Introduction to Mechanical

Engineering

By,

Dr. Bharath V
1 4/3/2024 DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, RNSIT 1
 INTRODOCTION TO SYLLABUS

COURSE OVERVIEW:
 This course deals with basic concepts of Mechanical Engineering.

 The course gives a brief overview of various energy sources.

 It deals with the different types of prime movers including steam, water turbines and the internal

combustion engines.

 It provides and exposure to working of the machine tools like the lathe, drilling and milling.

 The joining processes namely welding and soldering are also discussed.

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By the end of the course, Students will be able to:

 Explain the concepts of Role of Mechanical Engineering and Energy sources.

 Describe the Machine Tool Operations and advanced Manufacturing process.

 Explain the Working Principle of IC engines and EV vehicles.

 Discuss the Properties of Common Engineering Materials and various Metal Joining Processes.

 Explain the Concepts of Mechatronics, Robotics and Automation in IoT

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UNIT- I (8 hours)

 Introduction : Role of Mechanical Engineering in Industries and Society- Emerging

Trends and Technologies in different sectors such as Energy, Manufacturing,

Automotive, Aerospace, and Marine sectors.

 Energy : Introduction and applications of Energy sources like Fossil fuels, Nuclear

fuels, Hydel, Solar, wind, and bio-fuels, Environmental issues like Global warming

and Ozone depletion

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UNIT- II (8 hours)

 Machine Tool Operations : Working Principle of lathe, Lathe operations: Turning,

facing, knurling. Working principles of Drilling Machine, drilling operations: drilling,

boring, reaming. Working of Milling Machine, Milling operations: plane milling and

slot milling. (No sketches of machine tools, sketches to be used only for

explaining the operations).

 Introduction to Advanced Manufacturing Systems: Introduction, components of

CNC, advantages and applications of CNC, 3D printing.

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UNIT- III (8 hours)

 Introduction to IC Engines: Components and Working Principles, 4-Strokes Petrol

and Diesel Engines, Application of IC Engines.

 Insight into Future Mobility: Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, Components of Electric

and Hybrid Vehicles. Advantages and disadvantages of EVs and Hybrid vehicles.

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UNIT- IV (8 hours)

 Engineering Materials: Types and applications of Ferrous & Nonferrous Metals,

silica, ceramics, glass, graphite, diamond and polymer. Shape Memory Alloys.

 Joining Processes: Soldering, Brazing and Welding, Definitions, classification of

welding process, Arc welding, Gas welding and types of flames.

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UNIT- V (8 hours)

 Introduction to Mechatronics and Robotics: Open-loop and closed-loop

mechatronic systems. Classification based on robotics configuration: polar

cylindrical, Cartesian coordinate and spherical. Application, Advantages and

disadvantages. Automation in industry: Definition, types – Fixed, programmable and

flexible automation, basic elements with block diagrams, advantages.

 Introduction to IOT: Definition and Characteristics, Physical design, protocols,

Logical design of IoT, Functional blocks, and communication models.

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Course Title: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Course Code: BESCK104D/204D

Total Contact Hours: 40 Hrs Duration of SEE: 3 Hrs

SEE Marks: 100M CIE Marks: 50M

3 Test (25M); 2-Assignement (15M)

2 Quiz (10M)
Text Books: 1. Elements of Mechanical Engineering, K R Gopala Krishna, Subhash Publications, 2008

2. An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering, Jonathan Wickert and Kemper Lewis, Third Edition, 2012
Reference Books:
1. Elements of Workshop Technology (Vol. 1 and 2), Hazra Choudhry and Nirzar Roy, Media Promoters and Publishers Pvt.
Ltd., 2010.
2. Manufacturing Technology- Foundry, Forming and Welding, P.N.Rao Tata McGraw Hill 3rd Ed., 2003.

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 Solar Collector It is a device which is used to absorb the heat from solar radiation and
it is an essential device used to convert solar energy into heat energy

Types of Solar Collector 1. Flat type Solar Collector

2. Concentrated type Solar Collector

1. Concentrated type Solar Collector

• Parabolic Dish type

• Parabolic trough type
• Tower Power trough type

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 Parabolic Dish type

Parabolic Dish reflector

Mirror or Al foil
Sun Tracking Mechanism
Receiver
Sun

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 Parabolic Dish reflector
It is a device which reflects the solar radiation. When solar radiation incident on the
dish then, it concentrate those radiation in one common point

Mirror/Al foil
It is placed at front portion of reflector. Using Al as a foil
which helps to reflects 90% of the solar radiation

Tracking System/Reflector stand

This tracking mechanism that turns the reflector in the
direction of the sun

Receiver
Used to receive the heat from the solar radiation direct
reflected rays. It is an hallow type and coated with
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heat absorbing material
 When solar radiation incident on reflector
then reflector concentrate on receiver due to
parabolic shape of reflector it reflects the overall
radiation on receiver .

