TUTORIAL OF PHYSICS

January 1, 2022 [TUTORIAL OF PHYSICS]

2022

Umakant Josshi
Institute of Science and
1/1/2022
 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

1. Physics
TUTORIAL 1: MECHANICAL OSCILLATION
1. A wave of frequency 500 cycles / sec. has a phase velocity of 350 m/s. How for apart are two
points 60 degree out of phase. Ans=0.117m
2. The equation of transverse wave travelling in a rope is given by y= 10sin(0.01x-2t) centimeters.
Find the amplitude, frequency, velocity and wave length of the wave.
3. A Linear spring whose force constant is 0.2 N/m hang vertically supporting a 1kg mass at rest. The
mass is pulled down a distance 0.2m and then released. What will be its maximum velocity? Also
find the frequency of vibration. (0.089m/s. 0.071Hz)
4. A Small body of mass 0.1kg is undergoing a SHM of amplitude 0.1m and period 2sec.
(1) What is the maximum force on the body? (2) If the oscillations are produced in the spring,
what should be the force constant? ( Ans 0.0986N)
5. A light spring is suspended from a rigid support and its free end carries a mass of 0.4kg, which
produce an extension of 6cm in the string. The mass is then pulled down further 4cm and then
released so that the mass oscillate with SHM calculate the kinetic energy generated as it passes
through mean position. ( ans 0.0523J)
6. The balance wheel of watch oscillates with an angular amplitude of  rad and period of 0.5sec.
Find (a) maximum angular speed of wheel (b) The angular speed of wheel when the displacement
is /2 rad, and (c) the magnitude of angular acceleration of wheel when its displacement is /4 rad.
( 39.44rad per sec, 34.15 red sec, 123.84 red per sq sec)

7. Show that the time period of oscillation of loaded spring is T=2

8. Show that if a uniform stick of length ‘l’ is mounted so as to rotate about a horizontal asix
perpendicular to the stick and at a distance ‘d’ from the center of gravity the period has minimum
value when d=0.289l. ( Ans 0.289 l)
9. A thin straight uniform road of length l=1m and mass m= 160gm hangs from a pivot at one end.
(a) What is its time period for small amplitude oscillation? (b) What is the length of a simple
pendulum that will have the same time period? ( ans 1.63 sec, 0.66m)
10. A sinusoidal wave travels along a string. The time for a particular point to move from maximum
displacement to zero is 0.17s. What are the (a) Period and frequency (b) The wavelength is 1.4m,
what is the wave speed? ( 0.68 sec , 1.47Hz, 2.05 m/s)
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TUTORIAL 2: WAVE MOTION

1. A stretched string has linear density 525 gm/m and is under tension of 45N. A sinusoidal wave
with frequency 120 Hz and amplitude 8.5 mm is sent along the string from one end. At what
average rate does the wave transport energy. ( Ans99..74 watt)
2. A source of sound has a frequency of 512 Hz and amplitude of 0.25 cm. What is the flow of
energy across a square cm per second. If the velocity of sound in air is 340m/s and density of air is
0.00129 gm/cm cube.( ans 1.417 watt/sq cm )
3. A stretched string has linear mass density of 5gm/cm and tension of 10N. A wave on this string
has an amplitude of 0.12mm and a frequency of 100 Hz and is travelling in –ve x direction. Write
the wave equation with appropriate units.
4. If the intensity of wave is 1 x w/meter square at 50km from a source, what is the intensity at
10 km from the source. ( ans 2.5 x watt/ sq meter)
5. The equation of the transverse wave on a string is y= (2mm)sin[(20/m)x-(600/s)t]. The tension on
the string is 15 N. (a) What is the wave speed (b) Find the linear density of the string in gm/m.(
ans 30 m/s, 16.67gm/m)
6. Calculate the ratio of intensity of following two waves y1= 6sin(0.4t-25x) cm and y2= 2.5 sin(3.2t-
200x) cm. ( ans 0.09 )
7. Here are the equation of three waves (1) y(x,t)= 2sin (4x-2t), y(x,t)=2sin(3x-4t) and
y(x,t)=2sin(2x-3t). Write down the equation in accordance with (a) wave speed (b) maximum
particle velocity in descending order. ( ans 1.33 , 8)
8. A wave of frequency 500 cycles/sec has a phase velocity of 350 m/s (a) How far apart are two
points 60 degree out phase (b) what is the phase difference between two displacement at certain
points at times sec apart. ( ans 0.116m,  rad)
9. One end of 14 m long rubber with total mass 0.8kg is fastened to a fixed support. A cord attached
to the other end passes over a pulley and supports and object with mass of 7.5 kg. The struck a
transverse blow at one end. Find the time required for the pulse to reach to reach the other end. (
ans 0.39 sec )
10. Calculate the wave length, frequency, speed of the wave and the maximum particle velocity in the
wave represented by y=20sin (2t-0.05x), the values of x and y are in cm.

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 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

11. Calculate frequency of vibration of air particles in plane progressive wave of amplitude 2.18
x w/ , the velocity of sound inair is 340m/s and density of the air is 0.00129gm/cc.( ans
493 Hz)
12. A progressive and stationary simple harmonic wave having frequency 250Hz and each having
same velocity 30m/s i) determine the phase difference between two vibrating point in progressive
wave at a distance of 10cm ii) wave equation of progressive wave if amplitude is 0.03m. iii)
distance between nodes in stationary wave. ( ans 5.24 degree, 0.06m)
13. A stretched string has linear density 525gm/m and its under the tension of 45N. A sinusoidal wave
with frequency 120Hz and amplitude 8.5mm is sent along the string from one end. At what rate

does the wave transport energy ( ans 99.74 watt) hint ( and velocity

of wave ( density of air S0.00129gm/cc. =1.29kg/m^3).

14. A source of sound has a frequency of 512Hz and amplitude of 0.25cm. What is the flow of energy
across a square cm per second? If the velocity of sound in air is 340m/s and density of air is ( Ans
1.417watt/cc)
15. Calculate the ratio of intensity of following two waves
( ans 0.09)
16. A wave of frequency 500cycle/second has a phase velocity of 350m/s i) how far apart are two
points out of phase ii) what is the phase difference between two displacement at certain point
at times sec apart.
17. Calculate the frequency of vibration of air particle in plane progressive wave of amplitude
m and intensity the velocity of sound in air is 340m/s and density of air is
0.00129gm/cc ( ans 493Hz)
18. A sinusoidal wave travel along a strings, the time for a particular point to move from maximum
displacement to zero is 0.17 S. What are the
• Period and frequency?
• The wavelength is 1.40m, what is the wave speed?

