Math.
Item 1
(a) (i) Based on the numbers \(12, 20, 22, 10\), it seems like he used a number system less
than four. The only number system less than four is the base three number system which
has digits 0, 1, and 2. Therefore, he most likely used the base three number system to
rewrite his pin.
(ii) To convert the numbers back to base ten, we can use the formula:
\[
N = a_k \times 3^{k} + a_{k-1} \times 3^{k-1} + … + a_1 \times 3 + a_0
\]
Where \(a_i\) are the digits in the base three number system.
For the numbers given:
\(12 = 1 \times 3^1 + 2 \times 3^0 = 3 + 2 = 5\)
\(20 = 2 \times 3^1 + 0 \times 3^0 = 6 + 0 = 6\)
\(22 = 2 \times 3^1 + 2 \times 3^0 = 6 + 2 = 8\)
\(10 = 1 \times 3^1 + 0 \times 3^0 = 3 + 0 = 3\)
Therefore, the original pin is 5623.
(b) (i) The nurse checks on him every 2 hours and the medical doctor checks on him every
4.5 hours. The least common multiple of 2 and 4.5 is 9. Therefore, both the nurse and the
medical doctor will check on him again at the same time 9 hours after their last check,
which would be at 6:30 pm.
(ii) He has to spend the rest of the day visiting the hospital for further checkup. Since he spent
3/8 of the day resting, 1/6 eating, and 2/3 of the remainder having a healthy diet, the time left for
visiting the hospital is:
\[
1 - \left(\frac{3}{8} + \frac{1}{6} + \frac{2}{3}\right) = \frac{1}{24}
\]
Therefore, he has to spend 1/24 of the day visiting the hospital, which is equivalent to 1 hour a
day. In a week, he has to spend 7 hours visiting the hospital.
Item three
(a) The honorable MP should take the following route: Mbarara -> Masaka -> Kampala ->
Mukono -> Kayunga. The shortest distance between Mbarara and Kayunga is the sum of
the distances between the consecutive towns:
\(160 + 150 + 90 + 148 = 548 \mathrm{~km}\).
(b) The total cost he incurred in purchasing the cows can be calculated as follows:
Number of cows bought = 400
Cost of each cow = UGX 850,000
Total cost before discount = 400 * 850,000 = UGX 340,000,000
5% discount on each cow = 0.05 * 850,000 = UGX 42,500
After 5% discount, cost per cow = 850,000 – 42,500 = UGX 807,500
Total cost after 5% discount = 400 * 807,500 = UGX 323,000,000
Additional 10% discount on excess of 250 cows = 0.10 * 807,500 = UGX 80,750
After 10% discount, cost per cow = 807,500 – 80,750 = UGX 726,750
Total cost after 10% discount = 150 * 726,750 + 250 * 807,500 = UGX 317,462,500
Therefore, the total cost incurred in purchasing the cows is UGX 317,462,500.
© The maximum amount of yoghurt he can buy for his guests can be calculated using the
volumes of the buckets:
Volume of smaller bucket = 45 litres = 45,000 cm^3
Volume of larger bucket = 3/2 * 45,000 cm^3 = 67,500 cm^3
Total volume of yoghurt he can buy using the buckets:
4 * 45,000 cm^3 + 2 * 67,500 cm^3 = 270,000 cm^3
Therefore, the maximum amount of yoghurt he can buy for his guests is 270,000 cm^3.
