Assignments in Mathematics Class IX (Term I)

12. Heron’s Formula

Important Terms, Definitions and Results

l Area of a triangle with its sides as a, b and c is a

calculated by using Heron’s formula, stated as l Area of an isosceles triangle = 4b 2 − a 2 , where
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Area of triangle = s ( s − a )( s − b)( s − c) , b is one of the equal sides and a is the third side
a+b+c of the triangle.
where s =
2 l Area of a quadrilateral whose sides and one
1 diagonal are given, can be calculated by dividing
l Area of a triangle = × base × height. the quadrilateral into two triangles and using the
2 Heron’s formula.
3 2
l Area of an equilateral triangle = a , where a
is the side of the triangle. 4

Summative Assessment

Multiple Choice Questions [1 Mark]

A. Important Questions

1. Each equal side of an isosceles right triangle is 7. The sides of a triangular flower bed are 5 m,
x cm. Its area is : 8 m and 11 m. The area of the flower bed
(a) x2 cm2 (b) 2x cm2 is :
2
(c) x cm2 (d) 2x2 cm2 (a) 4 21 m 2 (b) 21 4 m 2
2
2. Area of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm is : (c) 330 m 2 (d) 300 m 2

(a) 100 3 cm2 (b) 50 3 cm2 8. If each side of an equilateral triangle is 2x, then
its area is :
(c) 25 3 cm2 (d) 10 3 cm2
(a) 3x2 sq. units (b) x2 3 sq. units
3. The length of the sides of a triangle are 5x, 5x
and 8x. The area of the triangle is : (c) x 3 sq. units (d) x + 3 sq. units

(a) 144 x2 sq. units (b) 100 x2 sq. units 9. The length of the sides of a triangle are 5 cm,
7 cm and 8 cm. Area of the triangle is :
(c) 24x2 sq. units (d) 12 x2 sq. units
(a) 300 cm2 (b) 100 3 cm2
4. The area of the triangle having sides 1 m, 2 m
and 2 m is : (c) 50 3 cm2 (d) 10 3 cm2
15 2 10. Area of an equilateral triangle of side 2 cm is :
(a) 4 15 m 2 (b) m
4 (a) 1 cm2 (b) 2 cm2
15 2 15 2 (c) 3 cm2 (d) 5 cm2
(c) m (d) m
2 4 11. If the perimeter of an isosceles triangle of base
5. The area of the triangle having sides 13 cm, 12 cm is 30 cm, then its area is :
14 cm, and 15 cm is :
(a) 18 cm2 (b) 18 5 cm2
(a) 70 cm2 (b) 80 cm2 (c) 82 cm2 (d) 84 cm2
(c) 36 5 cm2 (d) 5 18 cm2
6. Each equal side of an isosceles triangle is 5 cm
12. The perimeter of an equilateral triangle is 60 m.
and the third side is 8 cm. The area of the triangle
Its area is :
is :
(a) 10 3 m2 (b) 15 3 m2
(a) 10 cm2 (b) 11 cm2 (c) 12 cm2 (d) 15 cm2
(c) 20 3 m2 (d) 100 3 m2