TUTORIAL 3: ACOUSTIC
1. The time of reverberation of an empty hall and with 500 audiences in the hall is 1.5 sec and 1.4 sec
respectively. Find the reverberation time with 800 audience in the hall. ( ans 1.346 sec)

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2. The volume of room is 600 , wall area of room is 220 sq meter , the floor and ceiling area each
is 120 sq meter. If average absorption coefficient four wall is 0.03, for ceiling is 0.8 and for floor is
0.06 calculate average absorption coefficient and reverberation time. ( Ans 0.239 )
3. A lecturer hall with a volume of 4500 , is found to have a reverberation time of 1.5 sec. What
is the total absorption power of the all surfaces in the hall? If the area of the sound absorption
surfaces is 1600 sq meter, Calculate average absorption coefficient. ( Ans 0.3)
4. What is the reverberation time for hall width length 12m and breadth 11m and height 9m. if
coefficient of absorption of wall, ceiling and floor are 0.02,0.04 and 0.08 respectively( ans 7.78
sec )
5. Calculate the reverberation time of small hall of 1500 , having seating capacity of 120 person
when i). the hall empty and ii) with full capacity of the audience for the following data ( ans
2.99 sec, 1.8 sec )

Surfaces Areas ( sq meter) Coefficient of absorption

Plastered wall 120 0.03
Wooden floor 130 0.06
Plastered ceiling 170 0.04
Wooden doors 20 0.06
Chairs 120 0.5
Audience 120 0.44

6. A hall with floor is 450 sq meter along with height of 6m in which 500 peoples occupy of
upholsters seat and reminder seat on wooden chair, optimum reverberation time for orchestral
music is 1.34 sec and absorption coefficient per person is 0.44 i) calculate the total absorption to
be provided by the walls , floor and ceiling when the hall is fully occupied, ii)calculate the
reverberation time if only half upholstered seat are occupied. (α=0.02 for each wooden chair ) (
ans 98.36, 2 sec )
7. The time of reverberation of an empty hall is 1.5 sec with 500 audience present in the hall the
reverberation time fall to 1.4 sec. find the number of person present in the hall if the reverberation
time falls down to 1.312 sec( Ans 1003)

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8. Lecturer hall of volume 12x . Has a total absorption of 13200 sq meter of pen window unit.
Entry of students into the hall raises the absorption by another 13200 sq meter of open window
unite find the change in reverberation time.( Ans 0.72 sec)
9. The size of an empty assembly of bell has dimension1500 and the reverberation time is 3.5
second. What area of the wall should be covered by curtain clothes to reduced the reverberation
time by 2.5sec if the absorption coefficient of curtain clothes is 0.5 also calculate the average
absorption coefficient of the bell. ( Ans , 4.6x )

TUTORIAL 4: PHYSICAL OPTICS

Interference of light wave
1. In Newton’s ring experiment diameter of 15th ring was found to be 0.59cm and that of 5th ring was
0.336cm. If the radius of plano-convex lens is 100cm, Calculate the wavelength of light used
(Ans 5880 )
2. Newton’s rings formed by sodium light between a flat glass plate and a convex lens are viewed
normally. What will be the order of dark ring which will have double the diameter of 40th ring. (
Ans 160)
3. In Newton’s ring experiment the radius of 4th ring and 12th ring are 0.26cm and 0.37cm
respectively. Find the diameter of 24th ring. ( Ans: 0.912 cm)
4. In Newton’s ring experiment the diameter of of 10th ring change from 1.4 to 1.27cm when a liquid
is introduced between the lens and plate. Calculate the refractive index of liquid (Ans: 1.215)
5. The radii of nth and (n+20)th bright ring in Newton’s ring experiments are 0.162cm and 0.368cm
respectively. Calculate the radius of curvature of lower surface of lens (wavelength of light is
=546nm) ( Ans: 99.98cm)
6. A soap film cm thickness is viewed at an angle of to the normal. Find the wavelength
of light in visible spectrum which will be absent from reflected light ( =1.33)
7. In Newton’s ring Experiments a source emitting two wavelength m and m is
used. It is found that nth dark ring due to one wavelength coincides with (n+1)th dark ring due to
other. Find the diameter of the nth dark ring if the radius of curvature of lens is 0.9 m ( ans
1.128cm).

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8. Newton’s ring is formed by reflected light of wavelength 5895 with a liquid between the plane
and curve surfaces. If the diameter of 6th bright ring is 3mm and radius of curve surface is 100cm,
calculate the refractive index of the liquid ( Ans 1.442)
9. In Newton’s ring arrangement the diameter of 5th ring was 0.236cm and that of 15th ring 0.590cm
find the radius of curvature of lens if the wavelength is 5284
10. A planoconvex lens of radius 300cm is placed on optically flat glass plate and is illuminate by
monochromatic light. The diameter of 8th dark ring in the transmitted system is 0.72cm. Calculate
the wavelength of light used ( Ans: 5760 )
11. In a Newton’s ring experiment, if a drop of water ( =4/3) be placed in between the lens and plate,
the diameter of the 10th ring is found to be 0.6cm. Obtained the radius of curvature, if the
wavelength of light used is 6000 (ans 200cm)
12. Newton’s rings are formed by reflected light of wavelength 5895 with a liquid between the
plane and curve surface, if the diameter of 5th bright ring is 3mm and radius of curvature is 100cm,
Calculate the refractive index of liquid. ( Ans: 1.179)
13. Newton’s rings are observed in reflected light of wavelength 5.9x cm. The diameter of 10th
dark ring is 0.5cm. Find the radius of curvature and thickness of air film. (1.059m,
2.95x )
14. In a Newton ring Experiment the diameter of 12th ring changes from 1.50cm to 1.35cm when a
liquid is introduced between the lens and plate. Calculate the refractive index of liquid ( Ans
1.235)

DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT
1. A diffraction grating has rulings uniformly spread over a width of 25.4mm.It is
illuminated at normal incidence by a yellow light from sodium lamp. This light contains two
closely spaced spaced emission lines of wavelength 589nm and 589.59nm. Find the angular
separation between two lines in the first order ( Ans; 0.018 degree)
2. diffraction pattern of single slit of width 0.5cm is formed by a lens of focal length 40cm. Calculate
the distance between first dark and next bright fringe from the axis of light of Wavelength 4890
( ans )

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3. A monochromatic light of wavelength 5890 is incident normally on a diffracting grating which

has 6000 lines per cm (a) At what angle will be the second order image be seen? (b) Can you
obtain the third order image with this grating? (ans 44.97degree)
4. A diffraction grating 3cm wide produces the second order at 33 degree with light of wavelength
600nm. What is the total number of lines in the grating? (ans 13616 lines) hint total number of
lines=NW, a+b=1/N
5. Assume that the limits of visible spectrum are arbitrary chosen as 430nm and 680nm. Calculate the
number of ruling per millimetre of a grating that will spread the first order spectrum through angle
of 20 degree.
6. A diffraction grating 20mm wide and has 6000 rulings (i) Calculate the distance between the
adjacent rulings (ii) At what angles will intensity maximum occur on viewing screen if the
radiation incident on the grating has a wavelength 589nm? (ans m n=1,2,3,4 and 5)
7. Find the angular width of central maximum of diffraction pattern due to single slit of width
12* cm when the slit is illuminated by a monochromatic light of wavelength 6000 (Ans
θ=30 and 2θ=60)
8. What separation is produced between the spectral lines by a grating of 2000lines per cm in the
second order diffraction pattern when it is illuminated normally by a light that contain wavelength
6000 and 6010 . Distance between grating and screen is 50cm. (ans 0.02cm)
9. Plane diffraction grating has 5000 lines per cm. How many maxima can be observed when a plane
wave of wavelength 5500 is made to incident on it? ( ans 4)
10. Deduce the missing orders for a double slit fraunhoffesr diffraction pattern, if the slit width are
0.16mm and 0.8mm apart ans 6,12,18....)
11. Find the angular separation between the spectral lines in the second and third order when a plane
transmission grating of 3000 lines per meter is illuminated by a plane wave of wavelength 6000
12. What is the highest order of diffraction which may be seen with monochromatic light of
wavelength 6000 by a means of plane transmission grating 5000 lines per cm?
13. Light is incident normally on a grating 0.5cm wide with 2500lines, Find the angle of diffraction
for principle maxima of sodium light of wavelength 5890
14. Light is incident normally on a grating 0.5cm wide with 2500lines, Find the angle of diffraction
for principle maxima of two sodium lines of the first order spectrum 5890 and

