Designation: A350/A350M − 12

Standard Specification for

Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch
Toughness Testing for Piping Components1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A350/A350M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of carbon and 2.1 ASTM Standards:3
low-alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings and A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
valves intended primarily for low-temperature service and quirements
requiring notch toughness testing. They are made to specified A961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for
dimensions, or to dimensional standards, such as the ASME Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
Piping Applications
and API Specifications referenced in Section 2. Although this
2.2 ASME Standards:
specification covers some piping components machined from
B 16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings4
rolled bar and seamless tubular materials (see 5.3.3), it does not B 16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Fittings4
cover raw material produced in these product forms. B 16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of
1.2 No limitation on size is intended beyond the ability of Ferrous Valves4
the manufacturer to obtain the specified requirements. How- B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and
ever, Class 3 of Grade LF787 is only available in the Threaded4
quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition. B 16.30 Unfired Pressure Vessel Flange Dimensions4
B 16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End4
1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when B 16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges4
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply 2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
only when specified by the purchaser in the order. Section IX Welding Qualifications2
2.4 AWS Standards:
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units A 5.1 Mild Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes5
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the A 5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes5
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate- 2.5 API Standards:6
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 600 Steel Gate Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves for Refinery
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the Use
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each 605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges
system may not be exact quivalents; therefore, each system 3. Ordering Information
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
3.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
purchase order information necessary to purchase the needed
standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, [Link], or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@[Link]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
4
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally [Link].
5
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A350/A350M–11. Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,
DOI: 10.1520/A0350_A0350M-12. Miami, FL 33126, [Link]
2 6
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-
cation SA-350 in Section II of that Code. ington, DC 20005-4070, [Link]

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 1

 A350/A350M − 12
material. In addition to the ordering information guidelines in Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be
Specification A961/A961M, orders should include the follow- machined directly from bar stock.
ing information:
5.4 Heat Treatment:
3.1.1 The number of test reports required (see Section 14).
3.1.2 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes). 5.4.1 After hot working and before reheating for heat
treatment, the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially
4. General Requirements below the transformation range.
4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to 5.4.2 Forgings of grades other than Grade LF787 shall be
the requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including any furnished in the normalized, or in the normalized and tem-
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase pered, or in the quenched and tempered condition described by
order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of the following procedures:
Specification A961/A961M constitutes nonconformance with [Link] Normalize—Heat to a temperature that produces an
this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements austenitic structure, holding sufficient time to attain uniform
of this specification and Specification A961/A961M, this temperature throughout. Cool uniformly in still air.
specification shall prevail. [Link] Normalize and Temper—Subsequent to normalize,
reheat to 1100 °F [590 °C] minimum, holding at temperature a
5. Manufacture minimum of 30 min/in. [30 min/25 mm] of maximum thick-
5.1 Melting Process—The steel shall be produced by any of ness, but in no case less than 30 min. Cool in still air.
the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic oxygen, [Link] Quench and Temper—The procedure for quenching
electric-furnace, or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The shall consist of either (1) fully austenitizing the forgings
primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refin- followed by quenching in a suitable liquid medium or (2) using
ing, and may be followed by secondary melting using electro- a multiple stage procedure whereby the forging is first fully
slag remelting (ESR), or vacuum-arc remelting (VAR). austenitized and rapidly cooled, then reheated to partially
5.1.1 The steel shall be fully killed, fine-grain practice. reaustenitize, followed by quenching in a suitable liquid
5.1.2 The molten steel may be vacuum treated prior to or medium. All quenched forgings shall be tempered by reheating
during pouring of the ingot. to a temperature between 1100 °F [590 °C] and the lower
5.2 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made to secure transformation temperature, holding at temperature a minimum
freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. of 30 min/in. [30 min/25 mm] of maximum thickness but in no
5.3 Forging Process: case less than 30 min. Cool in still air.
5.3.1 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots, or forged, 5.4.3 Grade LF787 forgings shall be furnished in either the
rolled, or strandcast blooms, billets, slabs, or bars. normalized-and-precipitation heat treated condition or in the
5.3.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined in quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition. The heat
the Terminology section of Specification A788/A788M. treatment procedures shall be as follows:
5.3.3 Except for flanges of all types, hollow, cylindrically- [Link] Normalized-and-Precipitation Heat Treated—Heat
shaped parts may be machined from rolled bar or seamless to a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 °F [870 to 940
tubular materials provided that the axial length of the part is °C], hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain
approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for
Other parts, excluding flanges of all types, may be machined not less than 1⁄2 h, and remove from the furnace and cool in air.
from hot-rolled or forged bar up through and including NPS4. Subsequently, heat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to

TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

Composition, wt. %
Element
Grade LF1 Grade LF2 Grade LF3 Grade LF5 Grade LF6 Grade LF9 Grade LF787
Carbon, max 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.20 0.07
Manganese 0.60–1.35 0.60–1.35 0.90 max 0.60–1.35 1.15–1.50 0.40–1.06 0.40–0.70
Phosphorus, 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.025 0.035 0.025
max
Sulfur, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.040 0.025
SiliconA 0.15–0.30 0.15–0.30 0.20–0.35 0.20–0.35 0.15–0.30 ... 0.40 max
Nickel 0.40 maxB 0.40 maxB 3.3–3.7 1.0–2.0 0.40 maxB 1.60–2.24 0.70–1.00
Chromium 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxC 0.30 maxC 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxC 0.60–0.90
Molybdenum 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxC 0.12 maxC 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxC 0.15–0.25
Copper 0.40 maxB 0.40 maxB 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxB 0.75–1.25 1.00–1.30
Columbium 0.02 maxD 0.02 maxD 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 min
Vanadium 0.08 max 0.08 max 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.04–0.11 0.03 max 0.03 max
Nitrogen ... ... ... ... 0.01–0.030 ... ...
A
When vacuum carbon-deoxidation is required by Supplementary Requirement S4, the silicon content shall be 0.12 % maximum.
B
The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis.
C
The sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis.
D
By agreement, the limit for columbium may be increased up to 0.05 % on heat analysis and 0.06 % on product analysis.

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 A350/A350M − 12
1200 °F [540 to 650 °C], soak at the temperature for not less tion and the same heat treatment as the finished products
than 1⁄2 h, and cool at any convenient rate. represented. The test material shall be treated in the same
[Link] Quenched-and-Precipitation Heat Treated—Heat to furnace at the same time as the forging it represents, subject to
a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 °F [870 to 940 the requirements of [Link].
°C], hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain [Link] The test specimen shall represent all forgings from
uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for the same heat and heat-treatment load whose maximum thick-
not less than 1⁄2 h and quench in a suitable liquid medium by nesses do not exceed the thickness of the test forging or blank
immersion; reheat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to by more than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm].
1225 °F [540 to 665 °C], hold at the temperature for not less 7.1.2 Number of Tests—One tension test at room tempera-
than 1⁄2 h, and cool at any convenient rate. ture shall be made in accordance with [Link] from each heat in
each heat-treatment load.
6. Chemical Composition
[Link] If heat treatment is performed in either a continuous
6.1 Heat Analysis: or a batch-type furnace controlled within 625 °F [614 °C] of
6.1.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Specifi- the required heat-treatment temperature and equipped with
cation A961/A961M shall be made and conform to the recording pyrometers so that complete records of heat treat-
requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. ment are available and if the same heat-treating cycles are used
Leaded steels shall not be permitted. on the forgings represented by the tension test, then one tension
6.2 Product Analysis: test from each heat shall be required, instead of one tension test
6.2.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on prod- from each heat in each heat treatment load in accordance with
ucts supplied to this specification in accordance with Specifi- [Link].
cation A961/A961M. 7.1.3 Test Locations and Orientations—The test specimen
shall be removed from the heaviest section of the forging or
7. Mechanical Properties test blank, at locations described in [Link], [Link], [Link] or
7.1 Tension Tests: as close to these locations as practical, subject to forging size
7.1.1 Requirements—The material shall conform to require- and geometry.
ments for tensile properties in Table 2. [Link] For forgings or test blanks having a maximum
[Link] The test specimen shall be obtained from a rough or heat-treated thickness, T, of 2 in. [50 mm] or less, the
finished forging, or prolongation thereof. For forgings under longitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be taken at
10 000 lbs, at time of heat treatment, it may be obtained from mid-thickness and its mid-length shall be at least 2 in. [50 mm]
separately forged test blanks from the same heat of steel as the from all other heat treated surfaces, exclusive of the T
production forgings. The test blank shall be reduced by forging dimension surfaces. (This is normally referred to as 1⁄2 T by 2
in a manner similar to that for the products represented, and in. [50 mm]). See Fig. 1 for test specimen location in separately
shall receive approximately the same hot working and reduc- forged test blanks.

