DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
PRESENTED BY
PRATHMESH 22BTAI204
ZAHIRUDDIN 22BTAI203
ARYAN 22BTAI206
MOUNISHA DJ 22BTAI205
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• The Stages of Dynamic Programming
• Types of Dynamic Programming
• Applications of Dynamic Programming
• Real-World Examples
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• Understanding Dynamic Programming
• Dynamic Programming is a method for solving complex problems by breaking
them down into simpler subproblems and solving each subproblem just once.
• DP involves two key principles: Optimal Substructure and Overlapping
Subproblems.
THE STAGES OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
The Stages of Dynamic Programming
Stage 1: Understanding the Problem
• Identify the problem and determine if it can be solved using Dynamic Programming.
Stage 2: Formulating a Recursive Solution
• Define the recurrence relation that represents the problem in terms of its subproblems.
Stage 3: Memoization or Tabulation
• Implement memoization (top-down) or tabulation (bottom-up) techniques to optimize the
recursive solution.
Stage 4: Optimization
• Analyze the time and space complexity of the solution and optimize if necessary.
TYPES OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
• There are two main approaches to Dynamic Programming:
• Top-Down Approach (Memoization):
• Recursion with memoization involves storing the results of expensive function calls and
reusing them when the same inputs occur again.
• Bottom-Up Approach (Tabulation):
• Tabulation involves solving the problem by iteratively filling up a table, usually starting
from the smallest subproblems.
APPLICATIONS OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
• Dynamic Programming finds applications in various domains, including:
• Optimization Problems (e.g., Knapsack Problem, Traveling Salesman Problem)
• Sequence Alignment (e.g., DNA Sequencing)
• Graph Algorithms (e.g., Shortest Path Problems)
• Game Theory (e.g., Minimax Algorithm)
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES
• Demonstration of solving Fibonacci sequence using both memoization and tabulation.
• Application of DP to find the longest subsequence common to two sequences.
• Using DP to find the minimum number of coins required to make a certain amount of
change.
CONCLUSION
• Dynamic Programming is a powerful algorithmic technique for solving
optimization problems efficiently.
• By breaking down complex problems into simpler subproblems and reusing
solutions, DP enables the efficient solution of a wide range of problems.
• Understanding the principles and techniques of Dynamic Programming is
essential for tackling challenging computational problems.
THANKYOU