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15. A parallel beam of monochromatic light is allowed to incident normally on a plane transmission
grating having 5000 lines per cm and third order spectral line is found to be diffracted through 35
degree. Calculate the wavelength of light used
16. If a and b be the slit width and opaque width respectively in a fraunhoffers double slit diffraction
, deduce the missing order.
17. A plane diffraction grating is illuminated by a source which emits two spectral lines of
wavelength 420nm 600nm. Show that third order line of one of this wavelength is diffracted
through a greater angle than 4th order of the other wavelength.
18. A plane transmission grating has 4000 lines per cm. The light is normally incident on grating. A
sources of light has wavelength 6560 and 4100 . Compute the angular separation between
these lines in
(i) first order and (ii) second order.

Polarization of light
1. A 200m long tube containing 48cm cube of sugar solution produced on optical rotation of
when placed on a saccharimeter. If specific rotation of sugar solution is . Calculate the quality

of sugar contained in tube in the form of solution ( Ans C=0.0808, g=4gm) ( hint C=

2. Determine the specific rotation of sugar solution if plane of polarized is turned through
length of tube containing 10% sugar solution is 20cm. ( Ans )
3. A length of 25cm of a solution containing 50gm of solute per litre gives rotation of plane
polarization by . Find the rotation plane polarized light by length of 75cm containing 100gm

solute per litre ( ans ) ( hint C= )

4. A beam of plane polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light by passing it through a
crystal of thickness m. Calculate the difference in refractive index of two rays inside the
crystal of wavelength of light is 600nm ( Ans )a pieces of
5. Plane polarized light is incident on piece of quartz cut parallel to the axis. Find the least thickness
foe which the ordinary and extraordinary rays combine to form plane polarized light
given and = cm (Ans 2.75* cm)

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6. A sugar solution in a tube of length 20cm produces optical rotation of 13 degree. The solution is
then diluted to 1/3 rd of its previous concentration. Find the optical rotation produced by 30cm
long tube containing the diluted solution ( Ans 6.5 degee)
7. A sugar solution produced an optical rotation of 9.9 degree when in a place in a tube of length
20cm, If the specific rotation of sugar is 66 degree, find the concentration of sugar solution in
gram per litre. ( Ans 75 gm per litre 1 litre= 1000cc)
8. The thickness of calcite plate to produce plane polarized light is 8.56* cm, the principal
refractive index are , and =
TUTORIAL 5: ELECTROSTATICS
1. A 100μF Capacitor is charged to a potential difference of 50 Volts. The charging battery is then
disconnected and the capacitor is connected to second capacitor in parallel. If the measured
potential drops to 35 volts, what is the capacitance of second capacitor.
2. Obtain the charging time constant of a capacitor in a RC circuit such that current through the
resistor is decreased by 50% of its peak value in 5 seconds.
3. Obtain the time constant of a capacitor in RC circuit such that the current through the resistor
increases to one third of its peak value in 5 second.
4. The magnitude of average electric field normally present in the earth’s atmosphere just above the
surface of earth is about 150N/C directed downward (radially inward towards the center of earth).
What is the net surface charge carried by the earth? Assume earth as a conductor.
5. Calculate the potential and field due to a dipole of dipole moment 4.5 x10-10 C m, at a distance of
1m from it.
i. On its axis
ii. On its perpendicular bisector
6. What is the magnitude of electric charge which produces a field of strength 2 N/C at a distance of
50 cm from the charge?
7. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 100x10-12F, plate area 100 cm2 with mica (K = 7) used
as dielectric is kept at 50V potential difference. Calculate the electric field intensity and magnitude
of induced charge.
8. Calculate the capacitance of capacitor which can store 1q charge when plates are at a distance 1m
apart having area 10m2. Calculate the new capacitance when a dielectric medium of constant 4 is
placed between the plates.

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9. Two capacitors having capacitances 100μF and C respectively are charged separately across
potential 110V and 100V respectively. After fully charged, the emf sources are removed and the
capacitors are connected in parallel. The potential across capacitor is now found to be 105V. Find
the value of C.
10. Two electrical charges of magnitudes 1μC and 2μC lie on two vertices of an equilateral triangle of
side length 1m. Calculate the electric field intensity at the third vertex of triangle.
11. A storage capacitor of capacitance 55μF is charged to potential difference of 5.3V. How many
electrons are on its negative plates?
12. Find the potential at the centre of the square having charges 2x10-6C, 3x10-6C, 4x10-12C and -
4x10-12C on its corners having side length of 1m.
13. What distance should the plates each of area 0.2m×0.1m of an air capacitor be placed in order to
have the same capacitance as a spherical conductor of radius 0.5m?
TUTORIAL 6: ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM
1. A circular loop of wire 5cm in radius carries a current of 150A what is the energy density at the
centre of loop.
2. How many “times constant” must be wait for the current in LR circuit to built up to within 0.1% of
its equilibrium value?
3. A 50v Pd is suddenly applied to a coil with L=40mH and R= 150.At what rate, is the current
increasing after 0.01 second.
4. A capacitor c is discharging through a resistor R after how many times constant, will its change
fall to one half of its initial value.
5. Calculated the flux density at the centre of coil if there are 100 turns wound on a solenoid 25cm
long and carrying a current of 3A. (Ans : 1.5mT)
6. A solenoid 1.3m long and 2.5cm in diameter carries a current of 18A. The magnetic field inside
the solenoid is 23mT. Find the length of wire forming a solenoid. (Ans: 108m)
7. A 200 turns solenoid having a length of 25cm and diameter of 10cm carries a current of 0.3A.
calculated the magnetic field inside the solenoid. (ans 0.3mT)
8. In a hall experiment, a current of 3A length wise conductor 1cm wide, 4cm long and 10 m thick
produced a transverse hall voltage of 10 v, when a magnetic field of 1.5T passed perpendicular to
the thin conductor calculate the i) drift velocity ii) Number density of charge carrier.

