BST Carbonization equipment installation

and operation manual

BST 系列炭化设备安装使用操作手册

BESTON GROUP CO., LTD.

河南国立百特环保科技有限公司

August 2022

2022 年 8 月
Thank you for using "BESTON" BST series after-sales service department of BESTON
carbonization equipment GROUP CO., LTD. We will warmly welcome
谢谢您使用“百特”BST 系列炭化设备 your calls.
BESTON GROUP CO., LTD. adopts modern The hotline 电话: +86-371-55181866.
design methods, advanced technological 如果有任何设备相关零件的定购或服务，请
means, perfect testing procedures, and 直接致电河南国立环保科技有限公司售后
quality assurance system, so we can 服务部门，我们将热忱欢迎您的来电，免费
effectively guarantee the performance, 来电热线：+86-371-55181866。
reliability and safety of the equipment. At the Please provide the following information
same time, top-notch employees, honest when ordering related parts:
attitude, high standard and efficient service 任何与设备相关的零件定购或服务，请直接
ensure that your equipment has a significant 致电生产厂家售后服务部，定购零部件时请
work efficiency. 提供以下信息。
河南国立百特环保科技有限公司采用现代 Product number 产品编号:
的设计方法，先进的工艺手段，完善的测试 Product model 产品型号:
程序和质量保证体系。可以最有效的保证设 Product Business Manager 产品业务经理:
备的性能、可靠性和安全性。同时一流的员 Product ex-factory date 产品出厂日期:
工、诚信的态度、高标准、高效率的服务， Parts to be replaced 需更换的部件:
保证您的设备拥有显著的工作效率。 Overview of product issues 产 品 问 题 概 述 :
This manual contains important information
on the operation, maintenance,
troubleshooting, spare parts and
accompanying tools of the BST series Warning:
carbonization equipment. Reading this 警告:
manual can ensure that you can accurately This product has a potential implosion hazard,
debug, operate and maintain the plant. please read this manual carefully before
本手册包含 BST 型炭化设备的操作使用、维 operating, and please operate it properly!
护保养、故障排除、备件及随机工具等重要 本产品有潜在的内爆危险，使用前请仔细阅
信息，阅读本手册内容可以保证您对设备进 读，并请规范操作！
行精确调试、操作和正确维护保养。
BESTON GROUP CO., LTD. has the right to
change this manual without any
responsibility.
河南国立百特环保科技有限公司有权进行
变更而不承担任何责任。 Notice：
This publication is part of BST series 注意:
carbonization equipment and must be sold
together with our carbonization equipment. Please read this manual before operating this
Reprinting without permission is prohibited. machine and keep it for timely use and
本出版物是 BST 型炭化设备的一部分，必须 maintenance refer to. All operations must
与炭化设备一起被销售，未经许可，禁止翻 follow the instructions in the manual
印。 to proceed, use this manual to:
If you have any orders or services for 操作使用本机器之前请阅读本说明
equipment related parts, please call the 书并予以保留，以便在使用和维修时及时
参考。所有的操作都必须按说明书上的规 purposes;
定进行，使用本说明书将： 如果不按本说明规定使用而用于
 help you understand the machine; 其它目的；
帮助您了解本机器；  Poor maintenance, using the wrong
 Avoid breakdowns and dangers lubricants, wearing parts and
caused by improper operation. accessories caused by not following
避免由于不适当操作而引起的故 this manual;
障和危险； 如果不按本说明规定导致保养不
 Increase the reliability of the 善以及使用了错误的润滑油、易损
machine you use; 件及配件等；
增加你所使用机器的可靠性；  This manual is only for this plant,
 Extend the life of the machinery you losses caused by operating other
use; equipment according to this manual;
延长你所使用机器的寿命； 本手册仅针对本设备，如对其它设
 Improve production efficiency; 备按照本手册操作引起的损失；
提高产品的生产效率；  This manual only involves the
Improve production efficiency; design and production of our
 Reduce repair costs and downtime. company parts, for other purchased
减少修理费用和停机时间。 parts, please follow the
Make sure this manual is within reach, just manufacturer's corresponding
like the tools in the toolbox. After you fully instructions for operation (such as
understand the contents of these instructions, motors, draft fans, water pumps,
you can operate this machine. cooling towers, pressure and
要保证本说明书伸手可得，就像工具 temperature gauges, valves, etc.).
箱里的工具一样。对这些说明的内容完全 Claims for breakdown of the
了解以后，您就可以操作本机器了。 machine caused by failure to
comply with the manual will be
considered unfounded. 本说明书
仅涉及本公司设计制作部分，其他
外购件事项请遵照生产厂家相应
Notice：
说明资料操作（如电机、引风机、
须知: 水泵、冷却塔、压力和温度仪表仪
Our company is not responsible for the use 器仪阀等）。对于未遵照相应说明
faults and safety problems of the machine 资料造成机器故障而提出的索赔
under the following conditions: 将被认为是没有理由的。
我公司在下列倩况不对机器的使用
故障和安全问题负责：
 If the operation does not conform Users of this machine must comply with all
to normal and specified operation Relevant safety responsibility provisions.
methods; 使用本机器的用户必须遵守所有有关的安
如果操作不符合正常和规定操作 全责任条款。
方法； If there is any change in the content of this
 If not used in accordance with this manual, it will be updated in the next
manual and used for other reprint without notice.
本说明书所述内容如有变化，将在下 河南国立百特环保科技有限公司
次再版时予以更新，恕不另行通知。
The copyright of this manual belongs to Address: 9th Floor, Building 6, Central
BESTON GROUP CO., LTD. and cannot be E-business Building, No. 88, Zhengping
printed without permission.
本说明书版权归河南国立百特环保科技 Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou City, Henan
有限公司所有，未经允许不得印刷。 Province
BESTON GROUP CO., LTD. reserves the final
地址：河南省郑州市二七区河南省郑州市
right to interpret this manual.
郑平路 88 号中部电商港 6 号楼 9 楼
本说明书最终解释权归河南国立百特环
保科技有限公司所有。 Tel 电话：+86-371-55181866

BESTON GROUP CO., LTD.

 目录
Ⅰ.Inspection items when the equipment arrives 一、设备抵达时检查项目··································6
Ⅱ.Equipment use safety matters 二、设备使用安全项···································································6
Ⅲ. Overview 三、设备概述·········································································································15
Ⅳ. Technical parameter 四、设备技术参数··················································································15
4.1 Equipment outline structure 设备外形结构图·········································································15
4.1.1 Outline drawing of carbonization furnace 炭化主机外形图················································16
4.1.2 Dryer outside drawing 烘干主机外形图··············································································18
4.1.3 Outline Drawing of the Wind Shelter 闭风器外形图····························································19
4.1.4 Outline drawing of water-cooled discharger 1# 水冷出渣 1＃外形图································20
4.1.5 Outline drawing of combustible gas/exhaust gas dust collector and combustible gas outlet
可燃气/尾气除尘器和可燃气出口外图·······················································································21
4.1.6 Outline drawing of plate condenser and tube condenser
板式冷凝器和列管泠凝器外形图·································································································22
4.1.7 Outline drawing of desulfurization tower and spray tower 脱硫塔和喷淋塔外形图···········23
4.2 Performance and structural parameters 性能与结构参数······················································24
4.3 Introduction to the structure and function of the main components
主要部件的结构功能简介·············································································································25
4.3.1 Large inclination belt conveyor 大倾角皮带机······································································25
4.3.2 Air Close 闭风器·····················································································································29
4.3.3 Dryer 烘干机··························································································································30
4.3.4 Carbonization host 炭化主机·································································································38
4.3.5 Combustible induced draft fan 可燃气引风机······································································47
4.3.6 Exhaust induced draft fan 尾气引风机·················································································50
4.3.7 Cyclone 旋风除尘··················································································································52
4.3.8 Condensing system 冷凝系统································································································53
4.3.9 Combustion System 燃烧系统·······························································································54
4.3.10 Dust removal system 除尘系统····························································································56
Ⅳ. Control and operation instructions 五、控制与操作说明·······················································57
5.1 General operation process overview 操作一般流程概述························································57
5.2 Control operation 控制操作·····································································································59
5.3 Safe operation 安全运行···········································································································86
 Ⅰ.Inspection items when the equipment arrives
设备抵达时检查项目

1.1 Check whether the equipment is bumped, impacted, deformed, etc. during
transportation;
检查设备是否在运输过程中有碰伤、撞击、变形等；
1.2 Appearance of equipment: check labels, equipment integrity, product model,
product certification, product manual, random accessories, etc.;
设备外观：检查标贴、设备完整性、产品型号、产品合格证、产品
说明书、随机配件等；
1.3 Check whether the arrival of the complete machine parts and accessories
matches the order;
检查整机部件和配件到货是否与订单匹配；
1.4 Check whether the whole machine and components are corroded;
If the above situation occurs, please contact the relevant personnel of our company
as soon as possible.
如有以上情况产生，请尽快联系我公司相关人员。

Ⅱ.Equipment use safety matters 设备使用安全事项

Before operation, please read and understand the operating instruction manual carefully.

操作前，请详细阅读并理解操作说明手册。

The following are general warnings regarding the safe setup, use, grounding, maintenance, and
repair of this equipment. In this manual, the exclamation mark of warning and danger signs
indicates certain special hazards.
以下是有关本设备的安全设置、使用、接地、维护及修理的一般警告。 在本手册中，警告
和危险标志的感叹号表示某些特殊危险。

Warning 警告
Fire and explosion hazards 火灾和爆炸危险
If the oil gas and combustible gas leak, flammable fumes will be formed in the
work area and cannot be removed in time, which may cause fire or explosion
hazard. To prevent fire and explosion:
若油气和可燃气等泄漏，在工作区内形成可燃烟雾而不能及时排除，会有火
灾或爆炸危险。为防止起火和爆炸：
•This equipment should be used in a well-ventilated area, and the ventilation
capacity should not be less than 6 times/h, and the accident ventilation capacity
should not be less than 12 times/h.
此设备需在通风良好的区间使用，并保证通风换气能力不小于6次／h，事故
通风换气次数不小于12次／h。
•The fuel storage tank for heating should be far away from the equipment and
prohibit setting in the same workshop as the equipment. The capacity of the daily
fuel tank should not exceed 1m³, and the distance from the equipment should not
be less than 30m. Fire walls, emergency oil drains and special fire extinguishers
and other facilities should be installed in all of them.
加热用燃料储油罐应远离设备并且不允许与设备置于同一厂房内，日用油箱
的容量不应超过1m³，距离设备不小于30m，并全部设置防火墙、紧急泄油口、
专用灭火器等设施。
•Hidden fire sources, such as cigarette butts, portable lights and plastic
shielding cloth ( which can generate static sparks ), are forbidden.
不允许存在隐患火源，如烟头、手提电灯及塑胶遮蔽布( 可产生静电火花)。
•Keep the work area clean and free of flammable sundries such as biomass lumps
and debris.
保持工作区清洁，无生物质块和碎屑等易燃杂物。
•Do not unplug or switch power or lights in the presence of flammable fumes.
存在易燃烟雾时不要插拔电源插头或开关电源或电灯。
•Ground all equipment in the work area, see Grounding Instructions.
将工作区内的所有设备接地，请参见接地说明。
•Use only grounded hoses.
只能使用已接地的软管。
•If you experience static sparks or feel an electric shock, stop immediately and do
not use the equipment until the problem has been identified and corrected.
如果出现静电火花或感到有电击，则应立即停止操作，在找出并纠正问题之
前，不要使用设备。
•The working area should always be equipped with effective fire
extinguishers, and fire alarm devices should be set up at the accumulation of
raw materials and carbon materials.
工作区内要始终配备有效的灭火器，在原料堆积、炭料堆积等处设置火灾报
警装置。
Improper operation or improper maintenance of equipment may result in
implosion in the reactor and fire hazards. To prevent implosion and fire:
若操作不当或设备维护保养不当，会有炭化炉内爆和火灾危险。为防止内爆
和起火：
•This equipment must be installed, debugged and controlled according to the
requirements of our company's installation engineer, and operated and
maintained according to this manual.
此设备必须按照我公司安装工程师要求进行安装调试以及规范操控，按照此
说明书进行操作和维护保养。
Electric shock hazard 触电危险
The three-phase power supply is used in the system, which may cause danger
to the human body, so be very careful when working.
系统内使用了三相电源，有可能对人体造成危险，工作时需要非常小心。
•Regularly check whether the wiring terminals are in good contact.
定期检查接线端子是否接触良好。
•If a damaged electrical component is found, isolate the component before
repairing or replacing it.
如发现有损坏的电气元件，在修复或更换前要先隔离该元件。
•Check that the electrical box is well sealed to prevent water ingress.
检查电器箱密封是否良好以防进水。
•Only qualified electrical technicians are allowed to perform maintenance work.
只允许有资格的电气技术人员进行检修工作。
•Do not cut off the power cord when the three-phase motor is working.
三相电动机处于工作状态时不可切断电源线
•Please do not place tools, screws, etc. on the electrical appliance to avoid the
danger of electric shock.
请不要将工具、螺丝等放置在电器上，以免造成触电危险。
•It must be ensured that the ground wire operation is performed.
必须确保执行接地线操作。
High temperature burn hazard 烫伤危险
When the equipment is working, its temperature exceeds 400 ℃, which may
cause danger to the human body, so be very careful when working.
设备工作时温度超过400℃，有可能对人体造成危险，工作时需要非常小心。
•Do not touch the furnace door directly with your hands, you need to wear
special heat-insulating gloves.
不要用手直接触摸炉门，需要佩戴专用隔热手套。
•Do not stay at the furnace door for a long time to avoid scalding the body due to
the implosion of high temperature gas.
不要长久在炉门处停留，避免因内爆高温气体喷出烫伤身体。
•Do not block or obstruct leaks of hot gas with your hands, body, gloves or rags.
不要用手、身体、手套或抹布去堵住或挡住泄漏高温气体。
•Do not touch the fuselage of the carbonization furnace, dryer, hot smoke
exhaust, hot oil and gas with your hands or body.
不要用手、身体触碰炭化主机、烘干机、热烟尾气、热油气等部位的机身。
•During maintenance, it is necessary to stop the machine and wait for the
equipment to cool down to below 60°C before operating.
维护保养时需停机并待设备冷却至60℃以下再进行操作。
•The manhole cannot be opened when the equipment is in operation, otherwise
you will be scalded by the high temperature gas or the equipment will explode.
检修孔不能在设备运作时间打开，否则会被高温气体烫伤或者爆炸。
•Do not put your head, hands, face and other parts into the air shutter during
the operation of the equipment, or you will be scalded by high-temperature
gas or parts.
不要将头、手、脸等部位伸入设备运作时的闭风器，否则会被高温气体或部
件烫伤。
•Do not replace the instrumentation valve and other detection components when
the equipment is in operation, otherwise you will be scalded by the high
temperature gas or components.
设备工作中不要更换仪表仪器仪阀等检测部件，否则会被高温气体或部件烫
伤。
High voltage hazard of equipment 设备出现高压危险
The equipment work is a continuous operation, and the uninterrupted
operation for many days may cause the blockage of the combustible gas
pipeline. To prevent the danger of high pressure equipment due to blockage:
设备工作是连续式作业，连续多天不间断的作业可能会出现可燃气管路堵塞
情况。为防止堵塞造成的设备高压危险：
•Increase the rotating speed of the syngas induced draft fan, increase the
extraction flow, open the syngas burner of the combustion chamber, close the
syngas burner of the carbonization furnace, at the same time, start the operation
of shutting down the equipment. If necessary, open the vent valve for pressure
relief. After cooling to room temperature, conduct pipeline troubleshooting and
blockage removal.
增大可燃气引风机转速，加大抽出流量，打开排烧室喷枪燃烧，关闭炭化主
炉喷枪燃烧，同时启动关闭设备运行操作，必要时打开排空阀门进行泄压，
待冷却至室温后，进行管道排查清堵作业。
If the temperature in the furnace rises too fast or the raw material
carbonization oil and gas are produced more, the pressure of the carbonization
furnace may rise. In order to prevent the high voltage hazard of the equipment
caused by this condition:
炉内温度上升过快或原料炭化油气产出较多等可能会出现炭化主炉压力升
高。为防止此种状况造成的设备高压危险：
•Increase the rotation speed of the gas induced draft fan, increase the extraction
flow, open the syngas burner in the combustion chamber, reduce the syngas
burner in the carbonization furnace, reduce the feed rate of the carbonized raw
materials, open the vent valve for pressure relief if necessary, and gradually
restore the original setting after the pressure in the furnace returns to the normal
and stable value, and adjust the syngas burner in the combustion chamber to the
appropriate level.
增大可燃气引风机转速，加大抽出流量，打开排烧室喷枪燃烧，调小炭化主
炉喷枪燃烧，减少炭化原料进给速度，必要时打开排空阀门进行泄压，待炉
内压力恢复正常稳定值后，再逐步恢复原设定，并调节到适当的排烧室喷枪
燃烧。
The equipment is overheating 设备出现温度过高
The equipment works continuously, and the temperature in the carbonization
furnace or the dryer may be too high (more than 550 ℃). In order to prevent
the high temperature from affecting the quality of raw materials or carbon
black and the safety of equipment:
设备工作属连续式作业，炭化主炉内或烘干机内等可能会出现温度过高（超
过550℃）的情况。为防止温度过高影响原料或炭黑的质量及设备安全性：
•Turn on the syngas burner in the combustion chamber to burn, and turn down
the syngas burner in the carbonization furnace. After the temperature in the
furnace returns to a normal and stable value, gradually restore the original setting
and adjust to the appropriate syngas burner in the combustion chamber to burn.
打开排烧室喷枪燃烧，调小炭化主炉喷枪燃烧，待炉内温度恢复正常稳定值
后，再逐步恢复原设定，并调节到适当的排烧室喷枪燃烧。
Danger of not replacing seals in time after they are damaged
密封件损坏后不及时更换危险
Equipment seals are vulnerable parts. Failure to replace them in time after
damage will affect the safety of the equipment. In order to prevent the danger
caused by damaged seals:
设备密封件属于易损件，损坏后不及时更换会影响设备的安全性，为防止密
封件损坏危险：
• After the equipment is shut down and before the next start-up, the seals
should be tested to ensure the safety and reliability of them.
设备停机后下一次开机前，要对密封件进行检测，确保密封件安全可靠。
•If the seal is found damaged during the operation of the equipment, press the
emergency stop button immediately, and operate according to the emergency
stop method. After the equipment has cooled to room temperature, repair and
replace it.
若设备工作中发现密封件损坏，要立即按下急停按钮，并按照急停停机方法
进行操作，待设备冷却至室温后，再进行修复和更换。
Fire flashback hazard 燃烧回火危险
The combustible gas is burned in a sealed furnace, this may present a flashback
hazard. To prevent flashback hazard:
设备在密封的壁炉内燃烧加热，可能会有回火危险。为防止回火危险：
•When the temperature at the chimney mouth exceeds 600 ℃, it means that the
hot air in the furnace increases sharply and the positive pressure is higher. It is
necessary to open or adjust the syngas burner in the combustion chamber,
increase the frequency of the hot smoke induced draft fan, increase the hot
smoke extraction volume, and reduce the positive pressure in the furnace.
烟囱口处温度超过600℃时，说明壁炉内热空气急剧增大，壁炉内背压较大，
需打开或者调大排烧室喷枪燃烧，同时增大热烟引风机频率，加大热烟抽出
量，降低壁炉内背压。
•If the combustible gas induced draft fan is damaged and stops working during
operation, press the emergency stop button immediately and operate according
to the emergency stop method. If necessary, open the vent valve for pressure
relief. After the equipment is cooled to room temperature, repair and replace it.
若可燃气引风机工作过程中损坏停止工作，要立即按下急停按钮，并按照急
停停机方法进行操作，必要时打开排空阀进行泄压，待设备冷却至室温后，
再进行修复和更换。
Equipment damaged hazard 设备损坏危险
•Every time, after the equipment is shut down and before the next startup,
check the fastening screws, structural parts, valves, instruments, etc. of the
equipment to ensure that the equipment is not damaged or loosened, and is safe
and reliable.
每次设备停机后下一次开机前，要对设备的紧固螺钉、设备结构件、设备阀
门仪表仪器等进行检查，确保设备无损坏和松动、安全可靠。
•If structural parts, valves, instruments, etc. are damaged during equipment
operation, press the emergency stop button immediately and operate according
to the emergency stop method. Repair and replace the equipment after it is
cooled to room temperature.
若设备工作中发现结构件、阀门仪表仪器等损坏，要立即按下急停按钮，并
按照急停停机方法进行操作，待设备冷却至室温后，再进行修复和更换。
•The maintenance operation of the equipment should be carried out in
accordance with this manual to avoid damage to the equipment during use.
需按照本手册进行设备的维护保养操作，避免设备使用中损坏。
Material accumulation flammable hazard 物料堆积易燃危险
After the finished carbon black is released, there is residual heat, which may
cause the carbon black to burn dangerous after accumulation. To prevent a burn
hazard:
成品炭黑出炉后有余热，堆积后可能会造成炭黑燃烧危险。为防止燃烧危险：
•Do not store charcoal in accumulation until it has cooled to room temperature.
炭冷却至室温前，不要堆积储放。
•If it needs to be stacked and stored, it needs to be stored in the tank bin and
measures should be taken to eliminate the air inside.若需要堆积储放，需要储
放在罐仓中，并采取措施消除里面的空气。
•The storage location should be away from heat sources and should be placed
in a cool place.
储放位置要远离热源，需放置在阴凉处。
Danger of damage to drive elements 驱动元件损坏危险
Risk of damage to the drive elements due to excessive torque when starting the
machine. To prevent such hazards:
设备启动时扭矩过大，可能会造成驱动元件损坏危险。为防止此类危险：
•During normal shutdown, it is necessary to operate or empty the materials in
the dryer and carbonizer furnace, so as to avoid large starting torque and
damage to the driving elements due to the large-scale accumulation or
agglomeration of materials in the furnace during the next startup.
正常停机时，需运作或者清空烘干机和炭化机炉内物料，避免下次启动时由
于腔体内物料大批量堆积或者结块造成启动扭矩大，损坏驱动元件。
•After the emergency shutdown, when the equipment has cooled to room
temperature, the materials in the dryer and carbonizer furnace need to be
emptied.
紧急停机后，设备冷却到室温后，需清空烘干机和炭化机炉内物料。
•Before starting each time, it needs to operate without load for 3-5 minutes. If
the bearing is damaged or the gears, rollers, etc. are stuck, it should be
eliminated in time.
每次启动前需空载运作3-5分钟，若轴承损坏或齿轮、托辊等卡位，要及时排
除。
•During use, it is not allowed to exceed the maximum processing capacity of the
equipment, otherwise it will cause overload damage to the drive elements.
使用过程中，不允许超过设备的最大处理量，否则会造成驱动元件过载损坏。
Mechanical injury hazard 机械伤人危险
During the operation of the equipment, there are many transmission parts,
which may cause the danger of mechanical injury. To prevent such hazards:
设备运行中，有许多传动部件，可能会造成机械伤人危险。为防止此类危险：
•During the operation of transmission parts such as idlers, gears, transmission
belts, chains, induced draft fans, motors, and reducers, it is forbidden to extend
the body parts such as hands and feet into them.
托辊、齿轮、传动带、链条、引风机、电机、减速器等传动部件运行过程中，
禁止手、脚等身体部位伸入其中。
•During the operation of the equipment, it is forbidden to use wrenches,
calipers and other tools to fasten or repair the equipment, so as to avoid
damage to the body due to the recoil force.
设备运行过程中禁止用扳手、卡钳等工具紧固或修理设备，避免反坐力伤害
身体。
•Wear special safety helmets, gloves and other labor protection supplies during
equipment maintenance or repair.
设备维护保养或修理过程中，佩戴专用安全帽、手套等劳保用品。
•In the process of equipment repair, it is not allowed to directly weld or cut the
carbonization furnace, oil tank, condenser, combustible cyclone de-dusting,
combustible gas pipeline and other components, so as to avoid the residual oil
and gas bursting and hurting the body, and necessary safety measures must be
taken before welding or cutting
设备修理过程中，不能直接对炭化主炉、储油罐、冷凝器、可燃气旋风除尘、
可燃气管线等部件焊接或切割，避免残存油气爆裂伤害身体，焊接或切割前
要采取必要的安全措施。
Smoke Poisoning Hazard 烟雾中毒危险
Risk of serious injury or death if toxic fumes are inhaled. To prevent such
hazards:
如果吸入有毒的烟雾会导致严重伤害或死亡危险。为防止此类危险：
•Exhaust gas and combustible gas contain CO, which is a colorless, odorless gas.
Excessive inhalation of CO can lead to death, so please ensure good ventilation in
the workplace and need to wear a smoke gas mask.
排出的废气和可燃气中含有CO，它是一种无色、无嗅的气体。 吸入过量的CO
会导致死亡,保证工作厂房内具有良好的通风，需佩戴烟尘防毒面具。

