Ch-1 Computer System
ANSWERS
EXERCISE BOT
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. computer 2. 0, 1
3. source program 4. RAM, ROM
5. LAN, MAN, WAN
B. Write T for true and F for false statements.
1. False 2. True
3. True 4. False
5. True
C. Choose the correct option.
1. Binary language
2. Temporarily
3. ROM
4. The two devices can exchange information with each other
5. WAN
D. Give the expanded form of the following terms:
1. HLL – High Level Language
2. LLL – Low Level Language
3. RAM – Random Access Memory
4. ROM – Read Only Memory
5. CPU – Central Processing Unit
6. ALU – Arithmetic and Logic Unit
7. LAN – Local Area Network
8. WAN – Wide Area Network
E. Answer the following questions.
1. A computer has the following advantages:
Speed: Computers are much faster than humans and work at a very high speed. A
computer can perform billions of calculations in a second.
Storage: A computer can store a large amount of data. Users can access this data
at any time. We can store any type of data in a computer such as text, graphics,
pictures, audio, and video files.
Processing: A computer can process a wide variety of instructions. It can perform
different types of operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Accuracy: Computers can process large amount of data and generate error-free
results. A modern computer performs millions of operations in a second without
any error.
Communication: Most computers today can communicate with other computers.
We can connect two or more computers with the help of a communication device
such as a modem.
2. The CPU is the brain of the computer which is responsible for the execution of the
instructions given to a computer. It has three parts:
a. Control unit: It takes instructions in a sequence from the memory unit, directs
them to the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), if required and forwards them to
the output device.
b. Memory unit: It stores the data. It is of two types — Primary Unit (RAM and
ROM) and Secondary Unit (Hard disk, USB drives, Blue-ray discs, etc.).
c. Arithmetic and logic unit: It performs the arithmetic operations, which involve
calculations and logical operations.
3. The three different software components in a computer system are:
a. System software: System software is a collection of programs designed to operate,
control and extend the processing capabilities of the computer. System software
includes compilers, interpreters and the operating system.
b. Application software: An application software is a program used to perform a
specific task. Application software may consist of a single program, such as
Microsoft’s Notepad which is used for writing and editing simple text or a series of
programs to execute a bigger application.
c. Utility software: Utility software is used to perform basic maintenance tasks on a
computer. Examples include disk utilities like defragmenters, compressors,
antivirus, firewalls, etc.
4. The uses of a computer network are:
a. Communication: Using a network, people can communicate with each other all
over the world. A network allows a user to instantly connect with another user, or
network, and send and receive data.
b. Resource Sharing: In a computer network, resources such as, printers, scanners,
fax machines and modems can be shared among different users. also allows all
programs and data to be available to anyone on the network irrespective of the
physical location of the resource and the user.
c. High Reliability: It ensures high reliability by providing alternative sources of data.
For example, all files could be replicated on multiple machines, so that if one of
them is unavailable due to hardware failure or any other reason, the other copies
can be used.
d. Centralised Support and Administration: Computer networking centralises
administration and network support tasks.
5. Depending upon the distance, the networks are classified into three types namely: LAN,
MAN and WAN.
LAN (Local Area Network): LAN is a group of computers and network devices
connected together, usually within the same building. LANs are basically used to
connect a limited geographical area and have smaller coverage. The smallest LAN
consists of only two computers.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): MAN is a larger network that usually spans
several buildings in the same city or town. A MAN has a coverage area larger than
LAN, but less than WAN.
WAN (Wide Area Network): WANs are typically used to connect computers in
large geographical area such as a state, a country, or a continent. WANs can span
over an area of 100,000 kilometre radius. The Internet is an example of a
worldwide public WAN.
6. While working on a computer in a computer lab, you should take care of the following:
a. Handle the computer properly. Banging the keyboard or clicking the mouse button
hard is never advisable.
b. Always let the computer boot properly without any interruption and never shut
down the computer directly.
c. Respect the privacy of others. Do not examine or change files or passwords
belonging to others.
d. Respect the integrity of the computer systems. Do not develop or use programs
that invade, damage, or alter the settings or software of the computer systems.
e. Never use someone else’s account. Do not use fraudulent means to avoid
accounting for the use of computing services.