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9. A copper strip of 2cm wide and 1mm thick is placed in a magnetic field of 1.5T. If a current of
200a is set up in the strip, what hall pd appear across a strip(n=8.4 x )
10. A coil has an inductance of 5H and resistance of 20. If a 100v emf is applied, what energy is
stored in the magnetic field after the current has built up to its maximum value (ans 5A and 62J)
11. The current in LR curcit builds up to one third of its steady state value in 5 second. what is the
inductive time constant? (ans 12.3sec)
12. The inductance of a closed packed coil of 400 turns is 8mH. What is the magnetic flux through the
coil when the current is 5 x A. (ans weber).
13. What is the initial rate of increasing current and final saturation current in LR circuit with
L=15mH , R=24 ohms and emf =10 volt
TUTORIAL 7: ELECTROMAGNETISM
1. Obtain the charging time constant of a capacitor in a RC circuit such that current through a
resister is decrease by 50% of its peak value in 5 seconds.
2. Calculate the speed of transverse wave in a rope of length 20cm having 60gm of wire under the
tension of 500N.
3. An LC circuit is converted into LCR circuit inserting a resistance of 10. Calculate the
percentage change in the frequency in this conversion .Given inductance = 10mH and capacitance
= 10 F.
4. What is the initial rate of increase of current and final saturation current in RL circuit with L=
15mH, R= 24 and emf= 10 volt?
5. The fast moving neutron has wave associated with it, whose De-broglie wavelength is
find phase velocity, group velocity and kinetic energy. (mass of neutron
= )

6. Prove that where the symbol carry their usual meaning.

7. A light beam travelling in X- direction is describe by electric field

electron is constrained to move in Y - direction with speed . Find the maximum

electric and magnetic force on electron.

8. For a 50 kHz FM radio station, find the maximum magnitude of electric and magnetic field at a
distance of 100km from Antenna. Assuming that the antenna ( Ans: 5.77x10^-11T, 1.73x10^-
3N/C)

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9. If the earth receives 2 cal/min-cm^2 solar energy. Calculate for sunlight (Ans:
3.4x10^-6T and 1020v/m)
10. The maximum electric field at a distance of 10m from an isotropic point light source is 2V/M. i)
What is the average intensity of light source ii) What is the power of source. ( Ans: 5.3x10^-
3W/m^2, 1.67 watt)
11. A sinusoidal varying voltage is applied across a 8 F capacitor. The frequency of voltage is 3 kHz
and voltage amplitude is 30v.Find the maximum value of displacement current. (Ans: 4.52A)
12. At some distance from transmittion of radio station, the magnitude of EM wave emitted by a radio
station is found to be . If frequency of broadcast is 1020 KHz then find the speed,
wavelength, and maximum electric field of EM wave.
13. Calculate the maximum value of magnetic field and average intensity of light , if the maximum
electric field at at a distance of 10m from an isotropic light source is 2 V/m. ( Ans: 6.67x10^-9T,
5.31x10^-3W/m^2).
14. What is the displacement current for a capacitor having radius 5 cm and electric field
8.9x V/m.S. ( Ans 0.62A).
15. An observer is 1.8m from an isotropic point of light source whose power is 250watt. Calculate the
rms value of electric and magnetic field due to the source at the position of observer ( Ans: 48.11
V/m, 1.61x10^-7 T).
16. Obtain the charging time constant of a capacitor in a RC circuit such that current through a resister
is decrease by 50% of its peak value in 5 seconds.
17. An LC circuit is converted into LCR circuit inserting a resistance of 10. Calculate the percentage
change in the frequency in this conversion .Given inductance = 10mH and capacitance = 10 F.
18. What is the initial rate of increase of current and final saturation current in RL circuit with L=
15mH, R= 24 and emf= 10 volt?
19. What is Displacement Current? Derive the continuity equation using Maxwell equations.
20. Obtain all four Maxwell’s equations in free space in term of Electric field vector and magnetic
field vector write significance of each equation.
21. What are Maxwell equations? Convert the integral form of Maxwell equation into differential
form.

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22. For a 50 kHz FM radio station, find the maximum magnitude of electric and magnetic field at a
distance of 100km from Antenna. Assuming that the antenna radiate equally in all direction ( Ans:
5.77x10^-11T, 1.73x10^-3N/C)
23. If the earth receives 2 cal/min-cm^2 solar energy. Calculate for sunlight (Ans:
3.4x10^-6T and 1020v/m)
24. The maximum electric field at a distance of 10m from an isotropic point light source is 2V/M. i)
What is the average intensity of light source ii) What is the power of source. ( Ans: 5.3x10^-
3W/m^2, 1.67 watt)
25. A sinusoidal varying voltage is applied across a 8 F capacitor. The frequency of voltage is 3 kHz
and voltage amplitude is 30v.Find the maximum value of displacement current. (Ans: 4.52A)
26. At some distance from transmission of radio station, the magnitude of EM wave emitted by a radio
station is found to be . If frequency of broadcast is 1020 KHz then find the speed,
wavelength, and maximum electric field of EM wave.
27. Calculate the maximum value of magnetic field and average intensity of light , if the maximum
electric field at at a distance of 10m from an isotropic light source is 2 V/m. ( Ans: 6.67x10^-9T,
5.31x10^-3W/m^2).
28. An observer is 1.8m from an isotropic point of light source whose power is 250watt. Calculate the
rms value of electric and magnetic field due to the source at the position of observer ( Ans: 48.11
V/m, 1.61x10^-7 T)
29. A light beam travelling in X- direction is describe by electric field electron

is constrained to move in Y - direction with speed . Find the maximum electric and
magnetic force on electron
30. Calculate the speed of transverse wave in a rope of length 20cm having 60gm of wire under the
tension of 500N.
31. The fast moving neutron has wave associated with it, whose De-broglie wavelength is
find phase velocity, group velocity and kinetic energy.(mass of neutron = )
TUTORIAL 8: PHOTON AND MATTER WAVE
1. Explain the physical significance of wave function ψ. Discuss and find the Eigen function of the
particle travelling in one dimensional box of infinite height
2. An electron is moving in a wave has wave function ψ(x)= 2sin 2x. Find the probability of the
electron forming in the region x= 0.25 to 0.5m
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 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

3. Normalize the one-dimensional wave function

i) Ψ(x) = Asin , 0 < x < a

ii) =0 outside
4. A particle is moving in a one dimensional box of infinite probability of finding the particle within
the range at the centre of when it is in the lowest energy state.

5. Prove that where the symbol carry their usual meaning.

6. Derive the expression for Schrödinger time independent and time dependent wave equations.
7. An electron in confined to an infinite potential box of width 0.1nm calculate ground state energy
of electron how can this electron can be put 3rd energy state.
8. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron having energy 10kev.
9. An electron has de-Broglie find the kinetic Energy, phase velocity and group
velocity of an electron moving.
10. an electron is trapped in an infinite potential well having width “a” such that
i) V= o for O < x < a
ii) V= ⧝ for outside the range
11. Prove that energy in potential well is quantized, Using boundary condition.
ASSIGNMENT 1: PHOTON AND MATTER WAVE
1. Calculate the wavelength associated with an electron subjected to a potential difference of 1.25
KV.

2. Find the energy of the neutron in units of eV. Which de-Broglie wavelength is 1 .
Given mass of neutron = 1.67 × .

3. What voltage must be applied to an electron microscope to produce electron of wavelength 0.50
.

4. An electron is confined to an infinite height box of size 0.1 . Calculate the ground state
energy of the electron. How this electron can be put to the third energy level?