Equipment Misuse Hazard 设备误用危险

Misuse of the equipment can result in serious injury or death.
误用设备会导致严重的人员伤亡。
•Do not use this equipment when tired, after taking drugs or drinking alcohol.
疲劳时、服用药物或饮酒之后不得使用此设备。
•Do not exceed the maximum working pressure or temperature rating of the
lowest rated system component. See technical data in all equipment manuals.
不要超过额定值最低的系统部件的最大工作压力或温度额定值。参见所有设
备手册中的技术数据。
•Please operate according to the processing volume and raw materials specified
in the contract. If you need to replace the raw materials or increase the
processing volume, please contact the staff of our company.
请按照合同中标定的处理量和原料进行作业，如需更换原料或加大处理量，
请与我公司人员联系沟通。
•Check equipment daily. Worn or damaged parts should be repaired or replaced
immediately, only with genuine replacement parts from the manufacturer.
要每天检查设备。已磨损或损坏的零部件要立刻修理或更换，只能使用生产
厂家的原装替换用零部件进行修理或更换。
•Do not make unauthorized changes or modifications to the equipment.
不要对设备进行私自的改动或修改。
•Use the equipment only for its intended purpose.
只能将设备用于其指定用途。
•Keep hoses and cables away from common areas, sharp edges, moving parts,
and hot surfaces.
让软管和电缆远离公共区域、尖锐边缘、移动部件及热的表面。
•Keep children and animals away from the work area.
儿童和动物要远离工作区。
•Follow all applicable safety regulations.
要遵照所有适用的安全规定进行。
•The operator must be trained and skilled by our company's professional
installation engineers before operating the equipment. Without our company's
professional training or after training but unskilled workers are not allowed to
operate the equipment.
操作工人需经我公司专业安装工程师培训并熟练后方能操作该设备，未经我
公司专业培训或培训后不熟练的工人不允许操作该设备。
 Personal Protective Equipment 个人防护用品
Appropriate protective equipment must be worn when operating or maintaining
of the equipment, or entering the work area to prevent serious injury (including
eye damage), inhalation of toxic fumes, burns, and hearing damage.
These supplies include but are not limited to:
在操作或保养维护、维修设备时，或在进入设备的工作区时，必须穿戴适当
的防护用品，以免受到严重损伤（包括眼睛损伤）、吸入有毒烟雾、烧伤以
及听力损伤。 这些用品包括但不限于：
•Protective clothing and respirators recommended by the fluid and solvent
manufacturer. 流体、溶剂生产厂家所推荐的防护衣及呼吸器。
•goggles护目镜
•protective gloves防护手套
•protective shoes防护鞋

Ⅲ. Overview 概述
The equipment is the use of agricultural and forestry wastes rich in lignin, cellulose and
hemicellulose (such as straw, sawdust, rice husks, fruit husks, coconut shells, palm shells, branch
bark, logs, salary sticks, palm silk, etc. ) as the raw material, through dry distillation and pyrolysis,
the carbon and hydrogen elements in the raw material are converted into mixed combustible
gases with high calorific value such as hydrogen, methane, ethane, and carbon monoxide, and
charcoal and by-products wood vinegar and tar are produced at the same time. The use of
carbon is clean and non-polluting, and this equipment project has far-reaching significance in the
development and application of waste recycling. The reaction mechanism is as follows: the raw
materials undergo a controllable reduction reaction in an oxygen-deficient state in a closed
container. The reaction process:
该设备是利用富含木质素、纤维素、半纤维素的农林等废弃物（如秸秆、锯末、稻壳、果壳、
椰壳、棕榈壳、树枝树皮、原木、薪棒、棕榈丝等）为原料，经干馏热解，使原料中的碳、
氢元素转化为氢气、甲烷、乙烷、一氧化碳等高热值的混合可燃气体，同时产生炭及副产品
木醋、焦油。使用炭清洁无污染，在废弃物再生的开发应用方面，该设备项目具有深远的意
义。其反应机理为：原料在密闭容器内在缺氧状态下进行可控的还原反应，反应过程：
The first step is dehydration, and the inner water is removed;
第一步脱水，脱出内水；
In the second step, demethylation starts when the reaction temperature reaches 250°C, and the
exothermic reaction starts when the temperature rises to 280°C;
第二步脱甲基，反应温度到 250℃即可开始，温度升至 280℃开始放热反应；
In the third step, the aromatic ring compounds generated in the previous process are subjected
to pyrolysis, dehydrogenation, condensation, hydrogenation and other reactions (about 450 ° C);
第三步将前过程生成的芳环化合物进行热解、脱氢、缩合、氢化等反应（450℃左右）；
After the above reactions, the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements in the raw materials are
converted into mixed combustible gases such as hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide.
These reactions do not have very obvious stages, and many reactions are interleaved. After
purification, the combustible gas is transported to the burner through the pipeline to heat the
carbonization furnace, and at the same time, by-products such as tar and wood vinegar are
separated. There is no pollution flue gas emission in the whole production process, which is very
environmentally friendly and meets the national environmental protection requirements.
经过上述反应，使原料中的碳、氢、氧元素转化为氢气、甲烷、一氧化碳等混合可燃气体，
这些反应没有十分明显的阶段性，许多反应是交叉进行的。可燃气体经过净化通过管道输送
到燃烧器对炭化炉进行加热，同时分离出来焦油、木醋等副产品。整个生产过程中无污染烟
气排放，极具环保性，达到国家环保要求。
The equipment adopts inner and outer double-layered cylinders, the outer layer is deeply heated,
the heating area is made of 310S stainless steel, and the inner layer is heated by residual heat for
pre-drying treatment. The whole machine adopts a double-return heating structure, and the user
has a very high praise rate.
本设备采用内外双层筒体，外层深度加热，加热区采用310S不锈钢，内层余热加热，用作预
烘干处理，整机采用双回程加热结构，用户使用好评率极高。
The heat utilization rate of this equipment is higher, the material is not in contact with the flue
gas, and it is not polluted by hot air. Compared with the single-layer external heating structure,
the heat utilization rate is more than doubled! The thermal efficiency of the equipment reaches
70%~90%, and the energy saving effect is good; the configuration is rich and the application
range is wide; the installation is convenient and reliable, and the user installation cost is low; the
operation is simple, safe and reliable.
本设备热利用率更高，物料不与烟气接触，不受热风污染，相比单层外加热结构热利用率提
高一倍以上！设备热效率达70%~90%，节能效果好；配置丰富，适用范围广；安装方便可靠、
用户安装费用低；操控简单、安全可靠等优点。

Ⅳ. Technical parameter 技术参数

4.1 Equipment outline structure 设备外形结构图
4.1.1 Outline drawing of carbonization furnace 炭化主机外形图
9 10 11
8

7
6
5
4

3
2
1

22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
12
13

1. Material inlet 物料进料口 2.Oil and gas outlet 油气出口

3.Inner sealing device 内密封装置 4.Inner drum 内滚筒 5.Outer drum 外滚筒
6.Fire zone drum 火区滚筒 7. Drive casing 驱动机壳
8. Carbonization furnace casing 主炉机壳 9.Hot smoke outlet 热烟出口
10.Roller ring 辊 圈 11.Explosion-proof device 防爆装置
12.Feeding head 进料封头 13.Discharge head 出料封头 14. Instrument device 仪表装置
15.Graphite block seal 石 墨 块 密 封 16.Auxiliary furnace 副 炉 窖 17.Base 底 座
18.Gear seat 齿轮座 19.Drive assembly 驱动总成 20. Main furnace 主炉窖
21.Combustible gun mouth 可燃气喷枪口 22.Gearless seat 无齿轮座
23.Main supporting wheel shaft 主托轮轴 24.Bearing with seat 带座轴承
25.Pinion 小齿轮 26.Driving supporting wheel 主动托轮
27.Passive sprocket 被动链轮 28.Driven supporting Wheel 从动托轮
29.Card plate 卡 板 30.Bearing gland 轴 承 压 盖 31.Fastening bolt 紧 固 螺 栓
32.Adjusting top wire 调节顶丝 33.Locking nut 锁紧螺母 34.From idler shaft 从托轮轴
35.High temperature bearing 高 温 轴 承 36.Stop washer 止 动 垫 圈 37.Sealing cloth 密 封 布
38.Aluminum foil paper 铝 箔 纸 39.Fish scales Sheet 鱼 鳞 压 片 40.Sealant 密 封 胶
41.Graphite block 石墨块 42.Sealing cloth pad 密封布垫
43.Sealing cloth 密封布 44.Cable tie 扎带 45.Adjusting compression spring 调节压簧
46.Fastening screw 紧固螺杆 47.Aluminum foil paper 铝箔纸 48.Asbestos rope 石棉绳
 33

34

32 35

23
36
24

25

26

27
37 38 39
18

28

29

30 43 44 45 46

31

40 41 42

48 47
 4.1.2 Dryer outside drawing 烘干主机外形图
61
60
59
62
58
57 63
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49

64

65

66
67
68

71 69

72
70

49. Dispersing base 打散底座 50. Dispersing bearing seat 打散轴承座

51.Seal ring 密封圈 52.Feed port 进料口 53.Feed head 进料封头
54.Roller with rib 带挡边辊圈 55.Roller 滚筒 56.Dispersing shaft assembly 打散轴组件
57.Dispersing blade 打散叶 58.Ring gear roller 齿圈辊
59.Sealing device 密 封 装 置 60.Discharge head 出 料 封 头 61.Air outlet 出 气 口
62.Dispersing drive 打散驱动 63.Transmission belt 传动带
64.Discharge port 出 料 口 65.Gear seat 齿 轮 座 承 66.Drying drive 烘 干 驱 动
67.Dryer base 烘干底座 68.Gearless seat 无齿轮座
69.Bearing2 轴 承 2 70.Dust-proof ring 防 尘 圈 71.Bearing 1 轴 承 1
72.Dust-proof ring 防尘圈
4.1.3 Outline Drawing of the Wind Shelter 闭风器外形图

75
73 74

76

77

78

79 80 81

82

83

84

73.Wind shelter rotor 闭风器转子 74. Wind shelter liner 闭风器衬板 75.Coupling 联轴器
76.High temperature bearing 高温轴承 77.Dust-proof ring 防尘圈
78.Circlip for holes 孔用卡簧 79.Wind shelter casing 闭风器机壳
80.Reducer base 减速机座 81.Motor reducer 电机减速机 82.Sealing ring 密封圈
83.High temperature bearing 高温轴承 84.Circlip for hole 孔用卡簧
4.1.4 Outline drawing of water-cooled discharger 1# 水冷出渣 1＃外形图

85

86

87 93

89
92

91

90
94 95 96 97
89
88
85.High temperature bearing 高温轴承 86.Seal ring 密封圈 87.Dust-proof ring 防尘圈
88.Cooling water inlet 冷却进水口 89.Feed inlet/Discharge Outlet 进料口/出料口
90.Blade shaft 叶 片 轴 91.Casing 机 壳 92.Cooling water outlet 冷 却 出 水 口
93.Motor reducer 电机减速机 94.Sealing ring 密封圈
95.Dust-proof ring 防尘圈 96.High temperature bearing 高温轴承 97.Coupling 联轴器
 4.1.5 Outline drawing of combustible gas/exhaust gas dust collector and combustible gas outlet
可燃气/尾气除尘器和可燃气出口外形图 102

103
98

99

104
100

105
101

98.Air outlet 出气口 99.Air inlet 进气口 100.Dust removal bin 除尘仓 101.Dust outlet
放尘口 102.Access cover 检修盖 103.Gasket 密封垫 104.Air outlet 出气口 105.Air
inlet 进气口
 4.1.6 Outline drawing of plate condenser and tube condenser 板式冷凝器和列管泠凝器外形
图

106
111

107
112 121

108
122
113

123

114

109
115

116

117

124

118

119
110
120

125

板式冷凝器 列管冷凝器

106.Condensing top cover 冷 凝 顶 盖 107.Air inlet 进 气 口 108.Water inlet 进 水 口

109.Plate condenser 板式冷凝器 110.Inspection hole 检查孔
111.Sealing ring 密 封 圈 112.Air outlet 出气口 113.Air inlet 进气口
114.Water inlet 进 水 口 115.Tube layer 列管层
116.Condensation tube 冷凝列管 117.Tube condensation 列管冷凝 118.Water outlet 出水口
119.Sewage discharge room 污水排放室 120.Discharge outlet 出料口
121.Air outlet 出 气 口 122.Condensation top cover 冷凝顶盖 123.Sealing ring 密封圈
124.Water outlet 出 水 口 125.Discharge outlet 出料口
 4.1.7 Outline drawing of desulfurization tower and spray tower 脱硫塔和喷淋塔外形图
126
138

127
139

128
140

129 141

130 142

131 143

132
144

133 145

146
134

147
135

148

136
149

137 150

Desulfurization Tower 脱硫塔 Spray Tower 喷淋塔

126.De-dusting air outlet 除尘出气口 127. De-dusting top cover 除尘顶盖 128.De-dusting
seal 除 尘 密 封 129.Desulfurization tower 脱 硫 塔 130.Water inlet 进 水 口
131.Ceramic ring bottom plate 磁环底板 132.Ceramic ring 磁 环 133.Nozzle 喷 嘴
134.Water inlet pipe 进水管 135.Drain pipe 排水管
136.De-dusting air inlet 除尘进气口 137.Water outlet 出水口 138.De-dusting air outlet
除尘出气口 139.De-dusting top cover 除 尘 顶 盖 140.De-dusting seal 除 尘 密 封
141.Activated carbon layer 活性炭层 142.Drain pipe 排水管 143.Water inlet 进水口
144.Manhole 人孔 145.Water inlet 进水管
146.Water outlet 出 水 口 147.Folding cap 折 帽 148.Nozzle 喷 嘴
149.De-dusting air inlet 除尘进气口 150.Spray tower 喷淋塔

4.2 Performance and structural parameters 性能与结构参数

Model 型号 BST10 BST30 BST50

Processing capacity
1-2T/h 3-4T/h 5-6T/h
处理量
Carbonization
furnace 炭 Φ1300×10000 Φ1700×13000 Φ2000×13000
化主机
Dryer
Φ1300×5500 Φ1700×6100 Φ2000×6100
烘干机
Wind Shelter 300 型
450 型/1500×540×750 650 型/1635×615×750
闭风器 /1330×430×600
Large
inclination
650 型
belt conveyor 650 型/8400×1000×6200 650 型/8400×1000×6200
/8400×1000×6200
大倾角皮带
机
Water cooled
219 型
discharger 1# 273 型/5080×500×800 325 型/5080×500×800
Specifications /4600×450×700
水冷出渣 1＃
and
Water cooled
Dimensions 219 型
discharger 273 型/5080×500×800 325 型/5080×500×800
规格及外形 /4600×450×700
水冷出渣 2＃
尺寸
Combustible
gas cyclone
1000 型 1300 型 1900 型
de-dusting
/1150×1000×3500 /1700×1300×4000 /1800×1500×4000
可燃气旋风
除尘
Exhaust gas
cyclone
800 型 1000 型 1500 型
de-dusting
/1000×800×3500 /1150×1000×3500 /1700×1300×4000
尾气旋风除
尘 1＃
Condenser 800 型 1000 型
800 型/1220×800×3300
冷凝器 /1220×800×3300 /1800×1500×3500
De-dusting 1300 型 1300 型 1900 型
tower 除尘塔 /1300×1300×4900 /1300×1300×4900 /1900×1900×5000
Standard equipped total
约 95kw 115kw 约 165kw
power 标配配备总功率
 Standard floor area
33m×16m 36m×18m 42m×19m
标配占地面积
Different
configuration Different configuration Different configuration
schemes have schemes have different schemes have different
Illustrate
different power power and floor space 配 power and floor space 配
说明
and floor space 配 置方案不同则功率和占 置方案不同则功率和占
置方案不同则功率 地面积不同 地面积不同
和占地面积不同

4.3 Introduction to the structure and function of the main components

主要部件的结构功能简介
4.3.1 Large inclination belt conveyor 大倾角皮带机
The large inclination belt conveyor is mainly a part of the conveying system of the whole
carbonization equipment, which plays a role in the transfer and transmission of materials. It is
easy to install, does not scatter materials in the conveying process, has a long service life, high
transmission efficiency, low noise, is not easy to heat, and has a compact structure. In order to
prevent the belt from running off, a belt stop roller is provided. The main feature is to save the
horizontal distance of transportation and thus save the floor area of the equipment.
大倾角皮带机，主要是整个炭化设备输送系统部件，起着物料的转运和传输作用，它安装方
便，在输送过程中不撒料，使用寿命较长，传动效率高，噪音低、不易发热，结构紧凑,为
防止皮带跑偏，设有挡带辊。主要特点在于节省输送水平距离从而节约设备占地面积。
Structure overview of large inclination belt conveyor:大倾角胶带机结构概述：
1. Wavy edge belt: it plays the role of traction and bearing materials on the belt conveyor.
波状挡边带：在带式输送机起曳引和承载物料作用。
2. Electric roller: it is a power transmission component. The conveyor belt operates by the
friction between it and the roller. The electric roller has a rubber surface, which can increase the
adhesion between the roller and the conveyor belt.
电动滚筒：是动力传动部件，输送带借其与滚筒之间的摩擦力而运行，电动滚筒具有胶面，
胶面滚筒可以增加滚筒和输送带之间的附力。
3. Direction changing roller and belt pressing roller: used to change the running direction of the
conveyor belt. 改向滚筒、压带轮：用来改变输送带的运行方向。
4. Roller set: the roller set is used to support the conveyor belt and the materials on the belt to
make it run stably, and the parallel roller set is used to support the conveyor belt and the
materials on the belt; Buffer roller is installed at the material receiving part of the conveyor to
protect the conveyor belt and prolong the service life of the conveyor belt; The convex arc roller
set is used at the turning of the wavy edge band; The roller block is used to prevent the belt from
running off.
托辊组：托辊组用于支承输送带和带上的物料，使其稳定运行，平行托辊组用于支承输送带
和带上的物料；缓冲托辊装于输送机受料处，以保护输送带，延长输送带使用寿命；凸弧托
辊组用于波状挡边带转弯处；挡辊组用于防止胶带跑偏。
5. Screw tensioning device: its functions are as follows: (1) make the conveyor belt have
sufficient tension to ensure that there is no slip between the conveyor and the roller. (2) Limit the
sag of the conveyor belt at each support to ensure normal operation of the conveyor.
螺旋拉紧装置：它的作用有：（1）使输送带具有足够的张力，保证输送和滚筒间不打滑。
（2）限制输送带在各支承的垂度，使输送机正常运转。
6. Cleaner: its function is to clean the materials adhered to the conveyor belt.
清扫器：其作用是清扫粘附在输送带上的物料。
7. Head frame, head funnel, head shield, guide chute, intermediate frame, tail frame, outrigger,
drive frame, etc. are in the conveyor. It plays the roles of supporting, dust-proof and material
guiding respectively. The connection between each part adopts bolt connection or welding.
头架、头部漏斗、头部护罩、导料槽 ，中间架、尾架、支腿、驱动架等在输送机中
分别起支承、防尘和导料作用，各件间联接采用螺栓联接或焊接。