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13. If the sides of a triangle are 56 cm, 60 cm and (a) 60 cm2 (b) 30 cm2
52 cm long, then the area of the triangle is : (c) 78 cm2 (d) 32.5 cm2
(a) 1322 cm2 (b) 1311 cm2
21. If the altitude of an equilateral triangle is
(c) 1344 cm2 (d) 1392 cm2
12 cm, then its area is equal to :
14. The area of an equilateral triangle with side
(a) 2 3 cm2 (b) 3 3 cm2
2 3 cm is :
(a) 5.196 cm2 (b) 0.866 cm2 (c) 4 3 cm2 (d) 5 3 cm2
(c) 3.496 cm2 (d) 1.732 cm2 22. The adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 3 cm
15. The length of each side of an equilateral triangle and 7 cm. The ratio of their altitudes is :
having an area of 9 3 cm2 is : (a) 7 : 3 (b) 4 : 3 (c) 3 : 4 (d) 49 : 9
(a) 8 cm (b) 36 cm (c) 4 cm (d) 6 cm
23. If the area of an equilateral triangle is 27 3 cm2,
16. The base of a right triangle is 8 cm and hypotenuse then its perimeter is :
is 10 cm. Its area will be :
(a) 12 cm (b) 15 cm
(a) 24 cm2 (b) 40 cm2 (c) 48 cm2 (d) 80 cm2
(c) 18 3 cm (d) 21 cm
17. An isosceles right triangle has area 8 cm2. The
length of its hypotenuse is : 24. Each equal side of an isosceles triangle is 13 cm
(a) 32 cm (b) 16 cm and its base is 24 cm. Area of the triangle is :
(a) 50 3 cm2 (b) 40 3 cm2
(c) 48 cm (d) 24 cm
(c) 25 3 cm 2
(d) 60 cm2
18. The area of a quadrilateral ABCD in which AB =
25. The percentage increase in the area of a triangle,
3 cm, BC = 4 cm, CD = 4 cm, DA = 5 cm and
if its each side is doubled , is :
AC = 5 cm is :
(
(a) 2 3 + 21 cm
2
) (
(b) 3 + 21 cm
2
) (a) 200% (b) 300% (c) 400% (d) 500%
26. The sides of a triangle are 5 cm, 12 cm and 13 cm.
(c) (2 + )
31 cm 2 (
(d) 3 2 + 21 cm
2
) The length of the perpendicular from the opposite
vertex to the longest side is :
19. In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle and DEC is an
equilateral triangle. Area of ∆DEC is : (a) 60 cm (b) 13 cm
60 13
(c) cm (d) cm
13 60
27. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5.
If the perimeter of the triangle is 84 cm, then area
of the triangle is :
(a) 294 cm2 (b) 290 cm2
(c) 274 cm2 (d) 252 cm2
28. The length of the side of a rhombus is 30 cm and
one of its diagonals is 48 cm long. Area of the
rhombus is :
(a) 432 cm2 (b) 864 cm2
(a) 36 3 cm2 (b) 48 cm2
(c) 300 cm2 (d) 216 cm2
(c) 12 3 cm2 (d) 9 3 cm2
20. Area of the given triangle is : 29. The sides of a triangle are 4 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm.
The length of the perpendicular from the opposite
vertex to the longest side is :
4
(a) 3 15 cm (b) 15 cm
3
3
(c) 15 cm (d) 4 15 cm
4
30. Each side of an equilateral triangle is 2x cm. If
x 3 = 48 , then area of the triangle is :
(a) 16 cm2 (b) 48 cm2
(c) 16 3 cm2 (d) 48 3 cm2

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 31. The sides of a triangle are x, y and z. If x + y =
(a) 16 5 cm (b) 10 5 cm
7 m, y + z = 9 m, and z + x = 8 m, then area of
the triangle is : (c) 24 5 cm (d) 28 cm
(a) 4 m2 (b) 5 m2 (c) 6 m2 (d) 7 m2 35. The area of an isosceles triangle having base 2 cm
and the length of one of the equal sides 4 cm, is
32. If each side of an equilateral triangle is halved,
:
then the ratio of the area of new triangle to the 15
area of the original triangle is : (a) 15 cm2 (b) cm2
2
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 4 : 1 (d) 2 : 1
(c) 2 15 cm2 (d) 4 15 cm2
33. If the area of an equilateral triangle is 16 3 cm2,
36. The edges of a triangular board are 6 cm, 8 cm
then the perimeter of the triangle is :
and 10 cm. The cost of painting it at the rate of
(a) 48 cm (b) 24 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 306 cm 9 paise per cm2 is :
34. The sides of a triangle are 35 cm, 54 cm and (a) Rs 2.00 (b) Rs 2.16
61 cm, respectively. The length of its longest (c) Rs 2.48 (d) Rs 3.00
altitude is :

B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. Heron’s formula is : [T-I (2010)] 2. The semi perimeter of a triangle having the length
(a) ∆ = s ( s + a ) ( s + b) ( s + c) of its sides as 20 cm, 15 cm and 9 cm is :
[T-I (2010)]
(b) ∆ = ( s − a ) ( s − b) ( s − c)
(a) 44 cm (b) 21 cm
(c) ∆ = s ( s − a ) ( s − b) ( s − c), s = a + b + c (c) 22 cm (d) none
(d) ∆ = s ( s − a ) ( s − b) ( s − c), 2 s = a + b + c

Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks]