5. The wave function of a particle confined in a box of length is ψ(x) = sin . Calculate

the probability of finding the particle in length 0 to .

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6. Calculate the probability of transmission of α particle through the rectangular barrier

indicated below. Height of the barrier ( ) = 2 , energy of α particle ( ) = 1 barrier
width ( ) = 1 , mass of α particle ( ) = 6.4 × g.

ASSIGNMENT 2: PHOTON AND MATTER WAVE

1. A beam of electrons having energy of each 3eV is incident on a potential barrier of height
4eV. If the width of the barrier is 20 , calculate the transmission coefficient of the beam
through the barrier.

2. A non relativistic particle is moving three times as fast as an electron. The ratio of the
deBroglie wavelength of the particle to that of the electron is 1.813 × . Calculate the
mass of the particle.

3. Using the uncertainty principle, calculate the minimum uncertainty in velocity when an
electron is confined to a length ∆ = 1 . Given, m = 9.1 × Kg, h = 6.6 ×

Js.(Formula:- ∆ ∆ ≥ , where ∆x is uncertainty in position and ∆p is uncertainty



of momentum)

4. An electron is confined in an one dimensional infinite potential well of width a, the

potential energy is V = 0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ and V = ∞ for x ≤ 0 and x ≥ . Find the Eigen
 
functions ψ (x) = A sin ( ) and energy Eigen values =

5. Calculate the permitted energy levels of an electron in one dimensional potential well of
width 0.2 nm

ASSIGNMENT 3:MECHANICAL OSCILLATIONS

1. An oscillatory motion of a body is represented by = where is displacement in
time , is amplitude and is angular frequency. Show that the motion is simple
harmonic.
2. A linear spring whose force constant is 0.2 / hangs vertically supporting a 1 mass at
rest. The mass is pulled down a distance 0.2 and then released. What will be its
maximum velocity and also find the frequency of vibration?

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3. A small body of mass 0.1 under going SHM of amplitude 0.1 and time period 2 .
(i) What is the maximum force on the body? (ii) If the oscillations are produced on the
spring, what should be the force constant?
4. An oscillating block spring system has mechanical energy of 1.18 and amplitude of 9.84
and maximum speed of 1.22 / , find (i) The force constant of spring (ii) The mass of
the block (iii) The frequency of oscillation.
5. The balance wheel of watch oscillates with angular amplitude of and the period of
0.5 . Find (i) maximum angular speed of wheel, (ii) The angular speed of wheel, when
the displacement is 2 . And (iii) Magnitude of angular acceleration of wheel, when its
displacement is 4 . 6. A mass of 2 kg is suspended from a spring of spring constant
18 N/m. If the un-damped frequency is 2/√3 times the damped frequency, what will be its
damping factor?
7. If the relaxation time of a damped harmonic oscillator is 50 sec. Find the time in which the
amplitude falls to 1 3 times the initial value and energy of the system falls to 1 4 of its
initial value. Electromagnetic Oscillation
8. A radio tuner has a frequency range from 500 KHz to 5 MHz. If its LC circuit has an
effective inductance of 400 μH. What is the range of its variable capacitor? ∴ Range of
variable capacitor is 2.535 × 10−12 2.535 × 10−10 .
9. A circuit has L = 10 mH and Capacitance C = 10 μF. How much resistance should be
added to circuit so that frequency of oscillation will be 1 % less than that of LC oscillation?
10. If 10 mH inductor and two capacitor of 5 μF and 2 μF are given. Find the two resonance
frequencies that can be obtained by connecting these elements in different ways.
11. In an oscillating LC circuit, what value of charge expressed in terms of maximum charge is
present on the capacitor when the energy is shared equally between the electric and
magnetic fields? At what time will this condition occur, assuming the capacitor is fully
charged initially? Assume that = 10 and =1 .
12. What resistance ‘R’ should be connected in series with an inductance 220 mH and
capacitance 12 µF for the maximum charge on the capacitor to decay to 99% of its initial
value in 50 Cycles.

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13. A series LCR circuit has inductance 12 mH, Capacitance 1.6 µF and resistance 1.5 Ω i) At
what time the amplitude of charge oscillation will be 50 % of its initial value ii) To how
many periods of oscillation does this happen
ASSIGNMENT4:MECHANICAL & ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS
14. A simple pendulum of length 40 cm and mass 50 gm is suspended in a car that is travelling
with a constant speed 40 m/sec around a circle of radius 100 m. If the pendulum goes small
oscillation in a radial direction about its equilibrium position, what will be its frequency of
oscillation?
15. The amplitude of lightly damped oscillator decreases by 3% during each cycle. What
fraction of the energy of the oscillator is lost in each full oscillation?
16. In damped harmonic motion, calculate the time in which (i) its amplitude and (ii) its
energy falls to 1/e of its un-damped value if the mass of the system is 0.25 gm and
damping constant is 0.01g/s?
17. A 750 gm block oscillates on the end of a spring whose force constant is 56 N/m. The mass
moves in a fluid which offers a resistive force F = −bv, where b = 0.162 Ns/m. What is the
period of the oscillation?
Electromagnetic Oscillation
18. A 2 µF capacitor is charged up to 50 V. The battery is disconnected and 50 mH coil is
connected across the capacitor so that LC oscillation to occur. Calculate the maximum
value of current in the circuit.
19. A circuit has L = 1.2 mH, C = 1.6 µF and R = 1.5 Ω. (a) After what time t will the
amplitude of the charge oscillation drop to one half of its initial value. (b) To how many
periods does this correspond?
20. What should be the capacitance of a capacitor in a tuned circuit of frequency 10 MHz
having an inductance of 0.01 mH? The resistance of the circuit is negligible?
21. A 20 mH inductor and 600 µF capacitor form an oscillating circuit. What is the peak value
of current if the initial charge is 60 µC?
22. A circuit has L = 5 mH and C = 2 µF. How much resistance must be inserted in the circuit
to reduce the resonance frequency by 5 %.
23. Calculate the resonating frequency and quality factor of a circuit having 0.02 µF
capacitance, 8 mH inductance and 0.25 Ω resistance

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ASSIGNMENT 5: WAVE MOTION

1. A stretched string has linear density 525 gm/m and is under tension of 45 N and sinusoidal
wave with frequency 120 Hz and amplitude 8.5 mm is stretched along a string from one
end. At what average rate does the wave transport energy?
2. A source of sound has a frequency of 512 Hz and amplitude of 0.25 cm. What is the flow
of energy across a square cm per second? If the velocity of sound in air is 340 m/sec.
3. The equation of transverse wave travelling in a rope is given by y = 10 sinπ (0.01x − 2t)cm.
Find the amplitude, frequency, velocity and wave length of the wave.
4. In simple harmonic motion when the displacement is one half the amplitude. What fraction
of total energy is the kinetic energy and what fraction is potential energy. At what
displacement is the energy half kinetic and half potential energy?
5. The equation of transverse wave on a string is y = (2.0 mm) sin[(20 m−1 )x − (600 s −1 )t].
The tension on the string is 15 N. What is the wave speed? Find the linear density of the
string in gm/m. 6. The speed of transverse wave on a string is 170 m/s when the string
tension is 120 N. To what value must the tension be changed to raise the wave speed to 180
m/s
7. A rod vibrating at 12 Hz generates harmonic waves with amplitude of 1.5 mm in a string of
linear mass density 2 gm/m. If the tension on the string is 15 N, What is the average power
supplied by the source?
8. A string has linear density of 625 gm/m and is stretched with a tension 50 N. A wave,
whose frequency and amplitude are 160 Hz and 10 mm respectively, is travelling along the
string. At what average rate is the wave transporting energy along the string?
9. The elastic limit of steel forming a piece of wire is equal to 2.7 × . what is the
maximum speed at which transverse wave pulses can propagate along this wire without
exceeding this stress? (Density of steel = 7.89 ×
ASSIGNMENT6:PHYSICAL OPTICS
Interference
1. White light is incident in soap film at an angle sin−1 ( 4 5 ) and the reflected light on
examination by spectrometer shows dark bands. The consecutive dark bands correspond to