Installation, commissioning and adjustment:安装、试运转和调整：

（Ⅰ）Installation 安装
1. Before installation, you should be familiar with the drawings of the conveyor, and accept the
components that make up the whole machine according to the acceptance rules.
安装前应首先熟悉输送机图纸，根据验收规则验收组成整机的各部件。
2. Familiar with the relevant installation technical requirements for the implementation of the
"Code for Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering".
熟悉执行《机械设备安装工程施工及验收规范》有关安装技术要求。
3.Installation sequence: generally: draw the center line - install the frame (head frame - tail frame
- outrigger - middle frame), install the idler - install the corrugated sidewall - install the electric
drum - install the reversing roller - install Pressing pulley—installing the upper idler
group—installing the tensioning device—installing the funnel, shield, guide trough, etc.
安装顺序：一般是：划中心线—安装机架（头架-尾架-支腿-中间架），安下托辊—安装波状
挡边带—安装电动滚筒—安装改向滚筒—安装压带轮—安装上托辊组—安装拉紧装置—安装
漏斗、护罩、导料槽等。
4. Installation precautions:安装注意事项：
（1）All rollers and idlers should rotate flexibly and should not be stuck after installation;
全部滚筒、托辊安装后均应转动灵活不应有卡滞现象；
（2）The straightness of the center line of the conveyor frame should meet the requirements of
Table 2, and the straightness within any length of 25m should be guaranteed to be 5mm;
输送机机架中心线直线度应符合表 2 的规定， 并应保证在任意 25m 长度内的直线度为 5mm；
（ 3 ） The parallelism between the axis of the drum and the horizontal plane is 1/1000 of the
length of the axis of the drum;
滚筒轴线与水平面的平行度为滚筒轴线的长度的 1/1000；
（4）The verticality of the roller axis to the center line of the conveyor frame is 2/1000 of the
length of the roller axis. The symmetry of the roller center line to the center line of the conveyor
frame is 3.0mm;
滚筒轴线对输送机机架中心线的垂直度为滚筒轴线长度的 2/1000 滚筒、托辊中心线对输送
机机架中心线的对称度为 3.0mm；
（5）After the cleaner is installed, the contact length between the scraper and the conveyor belt
on the axis of the roller shall not be less than 85%;清扫器安装后，其刮板与输送带在滚筒轴线
上的接触长度不得小于 85%；
（Ⅱ）Commissioning 试运转：
1.Before being put into use, 2-hour no-load and 8-hour load test operation shall be carried out.
Before the test operation, in addition to generally checking whether the installation of the
conveyor meets the installation technical requirements, it is also necessary to check.
在正式投入使用前，应进行 2 小时空载及 8 小时负载试运转，试运转前除一般检查输送机的
安装是否符合安装技术要求外，尚需检查：
(1) Add lubricating oil into the electric drum as required; 电动滚筒内按规定加润滑油；
(2) Whether the installation direction of the backstop is consistent with the backstop direction;
逆止器的安装方向是否与逆止方向相符；
(3) Installation of sweeper, electric roller set and reversing roller set; 逆止器的安装方向是否与
逆止方向相符；
(4) Layout and wiring correctness of electrical signals and control devices; 电气信号及控制装置
的布置及接线正确性；
(5) Jog the drive roller and observe whether the rotation direction of the roller is correct; 点动传
动滚筒，观察滚筒转动方向是否正确；
2.During the test operation, the following work shall be carried out:
试运转期间应进行下列工作：
(1) Check that there is no obvious noise at all operating parts of the conveyor;检查输送机各运转
部位应无明显噪音；
(2) No abnormal temperature rise of each bearing; 各轴承无异常温升；
(3) Check the rotation and fastening of each roller and idler; 检查各滚筒、托辊的转动及紧固情
况；
(4) Cleaning effect of the cleaner; 清扫器的清扫效果；
(5)Tightness of conveyor belt; 输送带的松紧程度；
(6) All electrical equipment buttons shall be sensitive and reliable; 各电气设备按钮应灵敏可靠；
（Ⅲ）Adjustment 调整：
(1) When the conveyor belt at the head is deviated, adjust the electric roller at the head, and its
direction is as shown in the figure below. After adjustment, weld the positioning block at the
bearing seat to death;在头部输送带跑偏，调整头部电滚筒，其方向如下图，调整好后，将轴
承座处的定位块焊死；

Roller bearing seat adjustment direction

滚筒轴承座调整方向

Deviation direction 跑偏方向 0

In the tail conveyor belt deviation: adjust the tail reversing roller or screw tensioning device, after
the direction is adjusted as shown in the figure below, weld the positioning block at the bearing
seat; 在尾部输送带跑偏：调整尾部改向滚筒或螺旋拉紧装置，其方向如下图调整好后，将
轴承座处的定位块焊死；
Roller bearing seat adjustment direction
滚筒轴承座调整方向 Deviation direction 跑偏方向

（3）Belt misalignment in the middle 在中部输送带跑偏:

Adjust the upper idler (to the upper branch) and the lower idler (to the lower branch), and the
adjustment direction is as shown in the figure below. When adjusting one set of idlers is still not
enough to correct, several groups can be adjusted continuously, but the skewness of each group
should not be is too big;
调整上托辊（对上分支）及下托辊(对下分支)，其调整方向如下图当调整一组托辊仍不足以
纠正时，可连续调整几组，但每组的偏斜度不宜过大；
Adjustment direction

调整方向 0

Deviation direction Deviation direction

跑偏方向 V 跑偏方向
V

Upper branch 上分支 Lower branch 下分支 调整方向

（4）The surface of the roller is bonded to the material, which makes the roller into a conical
surface, which will cause the tape to deviate to one side, causing the tape to deviate. Therefore,
the cleaner and manual cleaning must be checked frequently; 滚筒表面粘结物料，使滚筒成了
圆锥面，会使胶带向一侧偏离，造成胶带跑偏，因此必须经常检查清扫器和人工打扫；
（5）The tape deviates as soon as the load is applied. This situation is generally due to the fact
that the cutting point of the material is not in the middle of the tape, and the position of the
cutting point should be adjusted; 胶带一经加上负载就跑偏，这种情况一般是由于物料的下料
点不在胶带中间，应调整下料点位置；
（6）The difference between the heights on both sides of the frame makes the tape not level,
and the tape moves to the lower side during operation, which leads to deviation. At this time, the
frame must be re-welded or the idler set must be flattened with spacers;机架两侧高低不一使胶
带不水平，运行时胶带向低的一边移动导致跑偏，此时必须将机架重焊或将托辊组加垫片垫
平；
（ 7 ） When the tape is unloaded, the empty car deviates, and it can be corrected by adding
materials. This phenomenon is generally caused by too much initial tension, and it can be
adjusted appropriately; 胶带无载时发生空车跑偏，而加上物料就能得到纠正，这种现象一般
都是初张力太大造成的，进行适当调整即可；
（8）Adjust the pre-tension of the conveyor belt so that when the conveyor belt starts and runs
with full load, there is no slippage between the conveyor belt and the electric drum; 调整输送带
的预拉力，使输送带在满载启动及运行时，输送带与电滚筒间不产生打滑；

Notes 注意：
1.If you find that the belt conveyor has a large abnormal noise or a large vibration phenomenon
during use, please stop it in time for maintenance; 如在使用过程中发现皮带机有较大的异响
噪音或大幅度的振动现象，请及时停机进行检修；
2.During the operation of the belt conveyor, if the operation is illegal, there will be potential
danger of mechanical injury such as pinching hands. Please strictly abide by the operating
instructions of the belt conveyor; 皮带机在运行过程中，如果违规操作会有潜在的夹手等机械
伤人危险，请严格遵守皮带机的使用操作说明；
3.Before use, the specified 70# or 90# extreme pressure gear oil must be filled into the reducer of
the belt conveyor (refer to the instruction manual of the reducer for the filling amount), and
lithium-based lubricating grease should be added to the gear or bearing (add an appropriate
amount of oil). ); 使用前，须向皮带机减速机内加注规定的 70#或 90#极压齿轮油（加注量详
见减速机说明书），齿轮或轴承处加注锂基润滑油脂（加注适量）；
4.It is necessary to reduce the blanking height as much as possible and reduce the impact of the
material on the conveyor belt, so as not to damage the conveyor belt; 须尽量降低落料高度和
减少物料对输送带的的冲击，以免砸坏输送带；
5.The factors causing deviation must be excluded in time; 须及时排除引起跑偏因素；
6.Adhere to the maintenance system and use and maintenance records, do a good job of
handover work, and avoid man-machine accidents; 坚持维修制度和使用维护记录，作好交接
班工作，避免人机事故发生；
7.No-load start or stop, strictly abide by the operating procedures and sequence; 空载启动或停
车，严守操作规程顺序；
4.3.2 Air Closer 闭风器
The air closer is composed of a rotor blade 73 with several blades, a casing 79, a seal 82, a
reducer and a motor 81, a bearing 76, and the like. The air closer is generally installed at the
lower part of the material. In order to ensure the tightness of the connection and no air leakage,
the upper part should always keep (store) the material at a certain height. 闭风器是由带有数片
叶片的转子叶片 73、壳体 79、密封件 82、减速器和电动机 81、轴承 76 等组成。闭风器一
般都安装在物料的下部，为保证连接处的严密不漏风，上部应经常保持（储存）一定高度的
物料。
As a commonly used transmission machinery, the air closer has a very complex device structure,
but it is more convenient to operate and has its own unique machine characteristics, which is
suitable for powder materials and granular materials. Widely used in environmental protection,
metallurgy, chemical industry, grain, food and other industrial fields. 闭风器做为一种常用的传
动机械，有着十分复杂的装置结构，但是操作比较方便，有自己独特的机器特点，适用于粉
状物料和颗料状物料。广泛用于环保、冶金、化工、粮食、食品等工业领域。
The air closer is used for the drying inlet 52, the drying outlet 64, the carbonization inlet 1, and
the carbonization outlet 89. It mainly plays a role in sealing the environment in the dryer and the
operating furnace of the carbonization machine. It plays the role of adjusting the drying capacity
and carbonization capacity, making the equipment more applicable. 闭风器用于烘干进料口 52、
烘干出料口 64、炭化进料口 1、炭化出料口 89，主要起对烘干机和炭化机运行炉内环境的
密封作用，同时也能起到调节烘干处理量和炭化处理量的作用，使设备适用性更强。

Notes 注意：
1.Before using the air closer, check the amount of gear oil in the reducer, and fill it according to
the oil dipstick. After running for one month, replace the new oil, and then change the oil every
six months; 闭风器使用前，检查减速机内齿轮油的数量，并根据油尺进行加注，运行一个
月后更换新油，以后每半年换油一次；
2.Connect the material interface, and check whether the interface is blocked by foreign objects at
the same time. To ensure that the interface is clean and unobstructed, if the air closer suddenly
becomes blocked, it must be stopped immediately and cleared to avoid damage to the motor; 连
接物料接口，同时检查该接口是否被异物堵塞，要保证接口干净畅通，若闭风器突然出现堵
卡，则需立刻停止并清堵，避免电机的损坏；
3.Before using the air closer, be sure to check the rotation direction of the rotor (from the input
end of the reducer, the blades need to rotate clockwise along the material port); 闭风器使用前，
一定要检查转子的旋转方向（从减速机输入端看，叶片沿物料口需顺时针方向转动）；
4.Before using the air-closer, the specified 70# or 90# extreme pressure gear oil must be filled
into the reducer (refer to the instruction manual of the reducer for the filling amount), and the
bearing should be filled with high-temperature lithium-based lubricating grease (filling
appropriate amount); 闭风器使用前，须向减速机内加注规定的 70#或 90#极压齿轮油（加注
量详见减速机说明书），轴承处加注耐高温锂基润滑油脂（加注适量）；
5.If a large amount of hot smoke or combustible gas is found during the use of the air-closer, it
means that there is no material in the air-closer hopper or there is very little material, and it
should be operated according to (5. Control and operation instructions) or Shut down to avoid a
large amount of black smoke or combustible gas accumulating in the workshop, polluting the
working environment or causing potential safety hazards; 闭风器在使用过程中，若发现有大量
热烟或者可燃气冒出，此时说明闭风器料斗内无料或者物料很少，应按照（五、控制与操作
说明）进行操作或者停机，避免车间内积存大量黑烟或可燃气，污染工作环境或引发安全隐
患；
4.3.3 Dryer 烘干机
The dryer is designed in a downstream flow (the direction of movement of the material in the
dryer is the same as the direction of the flue gas), the material enters the dryer drum 55 through
the upper air closure through the feed port 52, and is driven by the centrifugal force of the drying
drive 66. Under the action, it touches the dispersing shaft blade 57 and the dispersing shaft
assembly 56, and under the action of the dispersing shaft drive 62, it quickly travels into a storm
shape and advances forward with a vortex, and has a dispersing effect on the agglomerated
material, and the material in the drum is dissipated. In full contact with hot air, the material is
efficiently dried. The dried materials are transported to the belt conveyor with a large inclination
angle through the small air closer and then sent to the carbonization machine for carbonization
production. 烘干机顺流式(物料在烘干机内运动方向与烟气方向一致)设计，物料经过上闭风
器通过进料口 52 进入烘干机滚筒 55 内，在烘干驱动 66 的驱动离心力作用下，接触到打散
轴叶片 57 和打散轴组件 56，在打散轴驱动 62 作用下，快速行成风暴状并涡流向前推进，
且对结块物料具有打散功效，滚筒内物料与热风充分接触，物料被高效的烘干。被烘干的物
料通过小闭风器输送到大倾角皮带机再送至炭化机进行炭化生产。
The hot smoke of the carbonization host passes through the hot smoke outlet 9, and enters the
dryer drum 55 from the feed head 53 through the induced draft fan and its hot smoke pipe. The
air outlet 61 is sucked by the induced draft fan and sent to the dust removal bin 100 of the
cyclone dust collector to complete the process of drying the material with the hot smoke. 炭化
主机热烟经过热烟出口 9，通过引风机及其热烟管道从进料封头 53 处进入到烘干
机滚筒 55 内，与物料充分接触并烘干物料后，与蒸发的水蒸气一起由出气口 61 被引风机抽
吸送至旋风除尘器除尘仓 100，完成热烟烘干物料过程。

Installation, commissioning and adjustment:安装、试运转和调整：

（Ⅰ）Installation 安装
1. Before installation, you should be familiar with the process and drawings, and accept the
components that make up the whole machine according to the acceptance rules.
安装前应首先熟悉工艺和图纸，根据验收规则验收组成整机的各部件。
2. Familiar with the implementation of "HGT 20275-2017 Chemical Equipment Engineering
Construction and Acceptance Specifications" and "Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering
Construction and Acceptance Specifications" related installation technical requirements.
熟悉执行《HGT 20275-2017 化工设备工程施工及验收规范》和《机械设备安装工程施工及
验收规范》有关安装技术要求。
3. Installation sequence: generally, the basic acceptance and treatment of the dryer, the
appearance inspection and acceptance of the equipment - the positioning of the head and tail
supporting wheels, alignment, and finding the spacing size - the placement of the supporting ring
of the dryer cylinder - the installation of large and small gears - reducer, motor Positioning, initial
alignment—secondary fine alignment of equipment—leveling of inlet and outlet ports and
installation of accessories—equipment trial operation
安装顺序：一般是烘干机基础验收及处理、设备外观检查及验收—头尾托轮就位、找正、找
间距尺寸—烘干机筒体托圈安放—大小齿轮安装—减速机、电机就位、初找正—设备二次精
找正—进出料口找平及附件安装—设备试运转
（Ⅱ）Preparation for the installation and construction of the dryer 烘干机安装施工准备
The hoisting of equipment is an important process of construction. The following two conditions
should be met when hoisting equipment, that is, the arrival of the equipment and the completion
of the equipment foundation and acceptance.
设备的吊装是施工的一个重要过程，设备吊装时应具备如下两个条件，即设备到货和设备基
础完成并验收合格。
2.1 Basic inspection and acceptance 基础检查及验收
2.1.1 The location, geometric dimensions and quality requirements of the equipment foundation
shall comply with the current national standard "Code for Construction and Acceptance of
Reinforced Concrete Engineering".
设备基础的位置、几何尺寸和质量要求，应符合现行国家标准《钢筋混凝土工程施工及验收
规范》的规定，基础施工单位应提交测量记录及其它施工技术资料，验收符合以下标准：

Item 项目 Allowable deviation

允许偏差（mm）
Coordinate position (vertical and horizontal axis) ±20
坐标位置（纵横轴线）
Elevations of different planes 不同平面的标高 -20
Plane dimensions 平面外形尺寸 ±20
Dimensions on the top plane of the boss 凸台上平面外形 -20
尺寸 +20
Pocket size 凹穴尺寸
levelness of the plane Per meter 每米 5
平面的水平度 Length 全长 10
Pre-embedded anchor Elevation (top) 标高（顶端） +20
bolts 预埋地脚螺栓 Center distance (measured at ±2
root and top)
中心距（在根部和顶部测量）
Pre-embedded anchor Center distance 中心位置 ±10
bolt holes Depth 深度 +20
预埋地脚螺栓孔 Hole wall sag per meter 10
孔壁铅垂度每米
Pre-embedded movable Elevation 标高 20
anchor bolt anchor Center distance 中心位置 ±5
plate 预埋活动地脚螺 Level 水平度 5
栓锚板

