PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – PRACTICE QUESTIONS FOR TEST 3
Test 3
1. The high heat capacity of water is ecologically advantageous because it stabilizes the
temperatures of lakes and oceans: a large quantity of energy must be lost or gained before
there is a significant temperature change. The molar heat capacity of liquid water at
constant pressure, Cp,m, is 75 J K−1 mol−1. It follows that the increase in temperature of
100 g of water (5.55 mol H2O) when 1.0 kJ of energy is supplied by heating a sample
free to expand is approximately
2. (a) Show that for a perfect gas, Cp,m - CV,m = R. (b) When 229 J of energy is supplied
as heat at constant pressure to 3.00 mol CO 2(g), the temperature of the sample increases
by 2.06 K. Calculate the molar heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure
of the gas.
3. The heat capacity of a substance is often reported in the form Cp,m = a + bT + c/T 2 . Use
this expression to make a more accurate estimate of the change in molar enthalpy of
carbon dioxide when it is heated from 15°C to 37°C, given a = 44.22 J K-1 mol-1, b =
8.79 × 10-3 J K-2 mol-1, and c = -8.62 × 105 J K mol-1. Hint: You will need to integrate
dH = CpdT
4. A sample consisting of 2.00 mol of perfect gas molecules, for which CV,m= 5/2R,
initially at P1 = 111 kPa and T1 = 277 K, is heated reversibly to 356 K at constant
volume. Calculate the final pressure, U, q, and w.
5. A sample consisting of 1.00 mol of perfect gas atoms, for which CV,m= 3/2R, initially at
P1 = 1.00 atm and T1 = 300 K, is heated reversibly to 400 K at constant volume.
Calculate the final pressure, U, q, and w.
6. The constant-pressure heat capacity of a sample of a perfect gas was found to vary with
temperature according to the expression Cp/(J K-1) = 20.17 + 0.3665(T/K). Calculate q,
w, U, and H when the temperature is raised from 25°C to 200°C (a) at constant pressure,
(b) at constant volume.
7. A sample consisting of 1.5 mol of perfect gas molecules with Cp,m = 20.8 J K-1 mol-1 is
initially at 230 kPa and 315 K. It undergoes reversible adiabatic expansion until its
pressure reaches 170 kPa. Calculate the final volume and temperature and the work done.
8. A sample consisting of 1.0 mol of perfect gas molecules with Cv = 20.8 J K-1 is initially
at 3.25 atm and 310 K. It undergoes reversible adiabatic expansion until its pressure
reaches 2.50 atm. Calculate the final volume and temperature and the work done.
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PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – PRACTICE QUESTIONS FOR TEST 3
9. When a sample of argon (for which γ = 5/3) at 100 kPa expands reversibly and
adiabatically to twice its initial volume the final pressure will be what?
10. Consider the adiabatic, reversible expansion of 0.020 mol Ar, initially at 25°C, from
0.50 dm3 to 1.00 dm3. The molar heat capacity of argon at constant volume is 12.48 J K -1
mol-1, so c = 1.501. Calculate work done.
11. At very low temperatures the heat capacity of a solid is proportional to T 3, and we can
write Cp= aT3 What is the change in enthalpy of such a substance when it is heated from
0 to a temperature T (with T close to O)?
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