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 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

wavelength 6.1 × cm and 6 × cm. if µ = 1.33 for the film, calculate the
thickness.
2. In Newton’s ring experiment, the radius of curvature of lens is 5 cm and the lens diameter
is 20 mm. (a) How many bright fringes are produced? Assume that λ = 589 nm (b) How
many bright rings are produced if the arrangement were immersed in water ( µ = 1.33).
3. Light of wavelength 6000 A falls normally on a thin wedge shape thin film of refractive
index 1.4, forming fringes that are 2 mm apart. Find the angle of the wedge.
4. Newton’s ring formed by sodium light viewed normally. What is the order of the dark ring
which will have double the diameter of 50th ring?
5. A soap film 5 × thick is viewed at an angle of 35 degree to the normal. Find the
wavelength of visible light which will be absent from the reflected light.
6. A plano-convex lens of radius 300 cm is placed on an optically flat glass plate and is
illuminated by monochromatic light. The diameter of the 8th dark ring in the transmitted
system is 0.72 cm. Calculate the wavelength of light used.
7. Newton’s rings are observed in reflected light of wavelength 5900 A. The diameter of the
10th dark ring is 50 mm. Find the radius of curvature of lens and thickness of the air film.
Diffraction
8. A diffraction grating used at normal incidence gives a line (540 nm) in a certain order
superposed on the violet line (405 nm) of the next higher order. How many lines per cm are
there in the grating if the angle of diffraction is 30 degree
9. A grating with 250 groves/ mm is used with an incandescent light source. Assume visible
spectrum to range in wavelength from 400 to 700 nm. In how many orders can one see the
entire visible spectrum?
10. In a Fraunhofer single slit diffraction, a convex length of focal length 20 cm is placed just
after the slit of width 0.6 nm. If a plane wave of wavelength 6000 Ao falls on slits
normally, calculate the separation between the second minima on either side of central
maxima.
11. Light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on a slit of width 0.1 mm. Calculate the
intensity at =0 .

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12. Light is incident normally on a grating of total ruled width 5 × 10−3 with 2500 lines in
all. Find the angular separation of the sodium lines in the first order spectrum. Wavelength
of lenses are 589 × 10−9 and 589.6 × 10−9 . Can they be seen distinctly?
13. A screen containing two slits 0.1 mm apart is 1m from the viewing screen. Light of
wavelength 500 nm falls on the slits from a distant source. Approximately how far apart
will the bright interference fringes be seen on the screen?
14. What is the highest order spectrum which may be seen with monochromatic light of
wavelength 600 nm by means of a diffraction grating with 4500 lines/cm.
15. A grating of width 2.8 cm has 6000 lines. What is the minimum difference in wavelength
that can be resolved in second order at 550 nm?
16. In a double slit experiment, the distance between the slit is 5mm and the slits are 1 m from
the screen. Two interference patterns can be seen on the screen; one due to light of
wavelength 480 nm and the other due to light of wavelength 600 nm. What is the
separation on the screen between the third-order bright fringes of two interference patterns?
17. Assume that the limits of the visible spectrum are arbitrary chosen as 430 nm and 680 nm.
Calculate the no of rulings per millimeter of a grating that will spread the firstorder
spectrum through an angle of 20 degree.
18. In a grating the sodium doublet (5890 , 5896 ) is viewed in third order at 30 degree
to the normal and is resolved. Determine the grating element and the total width of the
rulings.
Polarization
19. Light of wavelength 580 nm falls on a calcite crystal of certain thickness. The emerging
light is circularly polarized. What must be thickness of such crystal?
20. A 30 cm long polarimeter tube containing 50 cm3 of sugar solution produces an optical
rotation 14.5o when placed on a polarimeter tube. If the specific rotation of the sugar
solution is 65o , calculate the quantity of sugar contained in the tube.
21. Calculate the thickness of double refracting plate capable of producing a path differences
of λ/4 between extraordinary and ordinary rays of wavelength 5890 A. ( Use µ0 = 1.53 and
µe = 1.54)

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 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

22. If the plane of vibration of the incident beam makes an angle of 30o with the optic axis,
compare the intensities of extraordinary and ordinary light. (Hint; / = 2 /
2)
23. A beam of polarized light is sent in to a system of two polarizing sheets, relative to a
polarization direction of the incident light. The polarizing directions of the sheets are at
angle for the first sheet and 90o for the second sheets. If the 0.1 of the incident intensity
is transmitted by the two sheets, what is
ASSIGNMENT 7:GEOMETRICAL OPTICS
1. Two thin convex lenses having focal lengths 10 cm and 4 cm are coaxially separated by a
distance 5 cm, find the equivalent focal length of the combination. Determine also the
position of the principal points.
2. Two thin lenses of focal lengths 8 cm each are identical and coaxially separated by 4 cm.
Determine the equivalent focal length of this lens combination and illustrate the principal
points in figure. If the image is formed at infinity at a particular position of the object, find
the object distance.
3. Dispersive powers of two different glass types are 0.0163 and 0.0243 respectively. How
can you design an achromatic contact doublet of focal length 50 cm.
4. Two thin converging lenses of focal lengths 3 cm and 4 cm are placed coaxially in air
separated by distance of 2 cm. An object is placed 4 cm in front of the first lens. Find the
position and nature of the images.
5. The object glass of a telescope is an achromat of focal length 90 cm, If the magnitude of
the dispersive power of the two lenses are 0.024 and 0.036, Calculate their focal lengths.
6. A converging achromat of 40 cm focal length is to be constructed out of a thin crown glass
lens and a thin flint glass lens, The surface in contact having a common radius of curvature
of 25 cm. Calculate the radius of curvature of second surface of each lens, given that the
values of the dispersive power and mean refractive indices are 0.017 and 1.5 for crown
glass, and 0.034 and 1.7 for flint glass.
7. Two thin converging lenses of focal lengths 30 cm and 40 cm respectively are placed
coaxially in air separated by a distance of 20 cm. An object is placed 40 cm in front of the
first lens. Find the position and nature of the image.