2.1.2 Before the equipment is installed, the base position and geometric dimensions shall be
re-inspected according to the regulations.
设备安装前应按规定对基础位置和几何尺寸进行复验。
2.1.3 Oil stains, gravel, soil, accumulated water, etc. on the equipment foundation surface and in
the reserved holes of the anchor bolts should be removed. The threads and nuts of the
pre-embedded anchor bolts should be well protected, and the surface of the place where the
horns are placed should be leveled.
设备基础表面和地脚螺栓预留孔中的油污、碎石、泥土、积水等均要清除干挣，预埋地脚螺
栓的螺纹和螺母应保护完好，放置垫铁部位的表面应凿平。
2.2 Equipment unpacking inspection and material acceptance 设备开箱检查及材料验收
2.2.1 The unpacking of the equipment should be checked according to the following items with
the participation of the relevant personnel of the construction unit, and records should be made.
设备开箱应在建设单位有关人员参加下，按下列项目进行检查，并作出记录。
（1）Box number, number of boxes and packaging; 箱号、箱数以及包装情况;
（2）The name, model and specifications of the equipment;设备的名称、型号和规格;
（3）Whether the equipment has defective parts, whether the surface is damaged and rusted,
etc.; 设备有无缺损件，表面有无损坏和锈蚀等;
（4）Check the overall dimensions of the equipment and the main installation dimensions of
other parts, and should be consistent with the design. 核对设备的外形尺寸和其它部位的主要
安装尺寸，并应与设计相符。
2.2.2 The equipment, its spare parts and special tools should be kept properly and must not be
deformed, damaged, corroded, confused or lost. 设备及其零部件和专用工具，应妥善保管，
不得使其变形、损坏、锈蚀、错乱或丢失。
2.2.3 Auxiliary structural materials, finished products, semi-finished products and supporting
parts of the equipment must have the quality certificate of the manufacturer, and their quality
should comply with the design documents and the current national standards. 设备附属结构材
料、成品、半成品及支承件必须具有制造厂的质量证明书，其质量应符合设计文件及国家现
行标准的规定。
（III）Main construction methods and construction techniques 主要施工方法和施工技术
3.1 Tube Inspection 筒体验收
（1）Before the cylinder is assembled on site, the geometric dimensions and manufacturing
quality of the cylinder shall be inspected according to the requirements of the drawings. If the
inspection fails, it shall be submitted to the construction unit or manufacturer for handling
opinions. 筒体在现场组装前应按图纸要求对筒体几何尺寸和制造质量进行检查，对检查不
合格者，应提交建设单位或制造厂家，做出处理意见。
（2）The out-of-roundness at the same section of the cylinder should be less than or equal to 1%
Dg and not greater than 25mm (Dg is the inner diameter of the cylinder).筒体同一断面处的不圆
度应小于等于 1%Dg，且不大于 25mm (Dg 是筒体内径)。
（3）The allowable deviation of the outer circumference at the end face of the cylinder is ±15mm.
筒体端面处的外圆周长允许偏差±15mm。
（4）The roughness deviation of the end face at the section of the cylinder should be no more
than 1‰Dg and no more than 2mm. 筒体分段处端面不平度偏差应不大于 1‰Dg，且不大于
2mm。
（5）The measurement of out-of-roundness shall be measured at 4 places on the surface of the
cylinder plate through the centerline. The non-straightness inspection of the cylinder is measured
by pulling 0.5mm thin steel wire along the four parts of the circle at 0°C, 90°C, 180°C and 270°C,
and the distance between the measurement position and the longitudinal seam is not less than
100mm. When the thickness of the cylinder is different, the thickness difference should be
subtracted from the calculation of non-straightness.不圆度的测量应测筒体板的表面通过中心
线测量 4 处。筒体不直度检查是沿圆 0℃、90℃、180℃、270℃四个部位拉 0.5mm 细钢丝
进行测量，测量的位置离纵缝的距离不小于 100mm。当筒体厚度不同时，计算不直度应减
去厚度差。
（6）The groove size should meet the requirements of the drawing, and there should be no
cracks, delamination and other defects on the groove surface.坡口尺寸应符合图样要求，坡口面
上不得有裂纹，分层等缺陷。
3.2 Dryer installation 烘干机安装
After the cylinder body group is qualified, use the jack to lift the cylinder body, install the front
and rear supporting rollers on the foundation, drop the cylinder body as a whole on the front and
rear supporting rollers, and assemble the pinion. After the pinion is installed, assemble the
reducer and motor. 筒体组对合格后用千斤顶顶起筒体，将前后托轮安装至基础上，将筒体
整体落至设各前后托轮上，拼装小齿轮，小齿轮安装完毕后，组装减速器、电机。
3.2.1 Hot iron installation technical requirements 热铁安装技术要求
（1）There should be at least one set of pads next to each anchor bolt. 每个地脚螺栓旁边至少
应有一组垫铁。
（2）The pad iron group should be placed near the anchor bolts and below the main
stress-bearing parts of the base. 垫铁组应放在靠近地脚螺栓和底座主要受力部位下方。
（3）The distance between two adjacent pad iron groups is not more than 500mm.相邻两垫铁
组间的距离不大于 500mm。
（4）Pairs of inclined horns should be used for the load-bearing horn group, and the horns should
be welded firmly after leveling.承受负荷的垫铁组，应使用成对斜垫铁，调平后将垫铁焊牢。
（5）Each horn group should reduce the number of horns, and should not exceed 4, and use as
few thin horns as possible. When placing flat pads, the thick pads should be placed below, the
thin pads should be placed in the middle, and each pad should be welded with tack welding. 每
一垫铁组宜减少垫铁的块数，且不得超过 4 块，并尽量少用薄垫铁。放置平垫铁时，厚的应
放在下面，薄的放在中间，并将各垫铁相互用定位焊焊牢。
（6）Each pad iron group should be placed neatly and steadily, with good contact. After the
equipment is leveled, each group of pads should be pressed tightly, and a hand hammer should
be tapped to check the sound one by one.每一垫铁组应放置整齐平稳，接触良好。设备调平
后，每组垫铁均应压紧，并应用手锤逐组轻击听音检查。
（7）After the equipment is leveled, the end surface of the horn should be exposed to the outer
edge of the bottom surface of the equipment, the flat horn should be exposed by 10-30mm, the
inclined horn should be exposed by 10-50mm, and the length of the horn group extending into
the bottom of the equipment should exceed the center of the equipment anchor bolt.
设备调平后，垫铁端面应露出设备底面外缘，平垫铁露出 10-30mm，斜垫铁宜露出 10-50mm，
垫铁组伸入设备底面的长度应超过设备地脚螺栓的中心。
（8）The grouting between the reserved anchor bolt holes or the equipment base and the
foundation shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for
Construction and Acceptance of Reinforced Concrete Engineering". 预留地脚螺栓孔或设备底
座.与基础之间的灌浆，应符合现行国家标准《钢筋混凝土工程施工及验收规范》的规定。
3.2.2 Dryer alignment method and technical requirements 烘干机找正方法及技术要求
1、Equipment cylinder inclination alignment 设备筒体倾斜度找正
（1）According to the requirements of the equipment cylinder inclination, calculate the center
elevation of the front and rear cylinder supporting rollers, and adjust the inclination of the
supporting rollers by using flat and inclined pads, incline gauges, and frame level. 根据设备筒体
倾斜度要求，计算出前后筒体托轮的中心标高，使用平、斜垫铁及斜度规、框式水平仪，调
整托轮倾斜度。
（2）The center line of the supporting roller should be installed obliquely parallel to the center
line of the cylinder, and the parallelism tolerance is 0.1mm/m.托轮中心线应平行于筒体中心线
倾斜安装，平行度公差为 0.1mm/m。
（3）The center heights of the same set of supporting rollers are equal, and the tolerance does
not exceed 0.1mm.同一组托轮的中心高相等，允差不超过 0.1mm。
2、Installation and adjustment of large ring gear 大齿圈安装及调整
（1）After the cylinder is in place, the large gear can be assembled. After assembling the large
gear, turn the cylinder to check that the circular runout of the end face should not be greater
than 5mm, and the radial circular runout should be less than 3mm.筒体就位完毕后，即可拼装
大齿轮。拼装大齿轮后，盘动筒体，检查端面圆跳动不得大于 5mm，径向圆跳动小得大于
3mm。
（2）Install pinion, reducer, motor. Adjust the size of the gear meshing clearance. The center
distance deviation and meshing clearance of the two meshing gears shall meet the requirements
of the machine technical documents. 安装小齿轮、减速机、电机。调整大小齿轮啮合间隙。
两啮合齿轮的中心距偏差及啮合间隙应符合机器技术文件要求。
（3）The meshing clearance is checked by pressing the lead method. The diameter of the lead bar
should not exceed 3 times the gap, and the length of the lead bar should not be less than 5
pitches. For gears with larger tooth widths, at least 2 lead bars should be placed evenly along the
direction of the tooth width. strip. 啮合间隙检查用压铅法检查，铅条直径不宜超过间隙的 3
倍，铅条的长度不应小于 5 个齿距，对于齿宽较大的齿轮，沿齿宽方向应均匀放置至少 2
根铅条。
（4）Use the coloring method to check the contact spots of the transmission gear meshing, and
the spot inspection shall comply with the relevant provisions of the design documents or
specifications. 用着色法检查传动齿轮啮合的接触斑点，斑点检查应符合设计文件或规范的
有关规定。
3.2.3、Reducer and motor installation 减速机、电机安装
（1）After the gear adjustment is completed, adjust the levelness of the reducer and motor in
turn to meet the requirements of the technical documents. The coaxiality tolerance of the
low-speed shaft of the reducer and the pinion shall comply with the technical documents. 齿轮
调整完毕，依次调整减速机、电机的水平度符合技术文件要求。减速机低速轴与小齿轮同轴
度公差应符合技术文件的规定。
（2）The installation of the reducer should be based on the large gear, and the parallelism
between the central position of the main shaft of the reducer and the central position of the
main shaft should meet the requirements of the relevant technical documents.减速器安装应以
大齿轮为基准，减速机主轴中心位置与主轴中心位置的平行度应符合有关技术文件的规定。
（3）The electric motor and the reducer are leveled with horns, and the displacement of the
center line and the vertical and horizontal level deviations shall comply with the drawings or
specifications. After aligning, tap with a hammer to check the tightness of the pad iron group,
and there should be no looseness. Use a 0.5mm feeler gauge to check the gap between the pads
and between the pads and the bottom surface of the base. After the inspection is qualified, the
interlayer spot welding should be carried out on both sides of the pad iron group by electric
welding at any time. 电动机、减速器采用垫铁找平，其中心线位移，纵、横向水平度偏差应
符合图纸或规范规定。找正后用手锤敲击检查垫铁组的松紧程度，应无松动现象。用 0.5mm
的塞尺检查垫铁之间及垫铁与底座底面之间的间隙。检查合格后应随时用电焊在垫铁组两侧
进行层间点焊固定。
（IV）Equipment test run 设备试运转
4.1 Test drive procedure 试车程序
Preparations before test run—motor unit test run—reducer unit test run—dryer unit test
run—load test run 试车前的准备—电动机单体试车—减速器单体试车—烘干机单体试车—负
荷试车
4.2 Commissioning technical requirements 试车技术要求
4. 2. 1 The single-unit test run of the driver should be carried out in accordance with the
requirements of the relevant technical documents. 驱动机单机试运转应按有关技术文件要求
进行。
（1）Before the machine is started, the air should be released or the sewage should be
discharged, and the crank should be checked. It should rotate flexibly and there is no abnormal
phenomenon.机器启动前，应放气或排污完毕，盘车检查，应转动灵活，无异常现象。
（2）During the trial operation, it should be checked that there is no abnormal noise and sound,
and the temperature rise and vibration value of each bearing should meet the requirements of
the technical documents. 试运转过程中应检查无异常噪音、声响，各部轴承温升振动值应符
合技术文件要求。
（3）During the test run, it is also necessary to check whether the fastening parts of the machine
are loose. 试运转时，还应检查机器各紧固部位有无松动现象。
（4）The commissioning time of the equipment shall meet the requirements of the technical
documents. After the test drive is completed, the test drive record should be filled in in time.
设备试运转时间应符合技术文件要求。试车完毕，应及时填写试车记录。
（V）Safety measures 安全措施
5.1 A cordon should be set up during hoisting, and idlers are prohibited from entering the
hoisting area. 吊装时应设置警戒线，闲杂人等禁止进入吊装区域。
5.2 Before hoisting, the position of the hanging wire rope and the relative position of the tug
should be marked on the cylinder.
吊装前应在筒体上标出挂钢丝绳位置及和拖轮的相对位置标记。
5.3 Before hoisting, the sealing rope should be tied at both ends of the cylinder, and the
horizontal and horizontal swing should be mastered. 吊装前应在筒体两端系封绳，掌握平横摆
动。
5.4 When hoisting, there should be a special person to command, and the crane driver and other
relevant personnel cooperate closely to ensure the safety and accuracy of the cylinder.
吊装时应有专人进行指挥，吊车司机和其他相关人员密切配合保证筒体的安全准确就位。

Notices 注意：
1.If it is found that there is a large abnormal noise or a large vibration phenomenon in the drying
drive or dispersing shaft and the drive during use, please stop the machine in time for
maintenance; 如在使用过程中发现烘干驱动或打散轴及驱动有较大的异响噪音或大幅度的
振动现象，请及时停机进行检修；
2. During the operation of the dryer, if you operate illegally, there will be a potential risk of
mechanical injury such as pinching your hands. Please strictly abide by the safe operation of the
dryer; 烘干机在运行过程中，如果违规操作会有潜在的夹手等机械伤人危险，请严格遵守烘
干机的安全操作事项；
3. Before use, the specified 70# or 90# extreme pressure gear oil must be filled into the reducer
(refer to the manual of the reducer for the filling amount), and high-temperature lithium-based
lubricating grease should be filled on the gears or bearings (add an appropriate amount);
使用前，须向减速机内加注规定的 70#或 90#极压齿轮油（加注量详见减速机说明书），齿
轮或轴承处加注高温锂基润滑油脂（加注适量）；
4. During the operation of the dryer, the temperature of the drum, head, pipes, etc. is high,
please do not touch it, otherwise it will cause a risk of burns; 烘干机在运行过程中，滚筒、封
头、管道等处温度较高，请勿触碰，否则会引起烫伤危险；
5. The normal startup, normal shutdown, emergency shutdown, and power failure shutdown of
the dryer must be operated in strict accordance with (V. Control and Operation Instructions),
otherwise equipment damage or danger may occur; 烘干机的正常启动、正常停机、紧急停机、
停电停机等必须严格按照（五、控制与操作说明）进行操作，否则会出现设备损坏或危险；
6. During the operation of the dryer, if the temperature in the drying drum exceeds 550°C,
attention should be paid to the material at the discharge port. If there is coking or carbonization,
the frequency of the induced draft fan behind the dryer should be properly adjusted to make the
hot smoke high-speed as quickly as possible. leave the dryer or take an emergency shutdown;
烘干机运行中，如果烘干滚筒内温度超过 550℃，则需注意出料口处的物料，若有焦化或者
炭化现象，则需适当调节烘干机后的引风机频率使热烟高速尽快离开烘干机或采取紧急停机
操作；
7. During the operation of the dryer, if there is a lot of hot smoke coming out from the seal heads
at both ends, do not touch the cover directly at this time, it should be stopped and cooled to
room temperature before adjusting the sealing pressure ring or replacing the seal; 烘干机运行
过程中，若发现两端封头处有大量热烟冒出，此时切勿直接去触碰遮挡，应停机并冷却至室
温后再进行调紧密封压圈或更换密封；
8. Before each startup, if there is too much material accumulated in the drum at the feed head,
the discharge port at the bottom of the feed head must be opened to discharge the excess
accumulated material, and the machine can be started only after the original seal is installed.
Excessive torque will occur when starting the dispersing shaft assembly, which may cause
damage to the motor or electrical components; 每次开机前，进料封头处若有过多物料堆积在
滚筒内，须打开进料封头底部的卸料口，排出过多的堆积物料，按原来的密封安装好后方可
启动，否则启动打散轴组件时会扭矩过大，可能会造成电机或电气元件的损坏；
9. Pay attention to the rotation direction of the dryer dispersing shaft assembly, which should be
in accordance with the on-site debugging direction of the installation engineer; 注意烘干机打散
轴组件的旋转方向，应按照安装工程师现场调试方向为准；
4.3.4 Carbonization host 炭化主机
The carbonization host is the core component of the entire carbonization equipment. It is
provided with a feed port 1 and a discharge head 13. The material enters from the feed head, and
after secondary drying, enters the gradually cooling zone, the gradually warming zone, the high
temperature zone, and the gradually cooling zone. The hot zone and the gradually cooling zone
are carbonized and pyrolyzed, and the relevant components are precipitated and then converted
into carbon, which is discharged from the closed discharge device into the cooling and conveying
device, and the material completes the carbonization reaction in this equipment.
炭化主机是整个炭化设备的核心部件，设置有进料口 1、出料封头 13，物料由进料封头进入，
经过二次烘干，进入渐冷区，渐温区，高温区，渐热区，渐冷区炭化热解，析出相关成分后
转化为炭，由密闭式出料装置排入冷却输送装置，物料在此设备完成炭化反应。
The inner and outer double-layer cylinders of the carbonization host have a double-return
heating structure, the outer layer is deeply heated, and the inner layer is heated by waste heat
and has a pre-drying function; the outer heating area adopts 310S stainless steel cylinder +
thermodynamic layout of heat conduction ribs, which makes the main furnace heat conduction
efficiency high. , Uniform heating, small deformation of the cylinder, high refractory temperature;
炭化主机内外双层筒体双回程加热结构，外层深度加热，内层余热加热并具有预烘干作用；
外层加热区域采用 310S 不锈钢筒体+热力学布局导热筋板，使主炉导热效率高、受热均匀、
筒体变形小、耐火温度高；
The carbonized seal adopts a multi-level and multi-point sealing structure, which has good
sealing effect and high safety in use. The sealing cloth adopts an elastic tightening structure,
which can automatically compensate for the sealing wear gap. It is easy to operate and use. The
exterior adopts the structure of graphite block + sealing cloth + fish scales Sealed, high sealing
level and reliable. 炭化密封采用多层次、多据点密封结构，密封效果好，使用安全性高，密
封布采用弹性扎紧结构，能够自动补偿密封磨损间隙，操作使用方便，外部采用石墨块+密
封布+鱼鳞片构造密封，密封等级高且可靠。
The drive mechanism of the main furnace and the combustible gas induced draft device adopt
frequency conversion technology, which can adjust the appropriate speed according to the user's
material characteristics, ambient temperature, heating temperature, processing capacity, etc.,
and has a wide range of applications. 主炉的驱动机构和可燃气引风装置均采用变频技术，可
根据用户的物料特性、环境温度、加热温度、处理量等，调整适合的转速，适用范围广。
Continued from 4.3.3 Dryer part, the material to be dried is sent to the carbonization feed air
closer through the large inclination belt conveyor (the carbonization equipment needs preheating
treatment, the preheating temperature is about 180 ℃, and the time is about 0.7- about 1 hour),
enter the inner drum 4 in the feeding head 12 through the material feeding port 1, and run
forward along the deflector under the action of the deflector of the inner drum. This stage is the
gradual temperature zone, and the operation In preparation for drying and carbonization, the tail
end of the inner drum 4 falls into the outer drum 5. Under the action of the guide plate of the
outer drum, it runs in the reverse direction along the guide plate, and passes through the main
furnace cellar 20 and the auxiliary furnace cellar 16. This stage is a high temperature area. The
carbonization reaction speed is the fastest and the carbonization process is basically completed.
The carbonized material Continue to run and send it to the feed head 12, and enter the
water-cooled slag discharge feed port 89 through the lower discharge port. The feed handling
capacity can be changed by adjusting the frequency of the carbonized feed high inclination belt
conveyor and the carbonized feed air closer (the frequency of the drive assembly 19 needs to be
changed at the same time), but the maximum capacity does not exceed the rated capacity of the
equipment. (Note: The change of materials will affect the change of the processing volume. The
processing volume and materials will be subject to the time when the contract is signed. If you
need to replace the materials, you must contact the professionals of our company, otherwise
there may be equipment damage or equipment safety problems.) 续 4.3.3 烘干机部分，被烘干
物料通过大倾角皮带机被送至炭化进料闭风器内（炭化设备需要预热处理，预热温度约为
180℃左右，时间约为 0.7-1 小时左右），通过物料进料口 1 进入进料封头 12 里的内滚筒 4
内，在内滚筒的导流板作用下沿着导流板向前运行，此阶段为渐温区，运行中被烘干并逐渐
发生炭化做准备，在内滚筒 4 的尾端掉入外滚筒 5 内。在外滚筒的导流板作用下沿着导流板
反向运行，并经过主炉窖 20 和副炉窖 16，此阶段为高温区，炭化反应速度最快且基本完成
炭化过程，被炭化的物料继续运行送至进料封头 12 处，通过下部出料口进入水冷出渣进料
口 89 内。通过调节炭化进料大倾角皮带机和炭化进料闭风器的频率（同时需要改变驱动总
成 19 的频率）来改变进料处理量，但最大不超过设备的额定处理量。（注：物料的改变会
影响处理量的变化，处理量和物料会按照合同签署时为准，若需更换物料，必须与我公司专
业人员对接，否则可能会出现设备损坏或设备安全问题）
The combustible gas generated in the carbonization process is sucked by the combustible
induced draft fan, and the combustible gas is introduced to the feed head 12 in the inner drum 4
and the outer drum 5, and enters the combustible cyclone dust collector through the oil and gas
outlet 2. When the pressure in the inner drum 4 and the outer drum 5 is too high or too low (the
normal value is ±10mm water column), it is necessary to adjust the frequency of the combustible
induced draft fan to complete the pressure drop or boost to ensure the pressure inside the
U-shaped pressure gauge. The range stabilizes at a value within the normal range (jumps and falls
must be avoided). 炭化过程产生的可燃气经可燃气引风机抽吸作用，可燃气在内滚筒 4 和外
滚筒 5 内被引至进料封头 12 处，通过油气出口 2 进入可燃气旋风除尘器内。内滚筒 4 和外
滚筒 5 内的压力过高或者过低时（正常值为±10mm 水柱），须通过调节可燃气引风机调的
频率来完成降压或升压，保证 U 型压力表内压力范围稳定在正常值范围内的一个值处（须
避免忽高忽低的变化）。
In the carbonization process, if the temperature in the furnace is too high, it will affect the
service life and safety of the equipment. If the temperature is too low, it will affect the quality
and output of carbon. It is recommended that the normal temperature in the furnace is
300-450℃. If the temperature is too low, you need to adjust the amount of exhaust. 炭化过程
炉内温度过高会影响设备使用寿命及使用安全性，温度过低会影响炭的质量和产量，推荐正
常炉内温度为 300-450℃，如果炉内温度过高需调大排烧量，如果温度过低需调小排烧量。
The speed of the carbonization drum is about 7-11r/min by adjusting the frequency of the drive
assembly 19. The drive assembly 19 drives the gear seat 18 through the chain, the gear seat 18 is
linked with the pinion 25, and the pinion 25 drives the large ring gear and the outer drum 5.
Rotation, the rotation process is supported by the driving roller 26 and the driven roller 28,
positioned by the positioning roller at the head, and the sliding roller at the tail slides to
eliminate thermal deformation.通过调节驱动总成 19 的频率来实现炭化滚筒约 7-11r/min 的转
速，驱动总成 19 通过链条驱动齿轮座 18，齿轮座 18 联动小齿轮 25，小齿轮 25 驱动大齿
圈及外滚筒 5 转动，转动过程由主动托轮 26 和从动托轮 28 进行支撑，由封头处定位托辊定
位，尾处滑行托辊滑行消除热变形。
Installation, commissioning and adjustment 安装、试运转和调整：
（I）Installation 安装
1.Before installation, you should be familiar with the process and drawings, and accept the
components that make up the whole machine according to the acceptance rules.安装前应首先
熟悉工艺和图纸，根据验收规则验收组成整机的各部件。
2.Familiar with the implementation of "HGT 20275-2017 Chemical Equipment Engineering
Construction and Acceptance Specifications" and "Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering
Construction and Acceptance Specifications" related installation technical requirements. 熟悉执
行《HGT 20275-2017 化工设备工程施工及验收规范》和《机械设备安装工程施工及验收规
范》有关安装技术要求。
3 .Installation sequence: generally the basic acceptance and treatment of the carbonization
machine, the appearance inspection and acceptance of the equipment - the positioning of the
head and tail supporting wheels, alignment, and finding the spacing size - the placement of the
carbonization machine cylinder support ring - the installation of large and small gears - the
reducer and the motor in place , Initial alignment - secondary fine alignment of equipment -
leveling installation of in and out heads - overall circular runout inspection of equipment - overall
air tightness inspection of equipment - equipment trial operation 安装顺序：一般是炭化机基础
验收及处理、设备外观检查及验收—头尾托轮就位、找正、找间距尺寸—炭化机筒体托圈安
放—大小齿轮安装—减速机、电机就位、初找正—设备二次精找正—进出封头找平安装—设
备整体圆跳动检验—设备整体气密性检验—设备试运转
（II）Preparation for installation and construction of carbonization machine
炭化机安装施工准备
The hoisting of equipment is an important process of construction. The following two conditions
should be met when hoisting equipment, that is, the arrival of the equipment and the completion
of the equipment foundation and acceptance. 设备的吊装是施工的一个重要过程，设备吊装
时应具备如下两个条件，即设备到货和设备基础完成并验收合格。
2.1 Basic inspection and acceptance 基础检查及验收
2.1.1 The location, geometric dimensions and quality requirements of the equipment foundation
shall comply with the current national standard "Code for Construction and Acceptance of
Reinforced Concrete Engineering", and the foundation construction unit shall submit
measurement records and other construction technical data. 设备基础的位置、几何尺寸和质
量要求，应符合现行国家标准《钢筋混凝土工程施工及验收规范》的规定，基础施工单位应
提交测量记录及其它施工技术资料。
2.1.2 Before the equipment is installed, the base position and geometric dimensions shall be
re-inspected according to the regulations. 设备安装前应按规定对基础位置和几何尺寸进行复
验。
2.1.3 Oil stains, gravel, soil, standing water, etc. on the equipment foundation surface and in the
reserved holes of the anchor bolts should be removed. The threads and nuts of the
pre-embedded anchor bolts should be well protected, and the surface of the place where the
horns are placed should be leveled. . 设备基础表面和地脚螺栓预留孔中的油污、碎石、泥土、
积水等均要清除干挣，预埋地脚螺栓的螺纹和螺母应保护完好，放置垫铁部位的表面应凿平。
2.2 Equipment unpacking inspection and material acceptance 设备开箱检查及材料验收
2.2.1 The unpacking of the equipment should be checked according to the following items with
the participation of the relevant personnel of the construction unit, and records should be made.
设备开箱应在建设单位有关人员参加下，按下列项目进行检查，并作出记录。
（1）Box number, number of boxes and packaging;箱号、箱数以及包装情况;
（2）The name, model and specifications of the equipment;设备的名称、型号和规格;
（3）Whether the equipment has defective parts, whether the surface is damaged and rusted,
etc.; 设备有无缺损件，表面有无损坏和锈蚀等;
（4）Check the overall dimensions of the equipment and the main installation dimensions of
other parts, and should be consistent with the design. 核对设备的外形尺寸和其它部位的主要
安装尺寸，并应与设计相符。
2.2.2 The equipment, its spare parts and special tools should be kept properly and must not be
deformed, damaged, corroded, confused or lost. 设备及其零部件和专用工具，应妥善保管，
不得使其变形、损坏、锈蚀、错乱或丢失。
2.2.3 Auxiliary structural materials, finished products, semi-finished products and supporting
parts of the equipment must have the quality certificate of the manufacturer, and their quality
should comply with the design documents and the current national standards. 设备附属结构
材料、成品、半成品及支承件必须具有制造厂的质量证明书，其质量应符合设计文件及国家
现行标准的规定。
（III）Main construction methods and construction techniques 主要施工方法和施工技术
3.1 Tube inspection 筒体验收
（1）Before the cylinder is assembled on site, the geometric dimensions and manufacturing
quality of the cylinder shall be inspected as required. If the inspection fails, it shall be submitted
to the construction unit or manufacturer for handling advice. 筒体在现场组装前应按要求对筒
体几何尺寸和制造质量进行检查，对检查不合格者，应提交建设单位或制造厂家，做出处理
意见。
（2）The center line of the roller should be installed parallel to the center line of the cylinder, and
the parallelism error should be controlled within 0.2mm/m. 托轮中心线应平行于筒体中心线
安装，平行度误差控制在 0.2mm/m。
（3）The out-of-roundness at the same section of the cylinder should be less than or equal to
0.5% Dg and not greater than 15mm (Dg is the inner diameter of the cylinder).筒体同一断面处
的不圆度应小于等于 0.5%Dg，且不大于 15mm (Dg 是筒体内径)。
（4）The allowable deviation of the outer circumference at the end face of the cylinder is ±10mm.
筒体端面处的外圆周长允许偏差±10mm。
（5）The roughness deviation of the end face at the section of the cylinder should be no more
than 1‰Dg and no more than 2mm. 筒体分段处端面不平度偏差应不大于 1‰Dg，且不大于
2mm。
（6）The measurement of out-of-roundness shall be measured at 4 places on the surface of the
cylinder plate through the centerline. The non-straightness inspection of the cylinder is measured
by pulling 0.5mm thin steel wire along the four parts of the circle at 0°C, 90°C, 180°C and 270°C,
and the distance between the measurement position and the longitudinal seam is not less than
100mm. When the thickness of the cylinder is different, the thickness difference should be
subtracted from the calculation of non-straightness. The non-straightness difference within the
adjacent 3m is not more than 15mm. 不圆度的测量应测筒体板的表面通过中心线测量 4 处。
筒体不直度检查是沿圆 0℃、90℃、180℃、270℃四个部位拉 0.5mm 细钢丝进行测量，测
量的位置离纵缝的距离不小于 100mm。当筒体厚度不同时，计算不直度应减去厚度差。相
邻 3m 内不直度差值不大于 15mm。
（7）The groove size should meet the requirements of the drawing, and there should be no
cracks, delamination and other defects on the groove surface. 坡口尺寸应符合图样要求，坡口
面上不得有裂纹，分层等缺陷。
（8）Roller ring runout installation measurement: Adsorb the magnetic force meter base of the
dial indicator on the side of the inspection box or the ring body, the detection head touches the
roller ring, rotate the roller for at least one week, and measure the difference between the
maximum and minimum value of the roller ring runout The value is the circular runout error of
the roller ring installation, as shown in the figure below. The error of the installation circular
runout is not more than 0.5%Dy+0.1‰mm (Dy is the diameter of the roller ring). 滚筒辊圈圆跳
动安装测量：将百分表磁力表座吸附在检验方箱或环体侧面，检测头触及滚筒辊圈，转动滚
筒至少一周，测得辊圈圆跳动最大值与最小值的差值为滚筒辊圈安装的圆跳动误差，如下图
所示。安装圆跳动的误差不大于 0.5%Dy+0.1‰mm（Dy 是辊圈直径）。