TABLE 2 Tensile Properties at Room TemperatureA

Grades
LF1 and LF5 LF2 LF3 LF6 LF9 LF787
Class 1 Classes Classes 1 Class 1 Classes 2 Class 2 Class 3
1 and 2 and 2 and 3
LF5
Class 2
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] 60–85 70–95 70–95 66–91 75–100 63–88 65–85 75–95
[415–585] [485–655] [485–655] [455–630] [515–690] [435–605] [450–585] [515–655]
B,C
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] 30 [205] 36 [250] 37.5 [260] 52 [360] 60 [415] 46 [315] 55 [380] 65 [450]
Elongation:
Standard round specimen, or 25 22 22 22 20 25 20 20
small proportional specimen,
min % in
4D gage length
Strip specimen for wall thickness 28 30 30 30 28 28 28 28
5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm] and over

and for all small sizes tested

in full section; min % in 2 in.
[50 mm]
Equation for calculating min 48t + 13 48t + 15 48t + 15 48 t + 15 48t + 13 48t + 13 48t + 13 48t + 13
elongation for strip specimens
thinner than 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm];
min % in 2 in. [50 mm]
t = actual thickness in inches
Reduction of area, min, % 38 30 35 40 40 38 45 45
A
See 7.3 for hardness tests.
B
Determined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension under load method.
C
For round specimens only.

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 A350/A350M − 12

NOTE 1—For clarity, only the Charpy V-notch specimen is shown in Figs. 1-4. The tension test specimen shall be located such that its orientation and
the mid-length location meet the same requirements as that for the Charpy V-notch test specimen shown in Figure 1.
FIG. 1 Separately Forged Test Bar for Forgings with T # 2 in. [50 mm]

[Link] For forgings or test blanks having a maximum freedom from cracks unless the welded areas are completely
heat-treated thickness, T, greater than 2 in. [50 mm]: removed by subsequent machining.
(1) Except as stated in [Link] (2) and [Link] (3), the [Link] The test specimen shall have its longitudinal axis
central axis of the test specimen shall be taken at least 1⁄4 T located parallel to the direction of major working of the forging
from the nearest heat-treated surface and its mid-length shall be or test blank.
at least 2 in. [50 mm] from all other heat treated surfaces, [Link] With prior purchaser approval, tests may be taken at
exclusive of the T dimension surfaces. See Fig. 2 for test a depth (t) corresponding to the distance from the area of
specimen location in separately forged test blanks. significant loading to the nearest heat treated surface and at
(2) For quenched-and-tempered or for quenched-and- least twice this distance (2t) from any second surface. How-
precipitation-heat-treated forgings, the central axis of the test ever, the test depth shall not be nearer to one treated surface
specimen shall be taken at least 1⁄4 T from the nearest than 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] and to the second treated surface than 11⁄2
heat-treated surface, and the mid-length of the test specimen in. [38 mm]. This method of test location would normally
shall be at least T from all other heat treated surfaces, exclusive apply to contour-forged parts, or parts with thick cross-
of the T dimension surfaces. See Fig. 3 for test specimen sectional areas where 1⁄4 T × T testing ([Link]) is not practical.
location in separately forged test blanks. Sketches showing the exact test locations shall be approved by
(3) For quenched-and-tempered or for quenched-and- the purchaser when this method is used.
precipitation–heat-treated forgings that have a W/T ratio < 2, 7.1.4 Test Method—Testing shall be performed as specified
the central axis of the test specimen shall be taken at least 1⁄4 T in Specification A961/A961M. The test specimen shall be as
from the nearest heat-treated surface, and at mid-width of the large as is practicable and shall be machined to the form and
forging, where W is the width of the forging. The test specimen dimensions in Specification A961/A961M. When seamless
mid-length shall be at least T from the ends of the forging or tubular materials are used, testing shall be performed on
test blank. See Fig. 4 for test specimen location in separately longitudinal specimens as specified in Specification A961/
forged test blank. A961M.
[Link] Metal Buffers—The required distances from heat
treated surfaces for the test locations described in [Link] and 7.2 Impact Test:
[Link] may be obtained with metal buffers instead of integral 7.2.1 Requirements—The material shall conform to the
expansions. Buffer material may be carbon or low alloy steel, requirements for impact properties in Table 3 when tested at
and shall be joined to the forging with a partial penetration the applicable standard temperature in Table 4 within the limits
weld that seals the buffered surface. Specimens shall be located of [Link] and [Link]. When subsize specimens are used, the
at 1⁄2 in. [13 mm] minimum from the buffered surface of the impact energy values obtained shall conform to Table 5 at
forging. Buffers shall be removed after heat treatment and the energy values proportional to standard size. Exceptions to this
welded areas subjected to magnetic particle test to assure requirement are permissible when Supplementary Requirement