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8. In Ramsden’s eyepiece a co-axially lens system is used. There are two lenses in air and are
of equal focal length of separated by a distance 2f/3. Find position of the cardinal points.
9. Two thin lenses of focal lengths f1 and f2 separated by a distance having an equivalent
focal length 50 cm. The combination satisfies the condition for no chromatic aberration and
minimum spherical aberration. Find the separation between the two lenses if both lenses
are same materials.
10. Two lenses of focal lengths 8 cm and 4 cm are placed at a certain distance apart. Calculate
the position of principal points if they form an achromatic combination.
11. It is desire to make a converging achromatic lens of mean focal length 30 cm by using two
lenses of materials A and B. If the dispersive power of A and B are in the ratio of 1:2, find
the focal length of lens.
12. Two thin converging lenses of focal lengths 0.2 m and 0.3 m are placed co-axially 0.10 m
apart in air. An object is located 0.6 m in front of the lens of smaller focal length. Find the
position of two principal points and that of image
Optical Fiber
1. An optical fiber has fractional index difference of 0.2 and cladding refractive index 1.59.
Determine the acceptance angle for the fiber for water in which, have refractive index of
1.33.
2. A glass clad fiber is made with core glass of refractive index 1.5 and cladding is doped to
give a fractional index difference of 5 × . Determine (i) cladding index (ii) critical
angle (iii) acceptance angle, and (iv) Numerical aperture.
3. The refractive index for core and cladding for a step index fiber are 1.52 & 1.41
respectively. Calculate (i) critical angle (ii) Numerical aperture, and (iii) The maximum
incidence angle.
4. An optical fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.22 and core refractive index 1.62. Determine
the acceptance angle for the fiber in liquid which has a refractive index of 1.25. Also,
determine the refractive index change.
5. Calculate the refractive index of the core and materials of a fiber from following data.
Numerical Aperture (NA) = 0.22 and fractional refractive index change ∆ = 0.012
ASSIGNMENT 8:ELECTROSTATICS

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1. Three charges 1 × Columb, −4 × Columb and 2 × Columb are placed at

the three verticies of an equilateral triangle of side 0.1 . Find the minimum amount of
work required to dismantle this structure. Or what is the mutual potential energy of system
of the charges?
2. 27 identical drops of mercury are charged simultaneously to the same potential of 10 V.
What will be the potential if all the drops are made to combine to form one large drop?
Assume the drop to be spherical.
3. A spherical drop of water carrying a charge of 30 PC has potential of 500 volts at its
surface. (i) What is the radius of the drop? (ii) If two drops of same charge and radius
combined to form a single spherical drop, what is the potential at the surface of new drop?
4. Two small spheres of charge 10 and 40 are placed 5 apart. Find the location of a
point between them where field strength is zero.
5. Assume that earth have surface charge density of 1.6 × / . Calculate
earth’s electric field and potential on the earth surface. Given that radius of earth is 6400
.
6. A charge of 5 × is distributed between two sphere. It is found that they repeal each
other with a force of 1 . when their centers are 2 apart find the charge on each sphere.
7. The electric potential varies with according to the relation = 5 + 4 2 . Calculate the
force experience by a negative charge of 2 × 10−6 located at = 0.5 .
8. Two capacitors 2 μF and 4μF are connected in parallel across 300 V potential difference.
Calculate the total energy in the system.
9. An air filled parallel plate capacitor has a capacitance of 10−12 . The separation between
the plate is double and wax is inserted between them which increases the capacitance to 2 ×
. Calculate the dielectric constant of wax.
10. A parallel plate capacitor has capacitance of 100 . A plate area of 100 and mica as
dielectric material, with 50 potential difference. Calculate (i) Electric field in mica. (ii)
The free charge on the plates and (iii) The induced surface charge ( ). Given k = 5.4 for
mica.
11. A capacitor of capacitance C is discharge through a resistor of resistance R. After how
many time constant is the stored energy becomes 1/4th of initial value?

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12. A capacitor of capacitance C is charged through a resistor R. Calculate the time at which
potential across the resistor is equal to the potential across the capacitor.
13. If n drops each of capacitance C combine to form a single big drop. Find the capacitance of
big drop.
14. A parallel plate capacitor has circular plate of 8.2 cm radius and 1.3 mm separation in air.
(i) Calculate the capacitance and (ii) What charge will appear on the plates, if potential
difference of 120 V is applied
2. Two equal and opposite charge of magnitude 2 × C are 15 cm apart (i) what are the
magnitude and direction of E at a point mid way between the charges? (ii) What force
would act on an electron placed there?
3. The electric potential V due to a charge in the surrounding space at any point x meters from
the charge is given by the relation, V = 8x + 3x 2 volts. Find the electric field intensity at a
point 1.5 m from the charge. Consider the medium is air
4. The space between two concentric conducting spherical shells of radii b = 1.70 cm and a =
1.20 cm is filled with a substance of dielectric constant k = 23.5. A potential difference V =
73 V is applied across the inner and outer shells. Determine (a) The capacitance of the
device (b) the free charge q on the inner shell.
5. A parallel plate capacitor whose capacitance C is 13.5 pF is charged by a battery to a
potential difference V = 12.5 V between its plates. The charging battery disconnected and a
porcelain slab ( k = 6.50) is supplied between the plates. (a) What is the potential energy of
the capacitor before the slab is inserted (b) what is the potential energy of the capacitorslab
device after the slab is inserted?
6. The parallel plates in a capacitor, with a plate area 8.5 and air filled separation of 3
mm are charged by 6 V batteries. They are then disconnected from the battery and pulled
apart to a separation of 8 mm. Neglecting fringing; find (a) the potential difference between
the plates (b) the initial energy stored and (c) final energy stored.
7. A capacitor discharge through a resistor R. (a) after how many time constants does its
charge fall to one half of its original value? (b) After how many time constants does the
stored energy drops to half of its initial value?
8. A spherical drop of water carrying a charge of 30 pC has a potential of 500 V at its surface.
(a) What is the radius of the drop? (b) If two such drops of the same charge and radius

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combine to form a single spherical drop, what is the potential at the surface of the new
drop?
9. What is the force per unit area with which plates of parallel plate capacitor attract each
other if they are separated by 1 mm and maintain at 100 V potential difference and electric
constant of the medium in unity.
10. A long cylindrical conductor 1 m and is surround by a co-axial cylindrical conducting shell
with inner radius double that of long cylindrical conductor. Calculate the capacitance of
this capacitor assuming that there is vacuum in space between cylinders.
11. A parallel plate capacitor each of area 100 has a potential difference of 500 V and
capacitance of 100 . If a mica of dielectric constant 5.4 is inserted between plates find
the magnitude of (a) Electric field in mica (b) Displacement vector (c) mobility of electron
ASSIGNMENT 8:ELECTROMAGNETISM
Direct current
1. A uniform copper wire of 1 and cross-section area of 5 × carries a current of 1
assuming that there are 8 × 1028 free electrons per meter cube in copper. How long will
an electron take to drift from one end of wire to other end?
2. A copper wire of length 50 and area of cross-section carries a current of 1 If
the resistivity of copper is 1.8 × 10−8 , calculate the electric field across the wire?
3. A copper wire is stretched to make it 0.2 % longer. What is the percentage change in
resistance? 4. A copper wire (Resistivity 1 = 1.7 × and density ( 1 ) = 8900
/ 3 ) and aluminum wire (Resistivity 2 = 2.8 × and density ( 2 ) = 2700
/ 3 ) have the same mass per unit length, find the ratio of the resistance per unit length
of aluminum and copper wire.
5. The area of cross-section, length and density of a piece of metal of atomic weight 60
are 10−6 ,1 and 5 × −3 respectively, If every atom contributes one free
electrons. Find drift velocity of electrons in metal, when a current of 16 is passes through
it. (Given; Avogadro number =6× / ). Magnetic fields
6. In a hall experiment a current of 3 is sent length wise through a conductor 1 width 4
long and 10 thick produces a transverse hall voltage of 10 . When a magnetic
field of 1.5 is passed perpendicularly through the thickness of conductor. From these
data find (i) The drift velocity of charge carrier and (ii) number density of charge carrier.
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 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