（9）Installation and measurement of the circular runout of the graphite ring seal of the drum:
Adsorb the magnetic force meter base of the dial indicator on the side of the inspection box or
the ring body, the detection head touches the drum roller, rotate the drum for at least one week,
and measure the maximum and minimum value of the circular runout of the roller. The
difference is the circular runout error of the drum graphite ring installation, as shown in the
figure below. The error of the installation circular runout is not more than 0.25%Dz+0.1‰mm (Dz
is the diameter of the graphite ring). 滚筒石墨环密封圆跳动安装测量：将百分表磁力表座吸
附在检验方箱或环体侧面，检测头触及滚筒辊圈，转动滚筒至少一周，测得辊圈圆跳动最大
值与最小值的差值为滚筒石墨环安装的圆跳动误差，如下图所示。安装圆跳动的误差不大于
0.25%Dz+0.1‰mm（Dz 是石墨环直径）。

（10）The overall tightness of the equipment is tested. After the installation is completed, the
combustible gas outlet and the carbon black outlet are sealed. According to the relevant
regulations of 9.7 in NB/T47003.1-2009, the air pressure method is carried out, and the air
pressure is 0.05MPa. 设备整体密封性检测，安装完成后，对可燃气出口和炭黑出口进行密封，
按照 NB/T47003.1-2009 中 9.7 的相关规定进行气压法检测，检测气压 0.05MPa。
3.2Installation of carbonization machine 炭化机安装
After the cylinder body group is qualified, use the jack to lift the cylinder body, install the front
and rear supporting rollers on the foundation, drop the cylinder body as a whole on the front and
rear supporting rollers, and assemble the pinion. After the pinion is installed, assemble the
reducer and motor. 筒体组对合格后用千斤顶顶起筒体，将前后托轮安装至基础上，将筒体
整体落至设各前后托轮上，拼装小齿轮，小齿轮安装完毕后，组装减速器、电机。
3.2.1 Hot iron installation technical requirements 热铁安装技术要求
（1）There should be at least one set of pads next to each anchor bolt. 每个地脚螺栓旁边至少
应有一组垫铁。
（2）The pad iron group should be placed near the anchor bolts and below the main
stress-bearing parts of the base. 垫铁组应放在靠近地脚螺栓和底座主要受力部位下方。
（3）The distance between two adjacent pad iron groups is not more than 500mm.相邻两垫铁
组间的距离不大于 500mm。
（4）Pairs of inclined horns should be used for the load-bearing horn group, and the horns should
be welded firmly after leveling. 承受负荷的垫铁组，应使用成对斜垫铁，调平后将垫铁焊牢。
（5）Each horn group should reduce the number of horns, and should not exceed 4, and use as
few thin horns as possible. When placing flat pads, the thick pads should be placed below, the
thin pads should be placed in the middle, and each pad should be welded with tack welding.
每一垫铁组宜减少垫铁的块数，且不得超过 4 块，并尽量少用薄垫铁。放置平垫铁时，厚的
应放在下面，薄的放在中间，并将各垫铁相互用定位焊焊牢。
（6）Each pad iron group should be placed neatly and steadily, with good contact. After the
equipment is leveled, each group of pads should be pressed tightly, and a hand hammer should
be tapped to check the sound one by one. 每一垫铁组应放置整齐平稳，接触良好。设备调平
后，每组垫铁均应压紧，并应用手锤逐组轻击听音检查。
（7）After the equipment is leveled, the end surface of the horn should be exposed to the outer
edge of the bottom surface of the equipment, the flat horn should be exposed by 10-30mm, the
inclined horn should be exposed by 10-50mm, and the length of the horn group extending into
the bottom of the equipment should exceed the center of the equipment anchor bolt.
设备调平后，垫铁端面应露出设备底面外缘，平垫铁露出 10-30mm，斜垫铁宜露出 10-50mm，
垫铁组伸入设备底面的长度应超过设备地脚螺栓的中心。
（8）The grouting between the reserved anchor bolt holes or the equipment base and the
foundation shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for
Construction and Acceptance of Reinforced Concrete Engineering". 预留地脚螺栓孔或设备底
座.与基础之间的灌浆，应符合现行国家标准《钢筋混凝土工程施工及验收规范》的规定。
3.2.2 Alignment method and technical requirements of carbonization machine 炭化机找正方法
及技术要求
1、Equipment cylinder inclination alignment 设备筒体倾斜度找正
（1）According to the requirements of the equipment cylinder inclination, calculate the center
elevation of the front and rear cylinder supporting rollers, and adjust the inclination of the
supporting rollers by using flat and inclined pads, incline gauges, and frame level. 根据设备筒体
倾斜度要求，计算出前后筒体托轮的中心标高，使用平、斜垫铁及斜度规、框式水平仪，调
整托轮倾斜度。
（2）The center line of the supporting roller should be installed obliquely parallel to the center
line of the cylinder, and the parallelism tolerance is 0.2mm/m.托轮中心线应平行于筒体中心线
倾斜安装，平行度公差为 0.2mm/m。
（3）The center heights of the same set of supporting rollers are equal, and the tolerance does
not exceed 0.1mm.同一组托轮的中心高相等，允差不超过 0.1mm。
2、Installation and adjustment of large ring gear 大齿圈安装及调整
（1）After the cylinder is in place, the large gear can be assembled. After assembling the large
gear, turn the cylinder to check that the circular runout of the end face should not be greater
than 5mm, and the radial circular runout should be less than 3mm.筒体就位完毕后，即可拼装
大齿轮。拼装大齿轮后，盘动筒体，检查端面圆跳动不得大于 5mm，径向圆跳动小得大于
3mm。
（2）Install pinion, reducer, motor. Adjust the size of the gear meshing clearance. The center
distance deviation and meshing clearance of the two meshing gears shall meet the requirements
of the machine technical documents. 安装小齿轮、减速机、电机。调整大小齿轮啮合间隙。
两啮合齿轮的中心距偏差及啮合间隙应符合机器技术文件要求。
（3）The meshing clearance is checked by pressing the lead method. The diameter of the lead bar
should not exceed 3 times the gap, and the length of the lead bar should not be less than 5
pitches. For gears with larger tooth widths, at least 2 lead bars should be placed evenly along the
direction of the tooth width. strip. 啮合间隙检查用压铅法检查，铅条直径不宜超过间隙的 3
倍，铅条的长度不应小于 5 个齿距，对于齿宽较大的齿轮，沿齿宽方向应均匀放置至少 2
根铅条。
（4）Use the coloring method to check the contact spots of the transmission gear meshing, and
the spot inspection shall comply with the relevant provisions of the design documents or
specifications. 用着色法检查传动齿轮啮合的接触斑点，斑点检查应符合设计文件或规范的
有关规定。
3.2.3、Reducer and motor installation 减速机、电机安装
（1）After the gear adjustment is completed, adjust the levelness of the reducer and motor in
turn to meet the requirements of the technical documents. The coaxiality tolerance of the
low-speed shaft of the reducer and the pinion shall comply with the technical documents.
齿轮调整完毕，依次调整减速机、电机的水平度符合技术文件要求。减速机低速轴与小齿轮
同轴度公差应符合技术文件的规定。
（2）The installation of the reducer should be based on the large gear, and the parallelism
between the central position of the main shaft of the reducer and the central position of the
main shaft should meet the requirements of the relevant technical documents. 减速器安装应以
大齿轮为基准，减速机主轴中心位置与主轴中心位置的平行度应符合有关技术文件的规定。
（3）The electric motor and the reducer are leveled with horns, and the displacement of the
center line and the vertical and horizontal level deviations shall comply with the drawings or
specifications. After aligning, tap with a hammer to check the tightness of the pad iron group,
and there should be no looseness. Use a 0.5mm feeler gauge to check the gap between the pads
and between the pads and the bottom surface of the base. After the inspection is qualified, the
interlayer spot welding should be carried out on both sides of the pad iron group by electric
welding at any time. 电动机、减速器采用垫铁找平，其中心线位移，纵、横向水平度偏差应
符合图纸或规范规定。找正后用手锤敲击检查垫铁组的松紧程度，应无松动现象。用 0.5mm
的塞尺检查垫铁之间及垫铁与底座底面之间的间隙。检查合格后应随时用电焊在垫铁组两侧
进行层间点焊固定。
（V）Equipment test run 设备试运转
4.1 Test drive procedure 试车程序
Preparations before commissioning—motor unit test—reducer unit test—carbonization machine
unit test—load test 试车前的准备—电动机单体试车—减速器单体试车—炭化机单体试车—
负荷试车（注：根据现场物料试车情况，由安装工程师编排要求）
4.2 Commissioning technical requirements 试车技术要求
4. 2. 1 The single-unit test run of the driver should be carried out in accordance with the
requirements of the relevant technical documents. 驱动机单机试运转应按有关技术文件要求
进行。
（1）Before the machine is started, the air should be released or the sewage should be
discharged, and the crank should be checked. It should rotate flexibly and there is no abnormal
phenomenon. 机器启动前，应放气或排污完毕，盘车检查，应转动灵活，无异常现象。
（2）During the trial operation, it should be checked that there is no abnormal noise and sound,
and the temperature rise and vibration value of each bearing should meet the requirements of
the technical documents. 试运转过程中应检查无异常噪音、声响，各部轴承温升振动值应符
合技术文件要求。
（3）During the test run, it is also necessary to check whether the fastening parts of the machine
are loose. 试运转时，还应检查机器各紧固部位有无松动现象。
（4）The commissioning time of the equipment shall meet the requirements of the technical
documents. After the test drive is completed, the test drive record should be filled in in time.
设备试运转时间应符合技术文件要求。试车完毕，应及时填写试车记录。
（VI）Safety measures 安全措施
5.1 A cordon should be set up during hoisting, and idlers are prohibited from entering the
hoisting area. 吊装时应设置警戒线，闲杂人等禁止进入吊装区域。
5.2 Before hoisting, the position of the hanging wire rope and the relative position of the tug
should be marked on the cylinder. 吊装前应在筒体上标出挂钢丝绳位置及和拖轮的相对位置
标记。
5.3 Before hoisting, the sealing rope should be tied at both ends of the cylinder, and the
horizontal and horizontal swing should be mastered. 吊装前应在筒体两端系封绳，掌握平横摆
动。
5.4 When hoisting, there should be a special person to command, and the crane driver and other
relevant personnel cooperate closely to ensure the safety and accuracy of the cylinder. 吊装时应
有专人进行指挥，吊车司机和其他相关人员密切配合保证筒体的安全准确就位。

Notices 注意：
1.If it is found that the carbonization drive has a large abnormal noise or a large vibration
phenomenon during use, please stop it in time for maintenance; 如在使用过程中发现炭化驱
动有较大的异响噪音或大幅度的振动现象，请及时停机进行检修；
2. During the operation of the carbonization machine, if the operation is illegal, there will be
potential danger of mechanical injury such as pinching hands. Please strictly abide by the safe
operation of the dryer; 炭化机在运行过程中，如果违规操作会有潜在的夹手等机械伤人危险，
请严格遵守烘干机的安全操作事项；
3. Before use, the specified 70# or 90# extreme pressure gear oil must be filled into the reducer
(refer to the manual of the reducer for the filling amount), and high-temperature lithium-based
lubricating grease should be filled on the gears or bearings (add an appropriate amount); 使用前，
须向减速机内加注规定的 70#或 90#极压齿轮油（加注量详见减速机说明书），齿轮或轴承
处加注高温锂基润滑油脂（加注适量）；
4.During the operation of the carbonization machine, the temperature of the drum, head,
pipeline, etc. is high, please do not touch it, otherwise it will cause a scalding danger; 炭化机在
运行过程中，滚筒、封头、管道等处温度较高，请勿触碰，否则会引起烫伤危险；
5.The normal startup, normal shutdown, emergency shutdown, and power failure shutdown of
the carbonization machine must be operated in strict accordance with (V. Control and Operation
Instructions), otherwise equipment damage or danger will occur; 炭化机的正常启动、正常停机、
紧急停机、停电停机等必须严格按照（五、控制与操作说明）进行操作，否则会出现设备损
坏或危险；
6. It is recommended that the normal temperature in the furnace is 300-450℃. If the
temperature is too high or too low, the carbonization quality, output and safety will be affected.
Please take measures strictly in accordance with the requirements in this manual; 推荐正常炉内
温度为 300-450℃，温度过高过低都会影响炭化质量、产量和安全性，请严格按照本说明书
中的要求采取措施；
7. Ensure that the pressure range in the U-shaped pressure gauge is stable at a value within the
normal value (±10mm water column) (the change of high and low must be avoided). If the
pressure is too large, the gas induced draft fan should be adjusted in time and the exhaust fan
should be turned on or enlarged. Burn the line to reduce the pressure to avoid high pressure in
the furnace and cause danger; 保证 U 型压力表内压力范围稳定在正常值（±10mm 水柱）范
围内的一个值处（须避免忽高忽低的变化），压力过大需及时调节可燃气引风机并打开或调
大排烧线路来降压，避免炉内压力过高，造成危险；
8.During the operation of the carbonization machine, if it is found that there is flammable smoke
coming out of the head or seal, do not directly touch the cover at this time, and emergency
shutdown and control measures should be taken; 炭化机运行过程中，若发现封头或密封处有
可燃气烟冒出，此时切勿直接去触碰遮挡，应紧急停机并采取控制措施；
9 .During the operation of the carbonization machine, if it is found that there is flammable smoke
coming out of the head or seal, do not directly touch the cover at this time, and emergency
shutdown and control measures should be taken; 每次开机前，要对炭化机所有的仪表仪阀、
密封、轴承、可燃气出口、防爆装置、螺栓连接等处检查，若发现损坏处，必须修复或更换
后方可开机；
10. Pay attention to the rotation direction of the carbonization machine, which should be in
accordance with the on-site debugging direction of the installation engineer; 注意炭化机的旋转
方向，应按照安装工程师现场调试方向为准；
4.3.5 Combustible induced draft fan 可燃气引风机
The combustible induced draft fan used in this equipment is a high-pressure centrifugal fan, and
its control is equipped with a frequency conversion function, which can adapt to the adjustment
of the air volume during the operation. 本设备采用的可燃气引风机为高压型离心通风机，其
控制均设有变频功能，可适应操作过程中的风量调节。

This fan is mainly composed of impeller, casing, air inlet, bracket, transmission group, etc.; 此风
机主要由叶轮、机壳、进风口、支架、传动组等组成；

