xy, so t6ere is no moss of the weights hung on y should
friction octing on W not exceed 5 kg ond the totol moss
of the weights hung on Z should not
2s. (3) exceed 7 kg.
The grovitotionql force (grovitg) In option (1), the totol moss of the
octing on the roller cooster cor is weights hung on Z is (3 + j + 3
constont from A to D. Thus, the =)
7 kg. The totol moss of the weights
grovitotionol force octing on it ot hung on Y is (l + 3 =) 4 kg. The moss
B is the some qs the grovitotionol of the weight hung on X is 3 kg. Thus,
force octing on it ot A. Howeven the oll the strings would not breok ond
omount of grovitotionol potentiol this orrongement would be possible.
energg possessed bg the roller In options (2) ond (3), X would breok.
cooster cor ot B is greoter thon thot In option (4), y would breok.
ot A becouse B is ot o higher position
thon A. 30. (4)
26. (2)
For the bulb to light up, o closed
circuit must be formed. Since the bulb
From the groph, Justin took 3 units of lit up when X ond y were connected
time to wolk from p to e ond 6 units to pins A ond B, the two pins must
of time to wolk from e to R. Thus, he be connected. In oddition, since
wolked ot o foster speed between p the bulb lit up when X ond y were
ond Q thon between e ond R. connected to pins B ond C, the two
pins must olso be connected. pin D
27. (2) wos not connected to the other three
The bulbs in circuits e ond S ore eoch pins, thus the bulb did not light up
supplied with electricol energg from whenever it wos connected to pin fl.
two botteries. The bulbs in iircuits
P ond R ore eoch supplied with Booklet B
electricol energu from one botterg
onlg. Thus, the bulbs in circuits e onJ 31. (o) Mong eggs ore loid so thot ot
S ore brightlg lit while the bulbs in leost some of the eggs will not
circuits P ond R ore dimlg lit. be eoten bg predotors ond will
hotch into todpoles ond grow
28. (4) into odults.
Since the brightness of bulb X - Some onimols feed on the eggs
remoined the some in both of frogs. Bg loging mong eggs,
experiments, Shufen connected even if some of the eggs ore
bulb Y in porollel with bulb X. Thus, eoten, the rest of the eggs will
there ore two poths for the current still hotch into todpoles. When
to flow. Eoch bulb con be switched on the todpoles grow into odult
or off individuollg ond when one bulb frogs, theg will reproduce ond
' blows, the other bulb con still be lit. log mong eggs, thus ensuring
the survivol of frogs.

t
 PSLE Science - Answers
(b) Advontoge i: If there is on 33. (o) Insect G is ottrocted to the smell
unfovouroble chonge to the of flower F becouse the strong
surroundings of the goung, ot rotting meot smell misleods it
leost the odults will still survive into thinking thot the flower is
ond continue to reproduce. / If rotting meot ond con be o food
there is on unfovouroble chonge source for its lorvoe when it logs
to the surroundings of the eggs on the flower.
odults, ot leost the goung will still
survive, grow ond reproduce.
- The lorvo of insect G feeds on
rotting meot. Thus, to ensure
Advontoge 2: There is less o food supplg for its Uoung,
competition for food ond living insect G tends to log its eggs on
spoce between the goung ond rotting meot. When the lorvoe
the odults, thus ensuring better hotch from the eggs, theg con
survivol of the species. feed directlg on the rotting
- Living in different surroundings meot ond will not stqrve.
reduces the risk of the whole (b) Insect G helps to pollinote
populotion of frogs ond their flower F when the pollen groins
Uoung being killed when there from onother flower stuck on
is o sudden, unfovouroble its bodg drop onto the stigmo
chonge to the surroundings. of flower F.
This ensures thot ot leost some
frogs or todpoles will survive.
- For flower E the mole ond
femole ports ore found on
Living in different surroundings different flowers. Thus, it is
prevents overcrowding ond reliont on externol ogents such
competition for food between os insect G for pollinotion.
the goung ond the odults. When insect G visits o mole
flower, some of the pollen
32. (o) Process X is photosgnthesis. groins mog get stuck on its
- During photosgnthesis, plonts bodg. When insect G then
toke in corbon dioxide ond visits o femole flower, some
woter in the presence of light of the pollen groins stuck on
to produce food ond oxugen. its bodg mog drop onto the
Plonts help to remove corbon stigmo of the femole flower
dioxide from the oir oround us. ond pollinote it.
(b) Burning of trees odds corbon
dioxide into the oir. The loss 34. When the temperoture of the woter
of trees meons thot fewer increosed, the omount of oxggen
trees ore ovoiloble to corru out dissolved in the woter decreoied.
photosgnthesis. This results in less Thus, in orderto get enough oxugen
corbon dioxide being removed for respirotion, the breothing rote
from the oir. Corbon dioxide is o of the fish increosed to toke in more
greenhouse gos thot trops heot. oxugen.
As o result, the surrounding Living things respond to chonges
temperoture will rise ond this con in their environment. The fish
leod to globol worming. require oxugen to corru out
- Both burning ond loss of trees respirotion. When less oxggen is
result in on increose in the ovoiloble in the woter, the fish
omount of corbon dioxide breothe in foster to get more
present in the oir. oxggen.

