PRACTICAL
RESEARCH II
Genevive C. Sison
Quantitative research uses
scientifically collected and
statistically analyzed data
to investigate observable
phenomena.
Characteristics of
Quantitative Research
1.Large Sample Size
2.Objectivity
3.Concise Visual Presentation
4.Faster Data Analysis
5.Generalized Data
6.Fast and Easy Data Collection
7.Reliable Data
8.High Replicability
To obtain more
meaningful statistical
result, the data must come
from a large sample size.
Data gathering and
analysis of results are done
accurately, objectively, and
are unaffected by the
researcher’s intuition and
personal guesses.
Data is numerical which makes
presentation through graphs,
charts, and tables possible
and with better conveyance
and interpretation
The use of a statistical tools
gives way for a less time-
consuming data analysis.
Data taken from a sample can
be applied to the population
if sampling is done
accordingly, i.e., sufficient size
and random samples were
taken.
Depending on the type of data needed,
collection can be quick and easy.
Quantitative research uses standardized
research instruments that allow the
researcher to collect data from a large
sample size efficiently
Data is taken and analyzed
objectively from a sample as a
representative of the population,
making it more credible and reliable
for policymaking and decision making.
The Quantitative method can
be repeated to verify
findings enhancing its validity,
free from false or immature
conclusions
Strengths of Quantitative
Research
1. Very objective
2. Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict
outcomes.
3. Findings are generalizable to the population.
4. There is conclusive establishment of cause and effect
5. Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software.
6. Fast and easy data gathering
7. Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.
8. Validity and reliability can be established
Weaknesses of
Quantitative Research
1. It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in
depth.
2. It does not provide comprehensive explanation of human
experiences.
3. Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as
feelings, and beliefs.
4. The research design is rigid and not very flexible.
5. The participants are limited to choose only from the given
responses.
6. The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses.
7. A large sample size makes data collection more costly.
KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
A. Descriptive Research
B. Correlational Research
C. Ex-post Facto
D. Quasi-experimental
research
E. Experimental Research
✓ Descriptive design is used to describe a
particular phenomenon by observing it as
it occurs in nature.
There is no experimental manipulation,
and the researcher does not start with a
hypothesis.
The goal of descriptive research is only to
describe the person or object of the study.
✓ The correlational design identifies
the relationship between variables.
✓ Data is collected by observation
since it does not consider the cause
and effect
✓ Ex post facto design is used to investigate
a possible relationship between previous
events and present conditions.
✓ The term “Ex post facto” which means
after the fact, looks at the possible causes
of an already occurring phenomenon.
✓ A quasi-experimental design is used to establish the cause-
and-effect relationship of variables.
✓ Although it resembles the experimental design, the quasi-
experimental has lesser validity due to the absence of
random selection and assignment of subjects.
✓ The independent variable is identified but not manipulated.
✓ The researcher does not modify pre-existing groups of
subjects.
✓ The group exposed to treatment (experimental) is compared
to the group unexposed to treatment (control)
✓ Experimental design like quasi-
experimental is used to establish the cause-
and-effect relationship of two or more
variables.
✓ This design provides a more conclusive result
because it uses random assignment of
subjects and experimental manipulations.