Impeller: The fan blades are 12 or 16. All are forward curved leaves. The maximum peripheral

speed of the outer edge of the impeller diffuser does not exceed 140m/s. After the impeller is

formed, it is corrected by static and dynamic balance, so it runs smoothly. 叶轮：风机叶片为 12

片或 16 片。均属前向弯曲叶型。叶轮扩压器外缘最高圆周速度不超过 140m/s。叶轮成型后

经静、动平衡校正，故运转平稳。

Chassis: It is welded into a volute-shaped whole with ordinary steel plates. 机壳：用普通钢板焊

接成蜗壳型整体。

Air inlet: made into a convergent streamlined overall structure, fixed on the front cover plate

group with bolts. 进风口：做成收敛式流线型的整体结构，用螺栓固定在前盖板组上。

Transmission group: composed of main shaft, bearing box, coupling, etc. The main shaft is made

of high-quality steel, the overall structure of the bearing box adopts rolling bearings and is

lubricated with bearing grease. 传动组：由主轴、轴承箱、联轴器等组成。主轴由优质钢制

成，轴承箱整体结构，采用滚动轴承，用轴承润滑脂润滑。

Installation and use of the ventilator: 通风机的安装和使用：

Before installation: All parts of the fan should be checked comprehensively, whether the parts are

complete, whether the rotation direction of the impeller and the casing are consistent, and

whether the connection of each part is tight. Whether the impeller, main shaft, bearing and

other main parts are damaged, whether the transmission group is flexible, etc. 安装前：应对风

机各部件进行全面检查，机件是否完整，叶轮与机壳的旋转方向是否一致，各部联接是否紧

密。叶轮、主轴、轴承等主要机件有无损伤，传动组是否灵活等。

When installing: pay attention to check the casing, and there should be no tools and debris left in

the casing. In order to prevent rust and reduce the difficulty of disassembly on some joint

surfaces, a layer of grease or mechanical oil should be applied. When connecting the fan and the

foundation, the inlet and outlet ducts should be adjusted to match naturally, and the connection

should not be forced, and the weight of the duct should not be added to the various parts of the

fan. And pay attention to ensure the horizontal position of the fan. 安装时：注意检查机壳，壳

内不应有掉入、遗留的工具和杂物。在一些结合面上为了防止生锈、减少拆卸困难，应涂上

一层润滑脂或机械油。风机与地基结合面，进出风管道联接时应调整使之自然吻合，不得强

行联接，更不许将管道重量加在风机各部件上。并注意保证风机的水平位置。

Installation requirements 安装要求：

1 ． Install according to the position and size shown in the drawing. In order to ensure high

efficiency, the axial and radial clearance between the air inlet and the impeller must be ensured;

按图纸所示的位置与尺寸安装，为确保高效率特别要保证进风口与叶轮的轴向和径向间隙尺

寸；

2 ． After installation, try to pull out the transmission group to check whether it is too tight or

collides with the fixed part; 安装后试拔传动组，检查是否有过紧或与固定部分碰撞现象；

3．After all installations are completed and the general inspection is qualified, the test operation

of the fan can be carried out; 全部安装完毕，总检合格后，才能进行风机的试运转；

In order to prevent the motor from being overloaded and burned, when the fan starts, it must be

carried out under no load (close the air inlet valve and open the outlet valve slightly). If the

condition is good, gradually open the valve until the specified working condition. During

operation, the current should be strictly controlled and the rated value should not be exceeded.

为了防止电机过载烧毁，在风机启动时，必须在无载荷（将进风阀门关闭，出阀门稍开）的

情况下进行，如情况良好，逐步开启阀门直到规定的工况为止。在运转过程中应严格控制电

流，不得超过额定值。

Operation of the fan 风机的操作：

（1）Before the fan is started, the clearance size of each part of the fan should be checked, and

whether there is any collision or friction between the rotating part and the fixed part. 风机启动

前，应检查风机各部的间隙尺寸，转动部分与固定部分有无碰撞及磨擦现象。

（ 2 ） After the fan starts and reaches the normal speed, it is necessary to check whether the

bearing temperature is normal during the operation. When there is no special requirement for

the bearing temperature, the bearing temperature rise shall not exceed 40°C of the ambient

temperature; the root mean square vibration speed of the bearing part The value must not be

greater than 6.3mm/s. If it is found that the fan has violent vibration, impact, and the bearing

temperature rises rapidly, it must be stopped in an emergency. 风机启动后，达到正常转速时，

应在运转过程中，经常检查轴承温度是否正常，当轴承温度没有特殊要求时，轴承温升不得

超过周围环境温度的 40℃；轴承部位的均方根振动速度值不得大于 6.3mm/s。如发现风机

有剧烈的振动、撞击，轴承温升迅速上升等现象时，则必须紧急停车。

Notices 注意：
1. The fan bearing adopts water cooling method, and the cooling water temperature should not
be higher than the ambient temperature 15 ℃; 风机轴承处采用水冷冷却方式，冷却水温度不
得高于环境温度 15℃；
2. The combustible gas fan transports combustible gas, pay attention not to accumulate
flammable substances or fire sources around the fan; 可燃气风机运送的是可燃气体，注意风机
周围不能堆积易燃物或火源；
3.The combustible gas fan transports combustible gas, which requires high sealing performance
for the fan itself. Before starting each time, check whether the fan is damaged or not tightly
sealed. 可燃气风机运送的是可燃气体，对风机自身要求有很高的密封性，每次开机前注意
检查风机是否破损或密封不严实，若有损坏要及时处理后方可开机；
4.3.6 Exhaust induced draft fan 尾气引风机
The exhaust induced draft fan is a boiler centrifugal fan, which is mainly designed for industrial
boilers that use various fuel substances and are equipped with smoke and dust removal devices.
尾气引风机是锅炉离心风机，主要是为燃用各种燃质并配有消烟除尘装置的工业锅炉配套设
计的。
The fan is composed of impeller, air inlet, air outlet, regulating door, transmission group and
other parts: 本风机由叶轮、进风口、出风口、调节门、传动组等部分组成：
Impeller: There are 12 backward inclined flat blades, which are welded between the arc cone
wheel cover and the flat wheel disc. After static and dynamic balance correction, the operation is
stable and the strength is high. 叶轮：有后倾平板叶片 12 片，焊接于弧锥形轮盖与平板形轮
盘中间，经静、动平衡校正，运行平稳，强度高。
Chassis: welded with steel plate into a volute-shaped whole. There is also a ash cleaning door on
the worm plate, which is convenient to remove the ash accumulated on the blades and in the
casing, and ensures the balance and aerodynamic performance of the impeller. 机壳：用钢板焊
接成蜗壳形整体。在蜗板上还开有清灰门，便于清除堆积在叶片上和机壳内的积灰，保证叶
轮的平衡性和气动性能。
Air inlet: made into a convergent streamlined overall structure, fixed on the inlet side of the
casing with bolts. 进风口：做成收敛式流线型整体结构，用螺栓固定于机壳入口一侧。
Adjusting door: It is axially installed in front of the air inlet, and adopts an external transmission
structure, which is flexible and convenient. 调节门：轴向安装于进风口前，采用外部传动结构，
灵活方便。
Transmission group: composed of main shaft, bearing box, pulley, etc. 传动组：由主轴、轴承箱、
皮带轮等组成。
Installation and use 安装与使用
1.Before installation: All parts of the fan should be thoroughly inspected. For example, whether
the parts are complete, whether the rotation directions of the impeller and the casing are
consistent, whether the connection of each component is tight, whether the impeller, main shaft,
bearing, and other major parts are damaged, whether the transmission group is flexible, etc. 安
装前：应对风机的各部件进行全面检查。如机件是否完整，叶轮与机壳的旋转方向是否一致，
各部件连接是否紧固，叶轮、主轴、轴承、等主要机件有无损伤，传动组是否灵活等。
2.When installing: Pay attention to check the casing, whether there are tools or debris that have
fallen or been left in the casing. On some joint surfaces, in order to prevent rust and reduce the
difficulty of disassembly, some grease or mechanical oil should be applied. The joint surface of
the fan and the support seat, and the connecting surface of the inlet and outlet air pipes should
be carefully adjusted to make them fit naturally. Do not force the connection, let alone add the
weight of the pipes to each part of the fan, and pay attention to ensure the horizontal position of
the fan. 安装时：注意检查机壳，机壳内是否有掉入或遗留的工具或杂物。在一些结合面上，
为了防止生锈，减少拆卸困难，应涂一些润滑脂或机械油。风机与支撑座结合面，进出风管
道连接面均应仔细调整，使之自然吻合，不得强行连接，更不许将管道重量加在风机各部件
上，并注意保证风机的水平位置。
Installation requirements 安装要求：
1.Install according to the marked position and size. In order to ensure high efficiency, the axial
and radial clearance dimensions between the air inlet and the impeller must be ensured. 按照所
标位置与尺寸安装。为了确保高效率，特别要保证进风口与叶轮的轴向和径向间隙尺寸。
2.The main shaft V-belt pulley and the motor pulley must not be misaligned relative to the belt
groove, and the installation cover must be installed reliably to avoid mechanical injury. 主轴三角
带轮与电机带轮相对带槽不得错位，安装罩必须可靠安装，避免机械伤人。
3.Install the adjusting door, be careful not to install it in reverse, and ensure that the direction of
the air intake is consistent with the direction of rotation of the impeller. 安装调节门，注意不要
装反，要保证进气方向与叶轮旋转方向一致。
4.After installation, try dialing the transmission group to check whether there are any abnormal
phenomena such as over-tightening or scratching or collision of the fixed parts.安装后，试拨传动
组，检查是否有过紧或固定部位刮蹭或碰撞等反常现象。
Test run 试运行：
After all installations are completed, the test run can only be carried out after the general
inspection is passed. In order to prevent the motor from being overloaded and burnt, the fan
must be started and run under no load. If the situation is normal, then gradually open the
adjustment door to do the full load and continuous operation test. The newly installed fan should
be tested for no less than half an hour. If there is no abnormal phenomenon, it can be officially
used. During operation, the current should be strictly controlled so as not to exceed the standard.
全部安装完毕后，在总检合格后才能进行试运行，为了防止电机过载烧毁，在风机启动和试
运转时，必须在无载荷的情况下进行。如情况正常，然后再逐步打开调节门做满载荷和连续
运转试验，新安装的风机其试运行的时间不少于半个小时，如无异常现象发生，方可正式使
用。在运转过程中应严格控制电流不得超标。
Operation 操作：
1.Check the interval size of each part of the fan, and whether there is scratches or collisions
between the rotating part and the fixed part. 检查风机各部件的间隔尺寸，转动部分与固定部
分有无刮蹭或碰撞现象。
2.Check that the oil level in the bearing housing is between the minimum and maximum oil levels.
检查轴承箱的油位是否在最低或最高油位间。
3.Check whether the electrical wiring and instruments are correct. 检查电气线路及仪表是否正
确。
4.Check whether the cooling part is normal.检查冷却部分是否正常。
5. Point the car to observe whether there is any abnormal phenomenon, if there is no abnormal
phenomenon, lengthen the point car time until the normal speed. After reaching the normal
speed, gradually increase the regulating door until the specified load is reached. 点车观察有无
异常现象，如无异常现象，点车时间拉长直至正常转速。达到正常转速后，逐渐调大调节门，
直到规定负荷为止。
6. If it is found that the fan has abnormal phenomena such as violent vibration, impact, and the
temperature of the bearing rises rapidly, it is necessary to stop it urgently and check the cause.
如发现风机有剧烈振动、撞击、轴承温度迅速升高等反常现象，需紧急停车，检查原因。
7. Before the machine is installed and used, it is necessary to check whether the water circulation
of the water-cooled seat is normal, whether the bearing grease at both ends is full, and whether
the oil-water dual-use bearing seat is filled with oil.机安装使用前需检查水冷座水循环是否正
常，两端轴承黄油是否加满、油水双用的轴承座中间是否加油。
4.3.7 Cyclone 旋风除尘
Cyclone dust collector is a type of dust removal device. The mechanism is to make the dust-laden
gas (combustible gas or hot smoke) enter the dust-removing bin 100 through the air inlet 99 and
make a rotating motion, separate the dust particles from the airflow and capture them on the
wall of the dust-removing bin by means of centrifugal force, and then use the action of gravity.
The dust particles fall into the slag hopper, and the dedusted gas enters the next link through the
gas outlet 98 . After the work is stopped, the slag and dust are removed from the dust collector
through the dust discharge port 101 . 旋风除尘器是除尘装置的一种。机理是使含尘气体（可
燃气或热烟）通过进气口 99 进入除尘仓 100 内并做旋转运动，借助离心力将尘粒从气流中
分离并捕捉于除尘仓的器壁，再借助重力作用使尘粒落入渣斗，被除尘后的气体通过出气口
98 进入下一环节。停止工作后，通过放尘口 101 把渣尘从除尘器里清理出去。
Use action 使用操作：
1. Preparations before the cyclone dust collector starts 旋风除尘器启动前的准备工作：
a.Check whether the connection parts are firmly connected. 检查各连接部件是否连接牢固。
b.Check the air tightness of cyclone dust collector and flue, dust collector and slag hopper, slag
hopper and slag discharge device, slag conveying device, etc., and eliminate air leakage and ash
leakage. 检查旋风除尘器与烟道，除尘器与渣斗，渣斗与排渣装置、输渣装置等处的气密性，
消除漏气、漏灰现象。
c.After the fan is started and there is no abnormality, the damper should be gradually opened, so
that the dust collector can pass the specified amount of dusty gas. 启动通风机、无异常现象后
逐渐开大调风门，以便除尘器通过规定数量的含尘气体。
2.Requirements for the operation of the cyclone dust collector 旋风除尘器运行时的要求：
a.Pay attention to changes in vulnerable parts such as the inner wall of the outer cylinder 注意易
损部位如外筒内壁的变化。
b.Pay attention to the adhesion, clogging and corrosion of dust when the temperature or
humidity of the dusty gas change. 含尘气体温度变化或湿度变化时注意粉尘的附着、堵塞和
腐蚀现象。
c. Pay attention to the change of pressure difference and the color of the exhausted smoke,
because wear or corrosion will cause the dust collector to perforate and cause dust to be
discharged, which will reduce the dust removal efficiency, deteriorate the color of the exhaust,
and change the pressure difference. 注意压差变化和排除烟颜色状况，因为磨损或腐蚀会使
除尘器穿孔导致粉尘排出，使除尘效率下降、排气颜色恶化、压差发生变化。
d.Pay attention to the air tightness of each part of the cyclone dust collector, and check the
changes in the gas flow rate and dust concentration of the cyclone. 注意旋风除尘器各部件的
气密性，检查旋风筒气体流量和集尘浓度的变化。
3.Requirements after the cyclone dust collector works: 旋风除尘器工作后的要求：
a.In order to prevent the adhesion and corrosion of dust, let the dust collector continue to run for
a period of time after the end of the work, and stop working until the dust collector is completely
replaced by clean air.为防止粉尘的附着和腐蚀，工作结束后让除尘器继续运行一段时间，直
到除尘器内完全被清洁空气置换后方可停止工作。
b.Eliminate the dust attached to the inner cylinder, outer cylinder and blades, and remove the
dust in the slag hopper. 消除内筒、外筒和叶片上附着的粉尘，清除渣斗内的粉尘。
c.Repair perforations caused by wear or corrosion as necessary. 必要时修补磨损或腐蚀引起的
穿孔。
d.Check the air tightness of each part and replace the sealing element if necessary.检查各部件的
气密性，必要时更换密封元件。
4.3.8 Condensing system 冷凝系统
The condensing system is mainly composed of a plate condensing heat exchanger and a tube
condensing heat exchanger. The circulating condensed water is used as a medium to take away
the heat of the material to be cooled. 冷凝系统主要由板式冷凝换热器和列管冷凝换热器组
成，通过循环的冷凝水作为媒介，带走需冷却物质的热量。
Continued from 4.3.7 Cyclone dust removal, the combustible gas comes out from the air outlet
98 and then enters the plate condenser 109 from the air inlet 107, and then enters the
combustible gas induced draft fan from the air outlet 112, and the gas is discharged from the
combustible induced draft fan to the condensed intake air in the tube. port 113, then enter the
tube condenser 116, and then discharge from the gas outlet 121. After several tube condensation
cycles, the condensed combustible gas enters the combustion system, and tar and wood vinegar
will be precipitated during the condensation process of the combustible gas. and stored at the
bottom of the condensing pool. 续 4.3.7 旋风除尘，可燃气从出气口 98 出来后从进气口 107
进入板式冷凝器 109 内，再从出气口 112 进入可燃气引风机，从可燃气引风机出气到列管冷
凝进气口 113，然后进入列管冷凝器 116 里，再从出气口 121 排出，经过几道列管冷凝循环
后，被冷凝的可燃气进入燃烧系统，在可燃气冷凝过程中会有焦油和木醋析出并储存于冷凝
池底部。
Installation and use 安装与使用
1.Installation should be carried out under the guidance of engineers and technicians who are
familiar with the system and process. During installation, consideration should be given to
making use of the direction of the pipeline to absorb thermal expansion, and the installation
should be level and aligned without additional stress, so as to avoid adverse effects on the
equipment. The connection of the pipes should make the two processes flow in the opposite
direction to improve the heat transfer effect. 应在熟悉该系统和工艺的工程技术人员指导下
进行安装，在安装中，应考虑尽量利用管道的走向吸收热膨胀，并且安装要水平、对正，不
能产生附加应力，以免对设备造成不利影响。管道的连接应使两流程逆流，提高传热效果。
2. Before installation, the piping system should be cleaned, and no sediment, debris, etc. should
remain in it. Check whether the heat exchanger is damaged during transportation and whether
any debris falls into the pipe opening. 安装之前应清洗管道系统，不得有泥沙、杂物等存留其
中，检查换热器在运输中是否损坏，是否有杂物落入管口中。
3. After installation, the equipment and system should be subjected to a hydrostatic test.安装完
毕，设备与系统应进行水压试验。
4.After the hydrostatic test is completed, it is recommended to keep it insulated.水压试验完毕，
建议对其进行保温。
5.The circulating water should be softened or treated with chemicals (according to the
low-pressure boiler water quality standard GB1576-96). The scaling caused by improper water
treatment can be removed by chemical cleaning. 循环水要经软化处理或加药处理（按低压锅
炉水质标准 GB1576-96）,由于水处理不当造成的结垢，可用化学清洗除垢。
Operation runs 操作运行
1. When starting up, first open the medium valve on the cold side, and discharge the air, and
then open the medium valve on the hot side. 开机时，先打开冷侧介质阀门，并排出空气，再
打开热侧介质阀门，关时反之，开关阀门应慢速进行。
2.Pay attention to the pressure and temperature of the heat exchanger, the maximum
temperature is not more than 80 ℃, and the pressure is not more than 0.08Mpa. 注意换热器使
用的压力和温度，最高温度不大于 80℃，压力不大于 0.08Mpa。
3.During the shutdown, the heat exchanger should be cleaned and filled with deoxygenated
water for storage and maintenance. 停机期间，应将换热器内清洗干净并充入除氧水封存保养。
4.3.9 Combustion System 燃烧系统
The combustion system is mainly a device for heating the carbonization host to realize
carbonization. The furnace body of the combustion system is divided into a biomass or coal
furnace body and a natural gas or diesel furnace body. The structure and installation of the
furnace body are different for different fuels, and attention should be paid during installation.
燃烧系统主要是为炭化主机加热实现炭化的装置。燃烧系统炉体分为生物质或煤炭炉体和天
然气或柴油炉体，燃料不同炉体的结构和安装就不同，安装时需注意。
Combustion system consists of combustible pipeline, furnace body, combustible nozzle, burner or
biomass fuel, switch valve, exhaust combustion chamber, ignition device, etc. 燃烧系统由可燃
气管道、炉体、可燃气喷嘴、燃烧器或生物质燃料、开关阀门、排烧室、点火装置等组成。
Combustible gas is a kind of flammable and explosive gas, so safety is the first priority during use.
In order to use the combustible combustion system safely, please observe the following safety
procedures: 可燃气是一种易燃易爆的气体，所以，使用过程中安全第一。为了安全使用可
燃气燃烧系统，请遵守以下安全操作规程：
Operation and use: 操作与使用:
1. Before the furnace is ignited, check whether all the manual valves of combustible gas are fully
opened (the valve of the exhaust combustion chamber is temporarily closed), check whether all
the pipelines of the combustion system are blocked, and check whether all the gas instrument
valves are damaged. 炉子点火前检查所有可燃气手动阀门是否全部打开（排烧室阀门暂时关
闭），检查所有燃烧系统管路是否堵塞，检查所有燃气仪表仪阀是否有损坏。
2.Biomass or oil and natural gas burners are used to preheat the carbonization host. The
preheating temperature is about 180 °C and the time is about 0.8-1.5 hours. 采用生物质或石油、
天然气燃烧器对炭化主机预热处理，预热温度约为 180℃左右，时间约为 0.8-1.5 小时左右。
3.After preheating, turn on the ignition device 15 minutes before the material enters the
carbonization host, so that the ignition device is in a burning state, and the ignition device can
not be turned off until the carbonized combustible gas is in a stable state (if the ignition is
successful, the burner will work normally. If continuous If the ignition fails for 3 times (within 30S),
stop the ignition, open the exhaust combustion chamber for combustion and use the exhaust
induced draft fan for suction or the combustion-supporting fan to purge to eliminate the
combustible gas in the carbonization furnace. After 1 minute, the ignition process is performed.
After the ignition is successful, The exhaust chamber can be closed).预热结束后，物料进入炭化
主机前 15 分钟时打开点火装置，使点火装置处于燃烧状态，直到炭化可燃气产生处于稳定
状态后才能熄火点火装置（如果点火成功，烧嘴将正常工作。如果连续 3 次点火失败（30S
内），停止点火，打开排烧室燃烧并借助尾气引风机抽吸或者助燃风机吹扫，使炭化炉膛内
可燃气消除，1 分钟后再进行点火过程，点火成功后，可关闭排烧室）。
4.When combustible gas is generated, the combustible gas nozzle will be automatically ignited.
After the combustible gas is generated and stabilized, the heating of the oil and natural gas
burner will be stopped. If biomass combustion is used, when combustible gas is generated and
ignited (the ignition device should also follow the operation of step 3), it is necessary to gradually
control and gradually reduce the combustion of biomass. Before generating a large amount of
combustible gas, the furnace The internal biomass fuel is basically burnt out, and if there is too
much ash, it needs to be emptied. 有可燃气产生时，可燃气喷嘴会被自动点燃，待可燃气产
生并稳定后，停止石油、天然气燃烧器加热。如果采用的是生物质燃烧，在产生可燃气并被
点燃时（点火装置也要遵守步骤 3 的操作），要逐步的控制并使生物质的燃烧逐步变小，在
产生大量可燃气前，炉膛内生物质燃料基本燃烧殆尽，如果灰渣过多还需清空灰渣。
5.Always pay attention to observe the temperature and pressure in the carbonization furnace. If
the temperature is too high or rises too fast, it is necessary to open the exhaust burner or
increase the exhaust burner chamber for combustion. If the pressure is too high or changes
rapidly, it is necessary to adjust the frequency of the combustible induced draft fan to increase
the suction flow of the combustible gas in the furnace and open the exhaust combustion or
increase the exhaust combustion chamber combustion. 时刻注意观察炭化炉内温度和压力情
况，如果温度过高或升高过快，需要打开排烧或者调大排烧室燃烧。如果压力过高或者变化
较快，需要调整可燃气引风机的频率加大炉内可燃气的抽吸流量并开排烧或者调大排烧室燃
烧。
6.Stop the furnace after heating: Open the combustion chamber for combustion about 3 minutes
before all the materials in the furnace are carbonized and discharged, close the combustible gas
valve on the carbonization furnace, the main carbonization furnace continues to rotate for about
20 minutes, and the exhaust fan continues to suck for about 40 minutes. The gas fan continues to
pump for about 30 minutes. 加热结束停炉：直到炉内物料全部炭化排出前约 3 分钟打开排烧
室燃烧，关闭炭化炉上的可燃气阀门，炭化主炉继续转动约 20 分钟，尾气风机继续抽吸约
40 分钟，可燃气风机继续抽吸约 30 分钟。