,t
 - Answers
PSLE Science

35. (o) Benefit 1: Plont A could corrg 36. (o) Compore [Link] A with set-up
out photosgnthesis ond provide C ond compore set-up B with
oxugen which onimol D could use set-up D.
for respirotion. - Since Ai Leng wonted to know
Benefit 2: Plont A could provide if the position of o leof would
shelter ond protection for onimol offect its temperoture, onlg the
D. position of the leoves should
-All plonts corrU out be different; the tgpe of leoves
photosgnthesis ond produce should be the some.
oxugen in the presence of Iight. She should compore the greg
The oxggen con be used bg the Ieof in the flot position (A) with
plonts ond other orgonisms for the greg leof in the verticol
respirotion. position (C).
Toke note thot plont A does She should olso compore the
not provide onimol D with white leof in the flot position
food os the food web shows (B) with the white leof in the
thot onimol D feeds on ting verticol position (D).
orgonisms ond not plont A. (b) Advontoge 1: When the leoves tilt
(b) Effect on plont A ond reoson: upwords ond ore in the verticol
The populotion of plont A would position, the plont is less exposed
decreose. Animol C feeds on to the sun ond will be oble to
onimol B. Thus, o decreose in the survive the high temperoture.
number of onimol C would leod Advontoge 2: When the leoves tilt
to on increose in the number of upwords, their top surfoce oreo
onimol B. Since onimol B feeds on exposed to the Sun is reduced.
plont A, more of plont A would This reduces the omount of
be eoten. heqt thqt the plont obsorbs ond
Effect on onimol D ond reoson: reduces their woter loss through
The populotion of onimol D tronspirotion.
would increose. The decreose - At noon, the Sun is directlg
in the populotion of onimol C overheod the plont ond it is
would couse on increose in the verg hot.
populotion of onimol B. Since To prevent being scorched
onimol E feeds on onimol B ond ond to reduce woter loss, the
the number of onimol E remoined plont chonges the position of
the some, onimol E would eot its leoves.
more of onimol B ond fewer of (c) White leoves obsorb less heot
onimol D. from the Sun, so theg con survive
- When the number of predotors better ot the upper port compored
decreoses, the number of preg to the greg leoves.
i ncreoses. - When the greg leof in set-up A
When the number of predotors is compored with the white leof
increoses, the number of preg in set-up B ond when the greg
decreoses. leof in set-up C is compored
with the white leof in set-up
D, it is observed thot the white
leoves hod lower temperotures
thon the greg leoves.
Greg is o better obsorber of
heot thon white.
6

n
 37 t'ffi[?jm - .. pSLE
Science _ Answers
(c)
.orartiEE
DFrldrr-^.J
p,ill
^- j
1,1.*:",l osedion
o,s
"
.' *-;ij;
L did not.
ilffil: fl,',:r":f.,r,"ot
l,^:oy:", lJrti.;;,il:
#ji:ii"T',?:".:?;".t:T't:
the,woter plonts
i:[:"###ffi?:"'ff.;n*:i
_ A poor c"o1-aYc'tor
which ore of heot
reduces
(b) Reo
,urroun,u,llot l?:t to
,^ln:,?rgn,hesising.
right the
for";j"[ir3'lisr,t
photosgnthesis
.orro
:-"^1"9light
green white
could not be used
Photosfnt;;;;'" for
;u,,_,"i1$I;i;3;:F
- ].l1",bubbtes of oir given 39. (o) He should u
Og the woter plonts
-"-1,.
s,ections K ond in
the woter plonts
,ra ,ri.*, ,f,ri ;1*r;::;*F;tx:^,s,:.#
ground,
v suc
o u, pt o,oiii;:#:'-"'olI9in g
ny.r,"j,,.ilY3,?'l,-li,",::, it co n