7. A copper strip 2 wide and 1 thick is placed in a magnetic field of 1.5 . If a

current of 200 is set up in the strip, Calculate (i) hall voltage and (ii) hall mobility, if the
number of electron per unit volume is 8.4× / and resistivity 1.72 × .
10. A current of 1.2 × A exist in a copper wire (At. Wt. = 63 g/mol, density = 9 gm/cc).
Whose diameter is 2.5 mm. Assuming current to be uniform, calculate (a) current density,
(b) Electrical conductivity and (c) mobility of electrons. Magnetic Fields
11. Deuterons in a cyclotron describe a circle of radius 0.32 m just before emerging from Dees.
The frequency of the applied emf is 10 MHz. Find the flux density of the magnetic field
and energy of the deuterons emerging out of the cyclotron. ( mass of deuterons = 3.32 ×
kg.)
12. A copper strip 3 cm wide and 2 mm thick is placed in a magnetic field of 1.75 T. If a
current of 150 A is set up in the strip, Calculate (i) hall voltage and (ii) hall mobility, if the
number of electron per unit volume is 8.4 × electrons/ and resistivity1.72 ×
m.
13. In a Hall Effect experiment, a current of 3.2 A lengthwise in a conductor 1.2 cm wide, 4.0
cm long and 9.5 µm thick produces a transverse hall voltage (across the width) of 40 µV
when a magnetic field of 1.4 T is passed perpendicularly through the thin conductor. From
these data, find (a) The drift velocity of the charge carriers and (b) the number density of
charge carriers.
14. In a Hall experiment a current of 25 A is passed through a long foil of silver, which is 0.1
mm thick and 3 m long. Calculate the Hall voltage produces across the width by a flux of
1.4 Wb/ . If the conduction of silver is 6.8 × 107 mho/m, estimate the mobility of
electron in silver.
15. A long circuit coil consisting of 50 turns with diameter 1.2 m carries a current of 10 A. (a)
Find the magnetic field at a point along the axis 90 cm from the center. (b) At what
distance from the center, along the axis, the field is 1/8 greater as at the center.
16. A copper strip 150 µm thick is placed in a magnetic field of strength 0.65 T perpendicular
to the plane of the strip and current of 23 A is set up in the strip. Calculate (i) The Hall
voltage (ii) Hall coefficient and (iii) Hall mobility, if the number of electron per unit
volume is is 8.4 × 1028 electrons/m3 and resistivity1.72 × 10−8Ωm. Electromagnetic
Induction

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17. A toroid has number of turns 1250, internal radius 52 mm, external radius 95 mm and
thickness of the ring 13mm calculate the inductance.
18. A solenoid having an inductance of 6.3 µH is connected in series with a 1.2 kΩ resistance.
(a) If a 14 V battery is connected across the pair, how long it will take for the current
through the resistor to reach 80 % of its initial value? (b) What is the current through the
resistor at time t=0.1s.
19. An inductance L is connected to a battery of emf E through a resistance. Show that the
potential difference across the inductance after time t is VL = ε e −Rt L . At what time is
the potential difference across the inductance equal to that across the resistance such that i
= i0/ 2 .
20. A solenoid is 1.3 m long and 2.6 cm in diameter carries a current of 18 A. The magnetic
field inside the solenoid is 23 mT. Find the length of the wire forming the solenoid. Also
calculate the inductance of solenoid.
21. What must be the magnitude of a uniform electric field have the same energy density that
passed by a 0.50 T magnetic field?
Electromagnetic waves
1. Calculate the magnitude of the Poynting vector and the amplitude of the electric and
magnetic fields at a distance of 10 cm from a radio station which is radiating power of 105
watt uniformly over a hemisphere with radio station as center.
2. Using the Poynting vector calculate the maximum electric and magnetic fields for sun-light
if the solar constant is 1.4 KW/m2 .
3. Calculate the displacement current between the square plates of capacitor having one side 1
cm if the electric field between the plate is changing at the rate of 3 × V/meter-sec.
4. A parallel plate capacitor has capacitance 20 µF. At what rate the potential difference
between the plates must be changed to produce a displacement current of 1.5 A? 5. What is
the displacement current for a capacitor having radius 5 cm with variable electric field 8.9
× / ?
6. An observer is 1.8 m from an isotropic point light source whose power is 250 watt.
Calculate the rms values of the electric and magnetic fields due to the source at the position
of observer.

28 Physics | Prepared BY: Umakanta Joshi

 PHYSICS: Institute of Engineering

7. A parallel plate capacitor with circular plates of 10 cm radius is charged producing uniform
displacement current of magnitude 20 A/m2 . Calculate (i) Calculate the curl of magnetic
flux density between the plates (ii) Calculate the rate of change of electric field in this
region.
8. Calculate the radiation pressure at the surface of the earth and sun assuming the solar
constant has value of 2 cal/min cm2 at the surface of the earth. Given, radius of sun is 7 ×
108 and the average distance between earth and sun is 1.5 × .
9. The maximum electric field 10 m from an isotropic point source of light is 2 V/m. What
are (a) the maximum value of the magnetic field and (b) the average intensity of light
there? (c) What is the power of the source?
10. A certain plane electromagnetic wave emitted by a microwave antenna has a wavelength of
3 cm and a maximum magnitude of electric field of 2 × 10−4 / . i) What is frequency ii)
What is the maximum magnetic field and iii) What is the Poynting vector?
11. The sun delivers about 103 W/m2 of energy of the earth’s surface through EM radiation
calculate a) The total power incident on a roof of dimension 8m × 20m, b) radiation
pressure and force exerted on the roof , assuming roof is perfect absorber.
12. A radio wave transmits 25 W/ of power per unit area. The flat surface area is
perpendicular to the direction of propagation of wave. Calculate the radiation pressure on it
and maximum electric and magnetic field associated with the wave.
13. A parallel plate capacitor with circular plates of 20 cm radius is charged producing uniform
displacement current of magnitude 20 A/m2 . Calculate (i) dE/dt in the region (ii)
displacement current density and (iii) Induced magnetic field.
14. Calculate the displacement current between the capacitor plates of area 1.5 × and
rate of electric field change is 1.5 × V/ms. Also calculate displacement current
density.

29 Physics | Prepared BY: Umakanta Joshi