Notices 注意：
1. Please operate and use strictly in accordance with the burner operation and maintenance
manual. 请严格按照燃烧器使用操作和维护保养手册进行操作使用。
2.Before each startup, check all the flammable gas flow pipes from the flammable gas outlet to
the flammable gas nozzle to see if they are blocked. If there is any blockage, remove them in time.
每次开机前要检查从可燃气出口到可燃气喷嘴之间的所有可燃气流程管道，是否阻塞，如有
阻塞要及时清除。
3.The temperature at the combustible gas nozzle is relatively high, and refractory material needs
to be applied during installation. If the refractory material layer is found to fall off during use,
attention should be paid to it, and the application should be carried out after the machine is
stopped to avoid burning of the nozzle. 可燃气喷嘴处温度较高，安装时需涂抹耐火材料，在
使用过程中如果发现耐火材料层脱落，则需注意，并待停机后再进行涂抹，避免喷嘴烧损。
4.Check the reliability of the instrument valve and combustible gas induced draft fan before each
startup. If they are damaged or unreliable, they must be repaired or replaced in time. 每次开机
前检查仪表仪阀及可燃气引风机的可靠性，如有损坏或者不可靠，必须及时维修或者更换。
5.Do not install too many other devices or stack other things around the installation hole of the
combustible gas nozzle to avoid insufficient ventilation due to insufficient combustion and oxygen
distribution. 可燃气喷嘴安装孔处四周不能安装过多其他装置或堆放其他东西，避免通风不
畅造成燃烧配氧不足。
6.Check the reliability of the hot smoke induced draft fan before starting the machine. If it is
damaged or unreliable, it must be repaired or replaced in time.开机前检查热烟引风机的可靠性，
如有损坏或者不可靠，必须及时维修或者更换。
7.The fuel source used by the ignition device should be far away from the carbonization main
engine, and the distance should not be less than 8m, and pay attention to the ventilation and fire
protection at the fuel source.点火装置所用燃料源要远离炭化主机，距离不小于 8m，并注意
燃料源处的通风和消防等情况。
8. The gas supply pipeline is strictly prohibited to be tapped or rubbed with a wrench or metal
rod to avoid static electricity or sparks and gas explosion. 供气管路严禁用扳手或金属棒敲击、
摩擦，避免引起静电或火花，引发燃气爆炸。
9.It is strictly forbidden to smoke, weld, cut and other illegal operations in the air supply valve
group or the flange surface of the pipeline. 严禁在供气阀组或管道法兰面等处吸烟、焊接、切
割等违章作业。
10.It is strictly forbidden to conduct any open flame test beside the pipeline, valve group and
pressure regulating valve to avoid major accidents. 严禁在管路及阀组和调压阀旁进行任何明
火测试，避免重大事故发生。
4.3.10 Dust removal system 除尘系统
The system consists of flue gas cyclone dust collector, tail gas spray tower, tail gas
desulfurization tower, tail gas destocking adsorption tower, etc. When necessary, a
horizontal condenser or a vertical condenser is also added. 本系统由烟气旋风除尘器，
尾气喷淋塔，尾气脱硫塔、尾气脱销吸附塔等组成，必要时也增设卧式冷凝器或立式冷凝器
等。
Continued from 4.3.7 Cyclone dust removal, the hot flue gas is drawn from the outlet 98 of the
cyclone dust collector to the induced draft fan by the exhaust induced draft fan, and then is
forced to enter the spray tower/desulfurization tower 129 barrel from the outlet of the induced
draft fan. In the ascending stage, the flue gas forms a swirling flow and contacts the absorbent
slurry formed by the nozzle 133 through the swirl plate, and contacts with the Bauer magnetic
ring 132. The flue gas is fully contacted with the liquid mist particles in countercurrent, and
absorbs the mist particles during the falling process. SO2, and the dust particles are captured by
the magnetic ring, the wet dust particles flow down to the bottom of the desulfurization tower,
and are discharged from the drain pipe 135 to the lower sedimentation tank. The purified gas
that rises in the cylinder is demisted and dehydrated by the mist eliminator to complete the
entire dust removal and desulfurization procedure, and then is led out through the upper cone of
the cylinder. The dusty waste liquid is discharged into the sedimentation tank through the
overflow hole at the bottom of the cylinder. Regeneration, adjust the pH of the water to 9-11)
and then recycle. The same operation enters into the spray destocking adsorption tower to carry
out the adsorption of nitrogen oxides such as NOX, and finally the up-to-standard gas is
discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. 续 4.3.7 旋风除尘，热烟烟气从旋风除尘
器出气口 98 被尾气引风机抽引至引风机，再从引风机出口被压送进入喷淋塔/脱硫塔 129 筒
体内，在其内部上升阶段，经旋流板将烟气形成旋流与喷嘴 133 形成的吸收剂浆液喷雾接触，
并与鲍尔磁环 132 接触，烟气与液体雾粒逆流充分接触，在雾粒降落过程中吸收 SO2 ，并
经磁环捕捉尘粒，湿润的尘粒向下流入脱硫塔底部，从排水管 135 排出到下部的沉淀池内。
在筒体内上升的净化后的气体经过除雾器除雾脱水，完成整个除尘脱硫程序，之后通过筒体
上部锥体部分引出。含尘废液通过筒体底部溢流孔排入沉淀池，（溢流孔有水封设计防止漏
气，并设有清理孔便于进行筒体底部清理）经沉淀（除灰）并加碱（再生，调节水的 PH 到
9-11）后循环使用。同样的操作进入喷淋脱销吸附塔内，进行 NOX 等氮氧化合物的吸附，最
后达标气体通过烟囱排至大气中。
Use action 使用操作：
1.Start work: Start the water pump first, so that the jet pressure atomizing nozzle in the
equipment sprays into the tower, so that the hot smoke gas can enter the cylinder. 开始工作：先
启动水泵，使设备中的射流压力雾化喷嘴向塔内喷雾，才能让热烟气体进入筒体。
2.Stop working: The water pump can be turned off only after the hot flue gas is not allowed to
enter the cylinder or the source of the hot flue gas disappears completely. 停止工作：先不让热
烟气体进入筒体或者产生热烟气体源头完全消失后，才可以关闭水泵。
3.Strictly speaking, after the desulfurization tower is put into operation, the water pump should
not be turned off.严格来讲，脱硫塔投入运行后，水泵不应关闭。

Notices 注意：
1. When using the desulfurization tower, a large amount of dust settles in the pool, so keep the
pool water clean, especially there should be no plastic sheets, wheat oranges, etc., to prevent the
nozzle from being blocked (dust will not block the nozzle). 使用脱硫塔有大量的尘沉降在水池
内，因此要保持池水干净，特别不应当有塑料片、麦桔等物，以防止堵塞喷头（粉尘不会堵
塞喷头）。
2. The sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas combine with water to form acidity.
Acidic water not only affects the desulfurization effect, but also affects the service life of
equipment pipes and pools. Therefore, lime should be added to keep the pH value in the pool at
9 -11 is better. 烟气中的二氧化硫和氮氧化合物与水结合后成酸性，酸性水不仅对脱硫效果
有影响，而且对设备管道、水池使用寿命有影响，所以要加石灰，使水池内的 PH 值保持在
9-11 为佳。
3. Regularly remove dust and dirt from the pool to keep the pool clean. 定期清除水池内灰尘和
污物，保持水池干净。
4. If the nozzle is damaged, it should be replaced in time, otherwise the effect of smoke
elimination, dust removal and desulfurization will not be achieved. 如果喷头损坏应及时更换，
否则达不到消烟、除尘、脱硫效果。

Ⅳ. Control and operation instructions 控制与操作说明

5.1 General operation process overview 操作一般流程概述
Overview of general startup process 开机一般流程概述：
1. Check the reset of the safety protection facilities of each production channel
检查各人行生产通道安全防护设施的复位情况；
2. Then check the maintenance of all parts of the equipment: ① oil level of the gearbox of the
reducer; ② lubrication parts; ③ All sealing parts (focusing on the head of carbonization furnace,
inlet and outlet wind shelter and water cooling screw) shall be confirmed to meet the standard;
④ Confirm that the water level of circulating water tank meets the requirements of equipment
operation; ⑤ Check the power supply of the auxiliary furnace igniter and the supply of liquefied
gas to ensure normal operation (no leakage); ⑥ Other miscellaneous personnel leave the site
(can watch from a distance), and the operator confirms that it is safe.
然后检查设备各部位养护：①，减速机齿轮箱油位；②，各润滑部位；③，各个密封部位
（重点炭化机封头、进出闭风器、水冷螺旋），确认各个密封达到标准；④，确认循环水
池水位满足设备运行；⑤，检查副炉点火器电源以及液化气供应情况确保正常工作（无泄
漏）；⑥，其它闲杂人员离场（可远处旁观），操作人员确认安全。
3. After the operator determines that it is safe, First, open the four plug valves of the auxiliary
furnace of the carbonization machine -- power transmission from the power distribution box --
turn on in turn -- circulating water pump and cooling tower -- frequency modulation of the
induced draft fan of the spray tower (40Hz) -- frequency modulation of the induced draft fan of
the auxiliary furnace (30Hz) -- frequency modulation of the induced draft fan of the main furnace
(30Hz) -- frequency modulation of the induced draft fan of the combustible gas head (5Hz) --
discharging wind shelter of the carbonization machine -- water-cooled screw discharge machine
-- frequency modulation of the carbonization machine (20Hz) --Ignition of the main furnace of
the carbonizer - Turn on the auxiliary furnace flamethrower igniter - shaftless screw feeder of the
carbonizer - frequency modulation (30Hz) of the feeding wind shelter of the carbonizer -
frequency modulation (20Hz) of the material belt conveyor of the carbonizer - discharging wind
shelter of the dryer - frequency modulation (20Hz) of the dispersing shaft of the dryer -
frequency modulation (20Hz) of the main machine of the dryer - frequency modulation (20Hz) of
the feeding wind shelter of the dryer. After ignition, observe that the main furnace gradually rises
to 500 ° C (and less than 750 ° C), and at the same time, observe that the outlet temperature of
the head of the carbonizer gradually rises to 180 ° C. when the temperature reaches the above
value, start: the material belt conveyor of the dryer is frequency modulated (10Hz). If there is a
crushing system, turn on the induced draft fan of the pulverizer one by one - turn on the main
machine of the pulverizer - when the main machine of the pulverizer runs at full speed, the
workers start feeding, About 30 minutes after the materials enter the drum of the carbonizer,
observe that the color of the combustible gas smoke emitted from the four plug valves of the
auxiliary furnace of the carbonizer changes from white to yellowish brown (possibly mixed with
blue) -- at this time, the yellowish brown gas is ignited by the igniter flame for the second time
--the igniter should continue to be in the open state. When the flame of the auxiliary furnace is
stable (the inner wall of the auxiliary furnace has been burnt red), turn off the igniter of the
auxiliary furnace. 操作人员确定安全后，首先打开炭化机副炉 4 个旋塞阀--动力配电箱送电
---依次开启---循环水泵和冷却塔---喷淋塔引风机调频（40HZ）---副炉引风机调频（30HZ）---
主炉引风机调频（30HZ）---封头可燃气引风机调频（5HZ）---炭化机出料闭风器---水冷螺旋
出料机---炭化主机调频（20HZ）--炭化机主炉点火---打开副炉喷火嘴点火器---炭化机无轴螺
旋进料机--炭化机进料闭风器调频（30HZ）---炭化机物料皮带输送机调频（20HZ）---烘干机
出料闭风器---烘干机打散轴调频（20HZ）---烘干机主机调频（20HZ）---烘干机进料闭风器
（30HZ）。点火后观察主炉逐渐升至 500 摄氏度（且小于 750 摄氏度），同时观察炭化机
封头出口温度逐渐升至 180 摄氏度，温度达到上述数值时开启：烘干机物料皮带输送机调频
（10HZ），若有破碎系统，则依次开启粉碎机引风机---开启粉碎机主机---待粉碎主机全速运
行时工人开始进料，待物料进入炭化机滚筒后约 30 分钟左右，观察炭化机副炉 4 个旋塞阀
喷出的可燃气体烟雾颜色由白色--逐渐变成黄褐色（可能夹杂蓝色）---此时黄褐色气体被点
火器火苗二次点燃---此时点火器应持续开次状态，待副炉火焰稳定（副炉膛内壁已被烧红）
关闭副炉点火器。
4. During the production process, pay attention to the condition of carbonized products,
properly adjust the rotating speed of the equipment and the state of the combustible gas fan,
increase the output and appropriately increase the feed amount with the continuous increase of
the temperature of the main and auxiliary furnaces. If the carbonized product is black, it is
qualified, indicating that the current equipment is in good operation; If the carbonized finished
product comes out in the color of raw materials or the color of coffee is unqualified, it indicates
that the furnace temperature of the equipment is too low, and the feed amount shall be reduced
or the furnace temperature shall be increased in time;If the color of the finished carbon is black
and the white powder is mixed, it is unqualified, indicating that the furnace temperature of the
equipment is too high. Increase the feeding amount or reduce the furnace temperature
appropriately. 生产过程中应注意炭化成品状况，适当调整设备转速及可燃气风机状态，随
主、副炉温度不断升高，提高产量适当加大进料量。在炭化成品呈现黑色为合格，说明当前
设备运行良好；如果炭化成品出来为原物料颜色或者咖啡色为不合格，说明设备炉温过低适
时降低进料量或者提高炉温；如果炭化成品出来黑色掺杂白色粉末为不合格，说明设备炉温
过高适时加大进料量或者适当降低炉温。
5. Make records of equipment operation status during production, exchange work experience
with each shift, and make a summary. 生产中做好设备运行状态记录，各班次交流工作经验，
做好总结。
General process overview of shutdown:关机一般流程概述：
① In the first stage, the main furnace of the carbonizer shuts down - stops feeding the pulverizer
- closes the pulverizer (all the materials in the pulverizer should come out and go into the dryer
conveyor) - closes the induced draft fan of the pulverizer - closes the dryer conveyor (after all the
materials on the conveyor go into the dryer) - closes the feeding wind shelter of the dryer. Thus,
the shutdown process in the first stage is completed
第一阶段，炭化机主炉熄火---停止给粉碎机喂饭料---关闭粉碎机（粉碎机内物料要全部出来
进去到烘干机输送机）----关闭粉碎机引风机---关闭烘干机输送机（输送机上物料全部进去
烘干机后）---关闭烘干机进料避风器，至此第一阶段关机流程结束。
②In the second stage, ensure that all the materials of the dryer have been discharged, and
observe that there is no material on the conveyor belt of the carbonizer - close the material
conveyor of the carbonizer - the feeding wind shelter of the carbonizer - the shaftless screw
feeder of the carbonizer. Thus, the shutdown process of the second stage is completed.
第二阶段，保证烘干机物料已全部拉出，观察炭化机输送机输送带上没有物料---关闭炭化机
物料输送机---炭化机进料避风器---炭化机无轴螺旋进料机，至此第二阶段关机流程结束。
③In the third stage, check the cooling condition of the equipment. When the temperature
control point (the main furnace and auxiliary furnace shall be subject to the highest temperature
value) is lower than 100 ℃, turn off the dryer - dryer blowing shaft - dryer discharge wind shelter
- carbonizer furnace - water-cooled discharge screw - carbonizer discharge wind shelter - head
gas induced draft fan - main furnace and Auxiliary furnace induced draft fan - spray tower
de-dusting induced draft fan - circulating water pump and cooling tower - power distribution box
is cut off - production is finished.
第三阶段，检查设备冷却情况温控点（主炉窑和副炉窑以最高温度值为准）降温低于 100
度时依次关闭烘干机主机---烘干机打散轴---烘干机出料闭风器---炭化机主机---水冷出料螺
旋---炭化机出料闭风器--封头可燃气引风机---主、副炉引风机---喷淋塔除尘引风机---循环水
泵和冷却塔 ---动力配电箱断电---生产结束。

Notice 注意：
1. This instruction is a standard configuration instruction. The general process overview of
operation is different depending on the configuration of customers. The detailed operation shall
be subject to the on-site commissioning instructions of the installation technical engineer of our
company. 此说明为标准配置说明书，客户配置不同，操作一般流程概述也就有所不同，详
细操作需按照我公司安装技术工程师现场调试操作指导并留书为准。
2. The on-site operators must be strictly trained and skilled by the installation technical
engineers of our company before they can operate this set of equipment. Otherwise, the
customer shall bear other consequences. 现场操作工人必须经过我公司安装技术工程师严格
培训并熟练后方可操作此套设备，否则引起其他后果，均有客户方承担。
5.2 Control operation 控制操作

The user shall have certain electrical work experience, be familiar with the operation process of

the carbonization equipment, and can operate the equipment independently after obtaining the

operation certificate through examination.