A. Important Questions
1. Find the area of a triangle with base 4 cm and 7. Find the area of a regular hexagon of side a.
altitude 6 cm. 8. Find the area of a triangle given sides 5 cm,
2. Find the area of an isosceles triangle whose 12 cm and 13 cm.
perimeter is 11cm and base is 5 cm. 9. The area of a triangle is 30 cm2. Find the base if
3. The perimeter of a right triangle is 450 cm. If its the altitude exceeds the base by 7 cm.
sides are in the ratio 13 : 12 : 5, find the area of 10. The area of an isosceles triangle is 60 cm2 and
the triangle. the length of each one of its equal sides is 13 cm.
4. The base and corresponding altitude of a Find its base.
parallelogram are 10 cm and 3.5 cm respectively. 11. Find the cost of levelling the ground in the form
Find the area of the parallelogram. of a triangle having the sides 51 m, 37 m and
5. Check whether the following statement is true or 20 m at the rate of Rs 3 per m2.
false. 12. In a triangle the sides are given as 11 cm, 12 cm
In a triangle the sides are given as 11 cm, 12 cm and 13 cm. Find the length of altitude corresponding
and 13 cm. The length of the altitude is 10.25 cm to the side 11 cm.
corresponding to the side having length 12 cm. 13. Find the area of an isosceles triangle ABC in which
6. If the side of a rhombus is 10 cm and one diagonal AB = AC = 4 cm and ∠A = 90°.
is 16 cm, then find the area of the rhombus.
B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. An isosceles triangle has perimeter 30 cm and 2. Find the area of an equilateral triangle with side
each of the equal sides is 12 cm. Find area of the 10 cm. [T-I (2010)]
triangle. [T-I (2010)]

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Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]

A. Important Questions

1. The perimeter of a triangular field is 420 m and 8. In the figure, find the area of the trapezium PQRS
its sides are in the ratio 6 : 7 : 8. Find the area with height PQ.
of the field.
2. In the figure, find the area of the shaded region.

3. Two sides of a triangle are 50 cm and 78 cm. Its 9. The ratio of the equal side to the base of an
perimeter is 240 cm. Find the altitude on the side isosceles triangle is 3 : 2. If the perimeter of the
of length 50 cm from the opposite vertex. triangle is 32 cm, find its area.
4. A triangle has sides 35 cm, 54 cm and 61 cm 10. The lengths of the two sides of a right triangle
long. Find its area. Also, find the smallest of its containing the right angle differ by 2 cm. If the
altitude.
area of the triangle is 24 cm2, find the perimeter
5. The sides of a triangular field are 41 m, 40 m of the triangle.
and 9 m. Find the number of rose beds that can
be prepared in the field, if each rose bed, on an 11. Calculate the area of the triangle whose sides are
average needs 900 cm2 space. 18 cm, 24 cm and 30 cm in length. Also, find the
length of the altitude corresponding to the smallest
6. A rhombus shaped sheet with perimeter 40 cm and
side.
one diagonal 12 cm is painted on both sides at the
rate of Rs 5 per cm2. Find the cost of painting. 12. A field in the form of a parallelogram has sides
7. Two sides of a triangular field are 85 m and 154 m and 60 m and 40 m and one of its diagonals is 80 m
its perimeter is 324 m. Find the area of the field. long. Find the area of the parallelogram.

B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. The sides of a triangular ground are 5 m, 7 m and 7. Find the area of the triangle whose two sides are
8 m respectively. Find the cost of levelling the ground of measures 13 cm and 14 cm and perimeter is
at the rate of Rs 10 per m2. (use 3 = 1.73) 42 cm. [T-I (2010)]
[T-I (2010)] 8. Sides of a triangle are in the ratio 13 : 14 : 15
2. The perimeter of a right triangle is 24 cm. If its and its perimeter is 84 cm. Find its area.
hypotenuse is 10 cm, find its area. [T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)]
3. Find the area of a quadrilateral ABCD whose sides 9. Find the area of a triangular park, two sides of
AB = 13 cm, BC = 12 cm, CD = 9 cm, DA = 14 cm which are 18 m and 10 m and the perimeter is
and diagonal BD = 15 cm. [T-I (2010)] 42 m. [T-I (2010)]
4. The unequal side of an isosceles triangle is 6 cm and 10. The adjacent sides of a parallelogram ABCD
its perimeter is 24 cm. Find its area. [T-I (2010)] measure 34 cm and 20 cm and the diagonal
5. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio 3 : 5 : 7 and AC measures 42 cm. Find the area of the
its’s perimeter is 300 m. Find its area. [T-I (2010)] parallelogram. [T-I (2010)]
6. A triangular park has sides 120 m, 80 m and 50 m. 11. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio of 12 : 17
A gardener has to put a fence all around it and : 25 and its perimeter is 540 cm. Find its area.
also plant grass inside. How much area does he
[T-I (2010)]
need to plant ? Find the cost of fencing it with
barbed wire at the rate of Rs 20 per metre leaving 12. Find the area of a triangle, two sides of which are
a space 3 m wide for a gate on one side. 60 cm and 100 cm and the perimeter is 300 cm.
[T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)]