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 A350/A350M − 12

FIG. 2 Separately Forged Test Bar for Forgings with T > 2 in. [50 mm] and Not Quenched and Tempered

FIG. 3 Separately Forged Test Blank for Forgings with T > 2 in. [50 mm] and Quenched and Tempered or Quenched and Precipitation-
Heat Treated

S1 is specified by the purchaser. Impact tests may be made at test temperature is at least as low as the intended service
temperatures different from those in Table 4, provided that the

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 A350/A350M − 12
TABLE 3 Charpy V-Notch Energy Requirements for Standard Size [Link] Where subsize specimens are used and represent
[10 by 10 mm] Specimens forged material with thicknesses equal to or greater than 0.394
Minimum Impact in. [10 mm], and where the largest obtainable specimen has a
Minimum Impact
Energy Required
for Average of
Energy Permitted width along the notch of at least 8 mm, such specimen shall be
Grade for One Specimen
Each Set of Three
only of a Set,
tested at the temperature in Table 4. Where the largest
Specimens, obtainable specimen has a width along the notch less than 8
ft·lbf[J]
ft·lbf[J]
mm, the temperature for testing shall be lower than the
LF1 and LF9 13 [18] 10 [14]
LF2, Class 1 15 [20] 12 [16] temperature in Table 4 by the amount shown in Table 6 for the
LF3, Class 1 15 [20] 12 [16] actual specimen width tested.
LF5 Class 1 and 2 15 [20] 12 [16] [Link] Where subsize specimens are used and represent
LF787 Classes 2 and 3 15 [20] 12 [16]
LF6, Class 1 15 [20] 12 [16] forged material with thicknesses less than 0.394 in. [10 mm],
LF2, Class 2 20 [27] 15 [20] and where the largest obtainable specimen has a width along
LF3, Class 2 20 [27] 15 [20] the notch of at least 80 % of the forging thickness, the
LF6, Classes 2 and 3 20 [27] 15 [20]
specimen shall be tested at the temperature in Table 4. Where
the largest obtainable specimen has a width along the notch of
TABLE 4 Standard Impact Test Temperature for Standard Size [10 less than 80 % of the material thickness, the temperature for
by 10 mm] Specimens testing shall be lower than the temperature in Table 4 by an
Grade Test Temperature, °F [°C] amount equal to the difference (referring to Table 6) between
LF1 −20 [−29] the temperature reduction corresponding to the thickness of the
LF2 Class 1 −50 [−46] material represented, and the temperature reduction corre-
LF2 Class 2 −0 [−18] sponding to the specimen width actually tested.
LF3, Classes 1 and 2 −150 [−101]
LF5, Classes 1 and 2 −75 [−59] 7.3 Hardness Test:
LF6, Classes 1 and 2 −60 [−51]
LF6, Class 3 0 [−18]
7.3.1 Except when only one forging is produced, a mini-
LF9 −100 [−73] mum of two forgings shall be hardness tested per batch or
LF787, Class 2 −75 [−59] continuous run as defined in [Link] to ensure that hardness of
LF787 Class 3 −100 [−73]
the forgings does not exceed 197 HBW after heat treatment for
mechanical properties. The hardness measurements shall be
TABLE 5 Minimum Equivalent Absorbed Energy ft·lbf (J) for
made as specified in Specification A961/A961M. When only
Various Specimen SizesA one forging is produced, it shall be hardness tested to ensure
Standard ⁄ size
34 ⁄ size
23 ⁄ size
12 ⁄ size
13 ⁄ size
14 that it meets the 197 HBW maximum of this specification. The
Size [10 by [10 by [10 by [10 by [10 by [10 by purchaser may verify that this requirement has been met by
10 mm] 7.5 mm] 6.6 mm] 5 mm] 3.3 mm] 2.5 mm] testing at any location on the forging, provided that such
15 [20] 12 [16] 10 [14] 8 [11] 5 [7] 4 [6] testing does not render the forging useless.
13 [18] 10 [14] 9 [12] 7 [10] 5 [7] 4 [6]
12 [16] 10 [14] 9 [12] 7 [10] 4 [6] 3 [5]
10 [14] 8 [11] 7 [10] 5 [7] 3 [5] 3 [5] 8. Hydrostatic Test
A
Straight-line interpolation for intermediate values is permitted. 8.1 Forgings manufactured under this specification shall be
capable of passing a hydrostatic test compatible with the rating
of the finished item. Such tests shall be conducted by the
temperature, and that the forging is suitably marked to identify
the reported test temperature.
TABLE 6 Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction Below Table
[Link] The test specimens shall be machined from material 4 Test Temperature when the Subsize Charpy Impact Width along
obtained as in 7.1. Notch is Less than 80% of the Forging Thickness
7.2.2 Number of Tests—Three specimens shall constitute Thickness of the
one test set. There shall be the same number of test sets as Material Represented
Temperature
tension tests in 7.1.2. (see [Link]), or
Size of Bar Reduction,
Charpy, Impact
7.2.3 Test Locations and Orientations—The test specimen Specimen Width Along
°F [°C]
shall be located and oriented as described in 7.1.3. The area the NotchA , in. [mm]
under the notch of the impact test specimen shall be used to Standard 0.394 [10] 0 [0]
locate the specimen with respect to the second heat-treated Standard 0.354 [9] 0 [0]
Standard 0.315 [8] 0 [0]
surface. The base of the notch shall be perpendicular to the 3⁄4-size 0.295 [7.5] 5 [3]
nearest heat-treated surface. 3⁄4-size 0.276 [7] 8 [5]
2⁄3-size 0.262 [6.67] 10 [6]
7.2.4 Test Method—The notched bar impact test shall be 2⁄3-size 0.236 [6] 15 [8]
made in accordance with the procedure for the Charpy V-notch 1⁄2-size 0.197 [5] 20 [11]
type test as specified in Specification A961/A961M. 1⁄2-size 0.158 [4] 30 [17]
1⁄3-size 0.131 [3.33] 35 [20]
[Link] Standard size specimens shall be used for the impact 1⁄3-size 0.118 [3] 40 [22]
test. Where the material is of insufficient thickness, or the 1⁄4-size 0.099 [2.5] 50 [28]
shape of the forging precludes standard size, the largest A
Straight-line interpolation for intermediate values is permitted.
obtainable subsize specimen shall be used.