Receiver absorb the heat from the solar

radiation and temperature rises in the receiver

If water is filled in this receiver then water converts

into a steam by receiving the temperature. Otherwise
produced heat will transfer in any fluid or solid material.

By the help of parabolic dish solar collector we can

obtain the temperature of 1800 K Dr.
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 Solar Tower Power Plant

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 Solar Tower Power Plant

15 4/3/2024 Department of Mechanical

DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,Engineering
RNSIT Dr. Bharath V
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 Solar Parabolic Trough

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 Solar Flat plate collector

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 Solar Pond

18 4/3/2024 Department of Mechanical

DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,Engineering
RNSIT Dr. Bharath V
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DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,Engineering
RNSIT Dr. Bharath V
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DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,Engineering
RNSIT Dr. Bharath V
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 Nuclear Power Plant

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 Nuclear Fusion Reaction

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 Advantages

Hydropower is a renewable energy source that doesn't run out as long as

water keeps flowing
Hydropower plants use water instead of fossil fuels or solar panels, and don't
produce waste
Hydropower is inexpensive in the long run
Dams and reservoirs have high safety standards, making accidents due to
water leaks unlikely

Limitations
Higher Initial Costs
The Construction Of Dams Has A Large Environmental Impact
It Can Alter Aquatic Habitat
May Require The Expropriation Of Land.
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 WIND ENERGY

Dr.
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Windmill
DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, RNSIT
 Advantages

 Clean Energy
Cost-effectiveness
 Job Creation
Low-maintenance Requirements And High Efficiency

Limitations

Turbines can be loud

Construction can cause local disturbances
Birds have been killed by flying into rotational turbine blades.
The travel and maintenance cost of turbines increases.

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 Bio Fuels

Fuels that have been extracted from plants and crops are known as Bio Fuels

It can be considered as a renewable energy source because plant life renews and adds to
itself every year.

Ex. Ethanol and Bio Diesel

Bio Ethanol

It is made from carbohydrate rich crops such as corn, maize, sugar cane and wheat etc.
by yeast fermentation.

Ethanol is mostly used as blending agent with gasoline to increase octane rating and cut
down CO and other smog causing emissions.

Applications: Tractors, Power cars and Boats

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 Bio Diesel

Developed from growing plants which naturally contains oil namely Jatropha,
Palm, Sunflower, Soya bean etc.

Used as an additive to reduce the vehicle emissions and is a renewable alternate

fuel for diesel engines.

Bio Gas

It is a product of decomposing organic matter such as sewage, animal by products and

agricultural and industrial solid waste.

It is obtained by anearobic digestion of organic matter, bio gas usually 50-80% methane and
20-50 % CO2 with traces of gases such as H2, CO, N2.
Applications: Used as vehicle fuel or for generating electricity also it can be used for cooking
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 Global warming

Global warming is an aspect of climate change, referring to the long-term rise of the
planet's temperatures.
It is caused by increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, mainly
from human activities such as burning fossil fuels, and farming.
Causes: Manufacturing goods, Cutting down forests, Generating electricity and heat by
burning fossil fuels causes a large chunk of global emissions.

Ozone Depletion
It is a region in the earths stratosphere that contains high concentration of ozone and
protects the earth from the harmful UV radiations of the sun

Ozone layer depletion is the gradual thinning of the earths ozone layer in the upper
atmosphere caused due to the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous
bromine or fluorine atoms.
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 Role of Mechanical Engineers in Industries

 Mechanical Engineers are involved with the design, construction and operations of all kind
of machinery

 They conceptualize design for any product to be manufactures. They also develop, test
and fabricate the state-of-the-art machinery.

 Mechanical engineers are responsible for design, selection of materials, specifications and
the development of production process and equipment

Mechanical Engineering plays a crucial role in all ways of living in various sectors like:
 Transportation
 Medical
 Agriculture
 Defense
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 Role of Mechanical Engineers in Society

 Mechanical Engineers create and develop Mechanical systems for all humankind concerns
with principles of force, energy and motion.
 Reduce the human effort and makes work easy.

 Mechanical Engineers are being involved with healthcare industry in creating technologies
that are helping doctors and humankind through solving various healthcare problems and
creating future solutions.

 Healthcare devices, individualised medicines as well as surgical devices are been developed by
mechanical engineers through the use of 3D-printing technologies

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 Emerging Trends and Technologies in Different Sector

ENERGY MANUFACTURING AUTOMOTIVE

AEROSPACE MARINE
SECTOR

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