- Ih" fonger,r.," iir" *ken

r,:j: ffilii::nff",#,,I
(c)
the modeli for

f,,_*, li;:m*#ini
nerr conclusion
wos correct.
.., Ili HTI'iJ1;:'#ff"',"[li:
^,
oeroplones the model
ot::Ynth
- l?_ lh" . obsence of - some' locotion'
The [Link]^T" qt
the
woter which the
woter in the three
l]::.,r should exPerimenton.
sections corried out
contoin the would 1''o'"''Ilt such os
::T" omount of aissotve,j Presence of1::t"ft thot the
oxugen. offect .1'," ..-Ylld would
so it should
38. (o) As the time in-creoses,
be kept."r#l?
te m pe rotu re the 40. (o) Metot is
of the woter
heot. good conductor of
o
decreoses.
- Il:, the groph, it con -
observed thot be
the temperotule, f:A,o:* "conductor of heot,
-"oiir',il}
of the woter in br *"j1^::l r,,"ot rp ,i"

ln* (b)
Ir:l,l:: l*ud"ot
jkr *h "I"ffi
;ifi
r,
il:
,;"rl
. (b) -,#i11;f,T"3;!*
.11-"__,"rpuroture of the
.r' Tf"
The" H
high
heotirig *.""*irirll,
temperril;. r,
woter
o smoiler extent ,,,,
ffiiT:l_,o with wire merts,
Iff,r;T 'p; il#;T:Yi': ,y1""?:l:;;ii,I,
l5':r:::, y, i#.;; ffi
- I* woter in set_up ll 1 ^",!.-,.k .r r" "i' *=,"' i'Xl?
"T;
n f,o, j
temperoture thon o !:":1,"_1. o";' ;;;ilil ffJ
r

.1191".. the i :::."y,

work.
rrus, *rL i;;;;il;:;
Ii"",t::i *1{t *5 ;
Yr',';: - Electric current
r*+r**:rit,:..;r*i+ii flow in. o cfosedwill onlg
circuit.
thon the rrt
*",". L"r"i_"r[;;
the heotins
:?::,,b:.mode wire
.Tyit , of o metot
Yl? hish meltins point
:.:_lh:, it does not mett
ntgh temperoture. ot
7

t
PSLE Science - Answers
41. (o) He should hong the four mognets (b) The fons would help to blow the
ot the some height obove the cool oir further owog to oreos
ground ond compore the number thot were not receiving the
of steel pins ottrocted to the mist, thus helping to cool the
mognets. surrounding oir more effectivelg.
- When the four mognets were - The fons would help to circulote
hung ot the some height obove ond spreod the cool oir to o
the ground, the mognet thot lorger oreo.
ottrocted the most number
of steel pins would be the 43. (o) Moteriol Q should be used
strongest. to moke the sofetg vest.
(b) Observotion 'l: Mognet X could Moteriol Q is oble to reflect light
ottroct more steel pins thon the furthest.
mognet A ot the some height - It is dork ot night, thus o highlg
obove the ground. reflective moteriol should be
Observotion 2: Mognet B moves used to moke sofetg vests for
closer to/further/owog from it, people to weor becouse theg
swinging to the lefUright. con be spotted eosilg ond
- The stronger the mognetic eorlier bg other people (drivers,
force of o mognet, the greoter motorists, cgclists etc.).
the number of steel pins it (b) This suggestion would moke the
could ottroct. results of Zoinol's experiment
If the pole ot the top of mognet more occurote becouse the light
B wos different from the pole sensor is not dependent on
ot the bottom of mognet A, humon judgment ond not prone
mognet B would be ottrocted to humon errors.
to mognet A. If theg were - The light sensor is o device
the some, mognet B would be used to meosure the intensitg
repelled. of light. It is less biosed thon
humon judgment.
42. (o) The sgstem releoses mist which
evoporotes into the surrounding 44. (o)
oir. Heot from the surrounding
oir is obsorbed bg the ting woter Energg ot A: Energu ot B: Energu ot C:

droplets when theg evoporote.

Thus, the surrounding oir is
cooled ond the temperoture of
the surrounding oir is lowered. - The woter in A possesses
- During evoporotion, woter grovitotionol potentiol energg
obsorbs heot from the due to its roised height. When
surroundings ond chonges it flows down to the turbine,
into woter vopour. Since heot the grovitotionol potentiol
is obsorbed bg the woter, energu is converted into kinetic
evoporotion produces o cooling energu ond enobles the woter
effect. to turn the blodes in the
turbine.

,t
 PSLE Science - Answers
(b) Advontoge: The hgdro-electric
power stotions will produce more
electricolenergu when the height
of the woter obove the turbine
is verg lorge.
Explonotion: The lorger height
of the woter meons thot it
will more grovitotionol
possess
potential energu which will be
converted into more kinetic
energU. This con then be
converted into more electricol
energu bg the generotor.
- The higher the woter is
obove the ground, the more
grovitotionol potentiol energg
it possesses.