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 A350/A350M − 12

FIG. 4 Separately Forged Test Bar for Forgings with T > 2 in. [50 mm] and W/T Ratio < 2 and Quenched and Tempered or Quenched
and Precipitation-Heat Treated

manufacturer only when Supplementary Requirement S57 of be as large as permitted by the weldment thickness. Where
Specification A961/A961M is specified. full-size specimens can be obtained and where there is suffi-
cient weldment thickness, the weld specimen shall be taken
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance with one side of the specimen within 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm] of the
9.1 Forgings shall conform to the requirements of Specifi- weld surface. Heat-affected zone impact test specimens shall
cation A961/A961M. be taken at the same depth and locations applicable to the
forging in [Link] and [Link]. When forgings are thermally
10. Retests treated after repair welding, the weld procedure test plate shall
10.1 If any test specimen shows flaws or defective machin- be subjected to the same thermal treatment. The mechanical
ing, it may be discarded and another specimen substituted. properties of the weld procedure qualification test shall con-
form to Section 7.
11. Rework and Retreatment 11.3.2 Defects shall be completely removed by chipping or
11.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform to grinding to sound metal as verified by magnetic particle, or
the requirements specified, the manufacturer may reheat treat liquid penetrant inspection prior to welding.
the forgings represented, and shall retest to the applicable 11.3.3 For Grade LF1 forgings, and LF2 forgings that are to
requirements. be only stress-relieved after repair welding, the weld metal
shall be deposited using carbon steel electrodes E 7015, E
11.2 Individually tested forgings meeting all requirements 7016, or E 7018, complying with AWS A 5.1. For Grade LF2
shall be acceptable. forgings in all other conditions of post-weld heat treatment, the
11.3 Repair by Welding—Weld repairs shall be permitted weld metal shall be deposited using low-alloy steel electrodes
(see Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A961/ E 7015-A1; E 7016-A1, or E 7018-A1 complying with AWS
A961M) at the discretion of the manufacturer with the follow- 5.5; for Grade LF3 forgings the weld metal shall be deposited
ing limitations and requirements: using low-alloy steel electrodes E 8016-C2 or E 8018-C2
11.3.1 Repair by welding shall be made using welding complying with AWS A 5.5; for Grades LF5, LF9, and LF787
procedures and welders qualified in accordance with ASME forgings, the weld metal shall be deposited using low-alloy
Section IX of the Code. The weld procedure qualification test steel electrodes E 8016-C1 or E 8018-C1 complying with AWS
shall also include impact tests of the weld metal and heat- A 5.5. For Grade LF6, the electrodes shall be low-hydrogen,
affected zone. All impact test specimens shall have the longi- E-XX15, E-XX16, or E-XX18 complying with AWS A 5.1 or
tudinal axis transverse to the weld and the base of the notch A 5.5, as applicable.
normal to the weld surface. Weld specimens shall have the 11.3.4 After repair welding, the area welded shall be com-
notch in weld metal and heat-affected zone specimens shall pletely free of defects as verified by magnetic particle or liquid
have the notch in the heat-affected zone. The specimens shall penetrant inspection.