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13. Find the area of a triangle with perimeter 22 cm, 20. The base of an isosceles triangle measures 24 cm
one side 9 cm and difference of other two sides and its area is 60 cm2. Find its perimeter.
is 7 cm. [T-I (2010)] [T-I (2010)]
14. Find the height of the trapezium in which parallel 21. Find the area of a triangle whose sides are 6.5 cm,
sides are 25 cm and 10 cm and non-parallel sides 7 cm and 7.5 cm. [T-I (2010)]
are 14 cm and 13 cm. [T-I (2010)]
22. Find the area of a rhombus whose perimeter is
15. The sides of a triangular park are 8 m, 10 m and 200 m and one of the diagonals is 80 m.
6 m respectively. A small circular area of diameter
2 m is to be left out and the remaining area is to [T-I (2010)]
be used for growing roses. How much area is used 23. A triangle and a parallelogram have the same base
for growing roses ? (use p = 3.14) [T-I (2010)] and the same area. If the sides of the triangle are
16. The perimeter of a triangular ground is 900 m and 15 cm, 14 cm and 13 cm and the parallelogram
its sides are in the ratio 3 : 5 : 4. using Heron’s stands on the base 15 cm, find the height of
formula, find the area of the ground. [T-I (2010)] parallelogram. [T-I (2010)]
17. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio 4 : 5 : 5 24. A triangular park in a city has dimensions 30m ×
and its perimeter is 168 m. Find the area of the 26 m × 28 m. A gardener has to plant grass inside
triangle. [T-I (2010)] the park at Rs 1.50 per m2. Find the amount to be
paid to the gardener. [T-I (2010)]
18. Find the perimeter of an isosceles right triangle
having an area of 200 cm2. [T-I (2010)] 25. A garden is in the shape of a quadrilateral. The
sides of the garden are 9 m, 40 m, 28 m and 15 m
19. Two sides of a triangle are 8 cm and 11 cm respectively in consecutive order and the angle
and its perimeter is 32 cm. Find the area of the between first two sides is a right angle. Find the
triangle. [T-I (2010)] area of the garden. [T-I (2010)]

Long Answer Type Questions [4 Marks]

A. Important Questions

1. If each side of a triangle is doubled, then find the 5. The perimeter of a triangle is 50 cm. One side of
ratio of area of the new triangle thus formed and the triangle is 4 cm longer than the smaller side
the given triangle. and the third side is 6 cm less than twice the
2. In the figure, the dimensions of the rectangle smaller side. Find the area of the triangle.
ABCD are 51 cm × 25 cm. A trapezium PQCD 6. In the figure, ABC has sides AB = 7.5 cm, AC = 6.5
with its parallel sides QC and PD in the ratio cm and BC = 7 cm. On base BC a parallelogram
9 : 8, is cut off from the rectangle. If the area of DBCE of same area as that of ABC is constructed.
5 Find the height DF of the parallelogram.
the trapezium PQCD is th part of the rectangle,
6
find the lengths QC and PD.

7. In the figure, find the area of the quadrilateral

3. Two parallel sides of a trapezium are 60 cm and PQRS.
77 cm and other sides are 25 cm and 26 cm. Find
the area of the trapezium.
4. Find the area of the quadrilateral shown in the
figure.

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 Formative Assessment

Activity
Three right triangles are drawn on 1 cm graph paper, as shown below :
Measure each side of the triangles and record the lengths :

N
A
SH
A
K
A
PR
S
ER
TH
O
R
B

I. AB = ____________ cm, BC = ____________ cm, AC = ____________ cm.

II. PQ = ____________ cm, QR = ____________ cm, PR = ____________ cm.
III. XY = ____________ cm, YZ = ____________ cm, XZ = ____________ cm.
Now, find the area of each triangle by
1
(i) Using the formula : Area of a triangle = × base × altitude
2
(ii) Using Heron’s formula.
Check, in each case, whether the areas found by these two methods are equal or not.

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 Project
Objective : To study the various aspects of Heron’s formula.
Procedure : Study the following aspects of the formula.
1. Biography of Heron.
2. Statement of the formula.
3. Proof or verification of the formula that can be given by paper cutting and pasting.
4. Applications of the formula.
Note : Students should feel free for any reference, source such as school library, newspapers, magazines, internet,
etc. to organise the information.
Acknowledgement : Students should mention the names of the individuals who have helped them.
References : Students should mention all the sources they used to collect and organise the data.