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 A350/A350M − 12
11.3.5 Forgings repair welded in the normalized, normal- 15. Product Marking
ized and tempered, or the quenched and tempered conditions 15.1 In addition to the marking requirements of Specifica-
shall be stress-relieved after repair welding at 1100 °F [590 °C] tion A961/A961M, manufacturer’s name (see Note 1) or
minimum, but not higher than the temperature previously used symbol shall be permanently marked on each forging.
for tempering the base metal of the same forging, or shall be
reheat treated in accordance with 5.4. NOTE 1—For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer is
considered the organization that certifies the piping component was
11.3.6 When the purchaser specifies Supplementary Re- manufactured, sampled, and tested in accordance with this specification
quirement S5, the same requirements shall apply to the weld and the results have been determined to meet the requirements of this
procedure qualification tests. specification.
11.3.7 Repair by welding shall not exceed 10 % of the 15.1.1 If the forgings have been quenched and tempered or
surface area of the forging or 331⁄3 % of the wall thickness of quenched-and-precipitation heat treated, the letters QT shall be
the finished forging, or 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm], whichever is less, stamped on the forgings following the ASTM designation.
without prior approval of the purchaser. 15.1.2 Forgings repaired by welding shall be marked with
11.3.8 When approval of the purchaser is obtained, the the letter W following the ASTM designation.
limitations set forth in 11.3.7 may be exceeded, but all other 15.2 If identification stamps are objectionable and detrimen-
requirements of 11.3 shall apply. tal to the forging, and when so stated on the purchase order, the
marks may be painted or stenciled on the forging, or stamped
12. Inspection on a metal or plastic tag which shall be securely attached to the
12.1 Inspection provisions of Specification A961/A961M forging.
shall apply. 15.3 When test reports are required, additional marks shall
be used as necessary to identify the part with the test report.
13. Rejection and Rehearing
15.4 If the test temperature is other than the standard
13.1 Purchaser shall comply with provisions of Specifica- temperature specified in Table 4, the mark shall also include
tion A961/A961M. the suffix letter S to the grade and class and the test tempera-
ture. A prefix 0 to the test temperature shall indicate a less than
14. Certification 0 °F [-18 °C] value. For example, LF2S 0175 denotes a test
14.1 Test reports are required and they shall include certi- temperature of –175 °F [-115 °C] for an LF2 part.
fication that all requirements of this specification have been 15.5 Parts meeting all requirements for more than one class
met, and shall be traceable to the forging represented. The may be marked with more than one class such as LF2
specification designation included on test reports shall include CL1/C12; LF5 CL1/CL2, and so forth.
year of issue and revision letter, if any. The manufacturer shall 15.6 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 15.1,
provide the following where applicable: 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, and 15.5, bar coding is acceptable as a
14.1.1 Type heat treatment, Section 5, supplemental identification method. The purchaser may
14.1.2 Chemical analysis results, Section 6 (Table 1), specify in the order a specific bar coding system to be used.
14.1.3 Product analysis results, 6.2 (Table 1), The bar coding system, if applied at the discretion of the
14.1.4 Tensile property results, Section 7 (Table 2) report supplier, should be consistent with one of the published
the yield strength and ultimate strength, in ksi [MPa], elonga- industry standards for bar coding. If used on small parts, the
tion and reduction in area, in percent, bar code may be applied to the box or a substantially applied
14.1.5 Impact test results, 7.2 (Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, and tag.
Table 6),
14.1.6 Hardness results, 7.3.1, 16. Keywords
14.1.7 Any supplementary testing required by the purchase 16.1 carbon equivalent; pipe fittings, steel; piping applica-
order, and tions; pressure containing parts; steel flanges; steel forgings,
14.1.8 If repaired by welding, letter W is to follow the alloy; steel forgings, carbon; steel valves; temperature service
ASTM designation. applications, low

Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); 8

 A350/A350M − 12
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

In addition to any supplementary requirements of Specification A961/A961M, the following

supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the order:

S1. Other Impact Test Temperatures S4. Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steels

S1.1 Impact test temperatures lower or higher than the S4.1 Material made to Grades LF1, LF2, LF3, LF5, and LF9
standard temperature in Table 4 of this specification shall be shall be vacuum carbon-deoxidized, in which case the silicon
used. content shall be 0.12 % maximum. The test report shall
S1.1.1 When higher test temperatures are employed, the indicate that the steel was vacuum carbon-deoxidized.
actual test temperature may not be higher than that given in
Table S1.1.1. S5. Special Impact Test Requirements for Flanges (Note
S1.2 The test temperature shall be specified by the pur- S5.1)
chaser. When subsize specimens are used, the manufacturer S5.1 Charpy test specimens shall be cut from an actual
shall adjust the test temperature in accordance with the size flange representing each size, heat, and heat-treatment lot. If
restrictions of [Link] and [Link]. more than one size flange is represented by the same heat and
S1.3 The forging shall be marked with the specified test heat-treatment lot, the maximum size flange shall be consid-
temperature in accordance with 15.4. A lower temperature shall ered representative.
not be marked on the forging because of the use of subsize S5.2 The number, location, and orientation of the test
specimens. specimens shall be stated on the order.
S1.4 The test results shall comply with Table 3 for standard S5.3 The test results shall comply with Table 3 for standard
size specimens, and with Table 5 for subsize specimens. size specimens, and with Table 5 for subsize specimens.
NOTE S5.1—These special requirements should be considered for
S2. Stress-Relieved Test Specimens services when the applied stresses approach the maximum permissible
limits of the governing code, or the installation is subject to severe cyclic
S2.1 The test specimens shall be stress relieved. Stress conditions (7000 or more cycles over the expected life of the installation),
relieving shall be done after heat treatment in 5.4 and before or both.
machining the specimens from the heat-treated test material.
S2.2 The purchaser shall furnish the forging manufacturer S6. Carbon Equivalent
with details of the stress-relief treatment desired. S6.1 The maximum carbon equivalent based on heat analy-
S3. Lateral Expansion sis shall be as shown in Table S6.1.

S3.1 Lateral expansion of the Charpy V-notch test shall be

measured and reported. TABLE S6.1 Maximum Carbon Equivalent Value
[Link] Less Max. Thickness
Grade
TABLE S1.1.1 Maximum Supplemental Test Temperatures Than or Equal to 2 in. Greater Than 2 in.
LF1 0.45 0.46
Grade Maximum Test Temperature, °F [°C]
LF2 CL1 and CL2 0.47 0.48
LF1 −10 [−23] LF6 CL1 0.45 0.46
LF2, Class 1 −35 [−37] LF6 CL2 0.47 0.48
LF3, Classes 1 and 2 −125 [−87]
LF5, Classes 1 and 2 −60 [−51]
LF6, Classes 1 and 2 −40 [−40]
LF9 −80 [−62]
LF787, Class 2 −60 [−51] S6.2 Determine the carbon equivalent (CE) as follows:
LF787, Class 3 −80 [−62] CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
LF2 Class 2 +10 [−12]
LF6 Class 3 +10 [−12] S6.3 A lower maximum carbon equivalent may be agreed
upon between the supplier and the purchaser.

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 A350/A350M − 12
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A350/A350M–11, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2012)

(1) Revised [Link], [Link], [Link]. (3) Revised Fig. 1. Added new Figs. 2-4.
(2) Added new [Link] (1), [Link] (2), and [Link] (3).

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A350/A350M–10, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved October 1, 2011)

(1) Deleted the references to Test Methods and Definitions

A370 throughout.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A350/A350M–07, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved November 1, 2010)

(1) Revised hardness designation to HBW in 7.3.1.

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make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
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