使用者需具备一定的电气工作经验，熟悉炭化设备的操作流程，并且经过考试取得操作证之

后才可以对本设备进行单独操作。

Notice 注意：
1. Before the equipment is powered on, ensure that the cabinet is grounded.设备上电之前，应
确保屏柜已接地。
2. When the equipment is in operation or maintenance state, no personnel other than operators
shall enter the work site to prevent others from misoperation. 设备处于运行或维护状态时，除
操作人员外其他人员不得进入工作现场，以防止他
人误操作。
3. It is not allowed to arbitrarily change the equipment wiring on the site, which must be
confirmed by the technicians.不得在现场随意更改设备接线，必须由技术人员进行确认。
4. During troubleshooting, except under special circumstances, it is required to confirm that all
power supplies are disconnected. 故障排查时，除特殊情况，需确认所有电源处于断开状态。
5.2.1 Function introduction 功能介绍
The electric control system of carbonization equipment is integrated in a set of electric control
cabinet, and its main functions are: manual and automatic mode control, equipment status
information monitoring, one key switch on / off time setting, real-time and historical alarm
information, temperature curve, emergency shutdown, etc. 炭化设备电控系统集成于一套电
控柜内，主要功能：手动和自动模式控制、设备状态信息监测、一键开关机时间设定、实时
和历史报警信息、温度曲线、紧急停机等。
5.2.2 Power on steps 上电步骤
1. Before power on, it is required to ensure that the mechanical installation is completed and can

be put into trial operation, ensure that all terminal equipment (motor, electric valve,

thermocouple and other sensing equipment) and the electrical control cabinet have been

connected according to the drawings, and check whether the wiring is correct to ensure that all

circuit breakers are disconnected. 上电之前需确保机械安装完成并可试运行，确保所有终端

设备（电机、电动阀门和热电偶等传感设备）和电控柜连线已经按照图纸连接完毕，并核对

接线无误，确保所有断路器为断开状态。

2. Connect the AC380V / 50Hz three-phase power supply at the upper end of the main circuit

breaker (subject to the voltage and frequency indicated in the electrical drawing), connect the

zero line to the insulator, and connect the ground line to the zero line terminal block. 在主断路

器上端接入 AC380V/50HZ 三相电源（以提供电气图纸注明的电压、频率为准），零线接在

绝缘子上，地线接到零线端子排上。

3. After the main power line is firmly connected, the mains is powered on, and a multimeter is

used to measure whether the phase voltage and line voltage at the upper end of the main circuit

breaker are consistent with the voltage values indicated in the electrical drawings. If the phase is

missing or the voltage is inconsistent, look for the cause. After the problem is solved, close the

main circuit breaker, switch the transfer switch on the electric control cabinet door, and check

again that the reading of the voltmeter is normal, then close each shunt circuit breaker in turn

and start the control. system.主电源线接入牢固后，市电上电，用万用表测量主断路器上端相

电压、线电压是否和电气图纸注明的电压值一致，若缺相、电压不一致，寻找原因，待问题

解决后，闭合主断路器，切换电控柜门上的转换开关，再次核对电压表读数正常后，即可依

次闭合各分路断路器，启动控制系统。

4. After the power is turned on, wait for about 10 seconds, and then proceed to the next step

after the communication between the PLC and the touch screen is normal.电源接通后，等待约

10 秒，待 PLC 和触摸屏通讯正常后，方可进行下步操作。

5. Single-point operate touch screen interface motor, electric valve and other equipment, confirm

whether the wiring is correct and whether the equipment is normal. 单点操作触摸屏界面电机、

电动阀门等设备，确认接线是否正确和设备是否正常。
5.2.3 Startup steps:开机步骤
1. Before startup, routine inspection shall be carried out on the whole carbonization equipment,
mainly including: adding water to the de-dusting pool; Add water to the cooling water tank; Add

water to the hydro-seal / water seal (the water surface is 7 cm above the pipe outlet); Check

whether all lubricating parts are in good condition; Check the sealing of the head of the

carbonizer; Check the oil supply tank of the diesel burner and ensure that the diesel is fully

prepared; The liquefied gas tank of the liquefied gas ignition device has sufficient liquefied gas

preparation; Including loaders for loading, and other necessary vehicles can be used normally;

Confirm that all inlet and outlet wind shelter work normally; Check whether the water-cooled

discharge screw and belt conveyor are normal; How to store the finished carbon, determine the

plan and prepare the materials in place; The matching valves of the combustible gas burner

mouth are all closed. 开机前需先对炭化设备整体进行例行检查，主要包括：除尘水池加水；

冷却水池加水；水封加水（水面在管道出口之上 7 厘米）；检查各润滑部位是否状态良好；

检查炭化机封头密封性；检查柴油燃烧器的供油罐，柴油准备充足；液化气点火装置的液化

气罐，液化气准备充足；包括上料用的装载机，和其他必须的车辆可以正常使用；确认各个

进出料闭风器工作正常；检查水冷出渣螺旋和皮带输送机无异常；成品炭如何存放，确定好

方案，材料准备到位；可燃气燃烧嘴配套的阀门是全部关闭状态。
2. Power the power distribution box and the combustion engine distribution box in turn, turn on
the water pump of the cooling pool, turn on the cooling tower of the cooling pool, and turn on
the water pump of the dedusting pool. 依次给动力配电箱和燃烧机配电箱送电，启动冷却水
池水泵、启动冷却水池冷却塔，启动除尘水池水泵。
3. Turn on the de-dusting induced draft fan of the spray tower and adjust the frequency to

(35-45hz) (reference value). 开启喷淋塔除尘引风机，频率调节为（35-45HZ）。（参考值）

4. Turn on the induced draft fan of the main combustion furnace and adjust the frequency to

(20-30hz); turn on the induced draft fan of the auxiliary combustion furnace and adjust the

frequency to (20-30hz). (ensure the negative pressure in the furnace according to the combustion

conditions of the burner) 开启主燃烧炉引风机，频率调节为（20-30HZ）；开启副燃烧炉引

风机，频率调节为（20-30HZ）。（根据燃烧器燃烧情况，保证炉膛内负压）

5. Turn on the combustible gas induced draft fan for 3-5hz, adjust the frequency of the

combustible gas induced draft fan to generate micro pressure in the furnace (about 5-9mm

pressure difference of U-shaped pressure gauge). 开启可燃气体引风机 3-5hz，调节可燃气引风

机频率，使炉内产生微压（U 型压力表约 5-9 毫米压差）。

6. Turn on the discharging wind shelter of the carbonizer, the second water-cooled discharge
screw and the first water-cooled discharge screw in turn. 依次开启炭化机出料闭风器、二道水冷

出渣螺旋、首道水冷出渣螺旋。

7. Turn on the drive motor of the carbonization furnace and adjust the frequency to (13-20hz).

(adjusted according to the feed quantity during production) 开启炭化机主机驱动电机，频率调节

为（13-20HZ）。（生产过程中根据进料量调节）

8. Ignite the coal of the main combustion furnace or turn on the burner of the main combustion

furnace to prepare for preheating. 点燃主燃烧炉煤炭或打开主燃烧炉燃烧机，准备预热。

9. Start 1-2 ignitors of combustible gas nozzle of combustion furnace; (if there is residual

combustible gas in the furnace or residual materials that were not cleaned up due to emergency

shutdown or power failure and human factors, this step can start the igniter to improve safety.)

Open 1-2 combustible gas nozzle valves of the combustion furnace to prevent pressure build-up in

the furnace. 开启燃烧炉可燃气喷嘴点火器 1-2 个；（如果炉内有可燃气残存或有上次因急停

或停电以及人为因素等未清理的残存物料，此步骤开启点火器，可提高安全性。）开启燃烧炉

可燃气喷嘴阀门 1-2 个，防止炉内憋压。

10. Start preheating, and prepare for feeding when the gas temperature at the head of the

carbonization furnace reaches 135-150 ℃. 开始预热，当炭化主机封头处气体温度到 135-150℃

时准备进料。

11. Turn on the shaftless screw feeder of the carbonizer, the feeding wind shelter of the carbonizer

(30-45hz), the belt conveyor of the carbonizer (30-45hz), the discharging wind shelter of the dryer,

the driving motor of the dryer (20-35hz), the shaft motor of the dryer (20-35hz), the feeding wind

shelter of the dryer (30-45hz), and the belt conveyor of the dryer (30-45hz) in turn. ① Start the

shaftless screw feeder ② of the carbonization machine, and start the feeding wind shelter of the

carbonization machine (30-45hz). (on site mediation to prevent blocking) ③. Belt conveyor of

carbonizer (30-45hz). (conduct on-site mediation to prevent the overflow of the feeding wind

shelter of the carbonizer) ④, start the discharging wind shelter ⑤ of the dryer, and start the drive

motor of the dryer (15-25hz). ⑥ , the dryer's breaking shaft motor (15-25hz). ⑦ Start the feeding

wind shelter of the dryer (30-45hz). ⑧ dryer belt conveyor (10-20hz). ⑨ start the silo screw

conveyor (optional by the customer). (all the above set frequency parameters are for reference only,

and the specific parameters are adjusted according to the raw materials and equipment.) ⑩ adjust

the rotation frequency of the drive motor of the carbonization machine to 25Hz. (according to
different raw materials, all frequencies shall be tested without heating before startup, and the most

matching feeding frequency shall be recorded to ensure good linkage). 依次开启炭化机无轴螺旋

进料机、炭化机进料闭风器（30-45HZ）、炭化机皮带输送机（30-45HZ）、烘干机出料闭风器、

烘干机驱动电机（20-35HZ），烘干机打散轴电机（20-35HZ）、烘干机进料闭风器（30-45HZ）、

烘干机皮带输送机（30-45HZ）。①，启动炭化机无轴螺旋进料机②，启动炭化机进料闭风

器（30-45HZ）。（现场调解，防止堵料）③，炭化机皮带输送机（30-45HZ）。（现场调解，

防止炭化机进料闭风器溢料）④，启动烘干机出料避风器⑤，启动烘干机驱动电机（15-25HZ）。

⑥，烘干机打散轴电机（15-25HZ）。⑦，启动烘干机进料闭风器（30-45HZ）。⑧，烘干机

皮带输送机（10-20HZ）。⑨，启动料仓螺旋输送机（客户选配）。（以上所有设定频率参数

仅供参考，具体参数根据原料及设备来调整）⑩，炭化机主机驱动电机转动频率调整到 25HZ。

（根据不同的原料，所有的频率需要在开机前无加热测试，记录最匹配的进料频率，保证联动

良好）。

After about half an hour, the biochar can be discharged through the discharger and the wind shelter.

At this time, the following two items should be noted: 大约半小时后，生物炭可通过出渣机和避

风器出来，此时需注意一下两项：

①Pay attention to whether the biochar in the storage device is full and transfer it in time; 注意盛

放装置内的生物炭是否盛满，及时转移；

②Collect samples and observe the quality of biochar. The temperature of the furnace can be

adjusted by increasing or decreasing the temperature of the combustion chamber to make the

quality of biochar meet the requirements. 采集样品，观察生物炭的品质。通过提高或降低炉膛

的温度，来调整反应釜温度，使生物炭的品质达到要求。

12.After the above operations are completed, feed evenly. 完成以上操作后，均匀进料。

13. When combustible gas is generated, the combustible gas nozzle of the combustion chamber

is ignited. At this time, it must be ensured that the combustible gas nozzle igniter of the auxiliary

combustion furnace is in working state. Because the combustible gas is unstable at this time, if

the combustible gas nozzle igniter of the auxiliary combustion furnace is closed, the combustible

gas in the combustion chamber cannot be burned in time and the accumulated concentration is

large, resulting in sudden explosion in the combustion chamber. 当有可燃气产生时，燃烧炉可

燃气喷嘴被点燃，此时必须保证副燃烧炉可燃气喷嘴点火器处于工作状态。因为此时可燃气

产生不稳定，如果关闭副燃烧炉可燃气喷嘴点火器，会因为燃烧炉内可燃气不能及时燃烧而
积攒浓度较大，造成燃烧炉内突爆现象。
14. The raw materials in the furnace will produce high-temperature oxygen-free carbonization
reaction to produce combustible gas. Adjust the combustible gas induced draft fan, and the
combustible gas will enter the combustion chamber to burn (slowly increase from 3-5hz).
原料在反应釜内，产生高温无氧炭化反应，产生可燃气，调节可燃气引风机，可燃气进入炉
膛燃烧（从 3-5hz 缓慢增加）。
Note: observe the liquid level of the water column pressure gauge. The pressure difference of the
U-shaped pressure gauge is about 5-9 mm.
注意：观察水柱压力计的液位，U 型压力表约 5-9 毫米压差。
At this time, pay attention to the flame of the combustible burner, which is a process from
scratch. With the increase of combustible gas, the flame will become larger and larger, and the
combustible gas cannot be fully burned, resulting in black smoke. At this time, open other
combustible gas burner valves (before opening, it is necessary to start the liquefied gas ignition
device) to disperse the combustible gas for combustion. 此时，注意观察可燃气燃烧嘴的火焰，
是从无到有的一个过程。随着可燃气增多，火焰会越来越大，可燃气不能充分燃烧，产生黑
烟。此时打开其他的可燃气烧嘴阀门（打开前，需要启动液化气点火装置），分散可燃气进
行燃烧。
15.With the increase of the amount of materials, the internal pressure of the furnace will rise. It

can be judged by observing the water column level gauge. At this time, it is necessary to adjust

the working frequency of the combustible gas induced draft fan, extract the combustible gas

inside the furnace, reduce the internal pressure of the furnace, and burn the combustible gas in

the combustion chamber to replace the diesel burner for heating. With the increase of induced

draft fan frequency, increase the number of open combustible gas burners. When one

combustible burner cannot burn all the combustible gas, open the valve of the other combustible

burner (before opening, start the liquefied gas ignition device). 随着料数量增加，反应釜内部压

力就会上升，通过观察水柱液位计来判断。此时需要调整可燃气引风机的工作频率，抽出反

应釜内部可燃气，降低反应釜内部压力，并在炉膛内燃烧可燃气，取代柴油燃烧机供热。随

着引风机频率的增加，增加打开的可燃气燃烧嘴数量。当一个可燃气烧嘴不能燃烧全部的可

燃气时，打开另一个可燃气烧嘴阀门（打开前，需要启动液化气点火装置）。

Note: Negative pressure cannot appear inside the furnace! The U-type pressure gauge is about

5-9 mm differential pressure. 注意：反应釜内部不能出现负压！U 型压力表约 5-9 毫米压差。

When the combustible gas burners of the auxiliary furnace are all opened, the burner of the

auxiliary furnace can be turned off, and all the combustible gas is used for heating. At this time, it

is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the hot smoke induced draft fan of the auxiliary

furnace and the opening and closing of the combustible burner according to the combustion
situation of the combustible gas. The auxiliary furnace temperature is kept between 450°C and

600°C, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600°C. With the increase of the feed

amount, the working frequency of the combustible induced draft fan increases. When all the

combustible gas burners of the auxiliary furnace are opened, the main furnace combustible gas

burner are opened until the main furnace burner is turned off. Similarly, the main furnace

temperature is kept between 450°C and 600°C, and the maximum temperature does not exceed

600°C. If there is too much combustible gas, open the combustible gas burner in the exhaust

combustion chamber (before opening, you need to start the liquefied gas ignition device first) to

burn off the excess combustible gas. 当副炉的可燃气烧嘴全部打开后，可以关闭副炉的燃烧

机，全部使用可燃气供热。此时需要根据可燃气燃烧情况，调整副炉的热烟引风机的工作频

率、可燃气燃烧嘴的开合情况，副炉温度保持在 450℃-600℃之间，最高不超过 600℃。随

着进料量的增加，可燃气引风机的工作频率增加，当副炉全部的可燃气燃烧嘴打开后，打开

主炉可燃气燃烧嘴，直至关闭主炉燃烧机。同样主炉温度保持在 450℃-600℃之间，最高不

超过 600℃。如果可燃气过多，打开排烧室的可燃气燃烧嘴（打开前，需要首先启动液化气

点火装置），烧掉多余的可燃气。

16.Check the carbon emission after 20 minutes, and it is qualified if the color is pure black and

there is no odor; If the carbon discharge is not qualified, it is necessary to adjust the temperature

in the furnace, the driving frequency of the furnace’s driving motor, the frequency of the

combustible gas fan, the frequency of the feeding screw and the feeding wind shelter until the

carbon discharge is qualified. (Note: in the whole process, the processing capacity of the shaftless

screw feed conveyor of the dryer must be greater than that of the feeding wind shelter of the

dryer, and the processing capacity of the shaftless screw feed conveyor of the carbonization

furnace must be greater than that of the feeding wind shelter of the carbonization furnace,

otherwise the shaftless screw feed conveyor will be jammed and damaged!) 20 分钟后查看出炭

情况，以颜色纯黑没有异味为合格；如果出炭没有达到合格，就需要调节炉内的温度、炭化

主机驱动电机的驱动频率、可燃气风机的频率、进料螺旋和进料闭风器频率等数值，直到出

炭合格为止。（注意：整个过程烘干机无轴螺旋进料输送机的处理量必须大于烘干机进料闭

风器的处理量，炭化主机无轴螺旋进料输送机的处理量必须大于炭化主机进料闭风器的处理

量，否则会造成无轴螺旋进料输送器卡死损坏！）

17.Record the temperature value of the combustible gas at the head (i.e. the carbonization
temperature of the material is subject to the actual temperature of the material on the site). Take

the temperature value as the standard, adjust the number of switches of the combustible gas

nozzle, and coordinate with the adjustment of the firepower of the combustor, so that the

temperature fluctuation does not exceed 20 ℃. 记录封头可燃气体的温度数值（即物料炭化

温度以实际物料现场温度为准），以该温度值为标准，调节可燃气体喷嘴的开关数量，配合

调节燃烧机的火力大小，使该温度上下波动不超过 20℃。

18. Carbonization equipment starts normal operation. 炭化设备开始正常运行。

19. Record all the temperature, pressure, motor frequency, fan frequency and other numerical

parameters of the carbonization equipment that reach the qualified processing capacity and the

qualified carbon output and operate normally. The installation and commissioning engineer of

our company shall prepare the accurate operation instructions and requirements under the

specific material and specific processing capacity conditions of the machine according to the

specific numerical parameters and the on-site operation conditions, and train the operating

workers of the client to achieve skilled operation and post conditions. (Note: if the customer

needs to change the materials and handling capacity, he must contact our company, and only

after the professional installation and commissioning engineer of our company gives the scheme

or on-site commissioning and trains the operating workers of the customer can he change the

materials and handling capacity. Otherwise, the customer shall be responsible for the

consequences!) 记录炭化设备达到合格处理量和合格出炭情况，并正常运行的所有温度、压

力、电机频率、风机频率等数值参数，由我公司安装调试工程师，根据具体数值参数和现场

运行情况编制本机特定物料和特定处理量条件下的精准操作说明书和要求，并培训客户方操

作工人达到熟练操作和上岗条件。（注意：客户如需要更换物料和处理量，必须要与我公司

取得联系，并在我公司专业安装调试工程师给出方案或现场调试并培训客户方操作工人后方

可更换物料和处理量，否则造成的后果由客户方负责承担！）

20. The following matters shall be noted during the operation: 1. Always observe whether the

combustible gas burner is blocked, resulting in flame off. 2. Observe the pressure in the furnace

at all times and avoid too large pressure difference. 3. Always pay attention to pressure changes

to prevent excessive pressure of the furnace due to pipe blockage. 4. Always pay attention to the

temperature of the dryer. If the temperature is too high, prevent the raw materials from

spontaneous combustion in the dryer. 运行过程中需要注意以下事项：1，时刻观察可燃气烧

嘴是否堵塞，导致火焰熄灭。2，时刻观察炉内压力，不能出现太大压差。3，时刻注意压力

变化，防止因为管道堵塞造成反应釜压力过大。 4，时刻注意烘干机温度，如果温度过高，

防止原料在烘干机内自燃。

Tip: it is recommended that the customer keep the combustible gas nozzle igniter working

normally throughout the carbonization process to improve the safety performance of the

combustible gas combustion system! If the ignitor of the combustible gas nozzle is turned off

after the combustion of the combustible gas nozzle is completely normal, there may be sudden

explosion in the combustion chamber, which may be dangerous to the combustion system!

提示：建议客户炭化全过程保持可燃气喷嘴点火器正常工作，提高可燃气燃烧系统的安全

性能！若在可燃气喷嘴燃烧完全正常工作后关闭可燃气喷嘴点火器，会可能有燃烧炉内突

爆现象，对燃烧系统会有一定的危险性！

5.2.4 Shutdown operation steps 关机操作步骤

1. Start the shutdown process 2 hours before be off duty.下班前 2 小时开始进行关机操作流程。

2. Stop feeding, turn off the belt conveyor of the dryer, the feeding wind shelter of the dryer, the

drive motor of the dryer, the shaft motor of the dryer, the discharge wind shelter of the dryer, the

belt conveyor of the carbonizer, the feeding wind shelter of the carbonizer, and the shaft less

screw feeder of the carbonizer in order to ensure that no biological material enters the

carbonization furnace. 停止上料，依次关闭烘干机皮带输送机、烘干机进料闭风器、烘干机

驱动电机、烘干机打散轴电机、烘干机出料闭风器、炭化机皮带输送机、炭化机进料闭风器、

炭化机无轴螺旋进料机，确保无生物料进入炭化主机。
3. After 30 minutes, after confirming that all the remaining carbon products are discharged from
the carbonization furnace, close the control valves of the combustible gas nozzles of the main
and auxiliary combustion furnaces of the carbonizer and the corresponding igniters (note that
the combustion of the combustible gas nozzles in the combustion chamber must not be closed in
this step. If it is closed, the combustion of the combustible gas nozzles in the combustion
chamber must be opened in accordance with item 19 of 5.2.3 startup steps), the first water-coole
discharge screw, the second water-cooled discharging screw, screw discharger and carbonization
furnace discharge wind shelter. 30 分钟后，确定剩余的炭成品全部从炭化主机内排出后，关
闭炭化主机主和副燃烧炉可燃气喷嘴控制阀门以及相对应的点火器（注意此步必须不能关闭
排烧室可燃气喷嘴燃烧，如果其处于关闭状态，必须按照 5.2.3 开机步骤中第 19 项打开排烧
室可燃气喷嘴燃烧方法进行打开操作）、首道水冷出渣螺旋、二道水冷出渣螺旋、螺旋出渣
机、炭化机出料闭风器。
4. Observe the combustion of the combustible gas nozzle in the exhaust combustion chamber.
When there is basically no combustible gas, turn off the igniter of the combustible gas nozzle in
the exhaust combustion chamber. 观察排烧室可燃气喷嘴燃烧情况，基本无可燃气时，关闭
排烧室可燃气喷嘴点火器。
5. After the combustible gas temperature of the head and the temperature of the main and

auxiliary furnaces drop below 100 ℃, turn off the drive motor of the carbonization furnace, the

combustible gas induced draft fan of the carbonization furnace, the control valve of the

combustible gas nozzle of the exhaust combustion chamber, the induced draft fan of the main

and auxiliary combustion furnaces, the spray de-dusting tower induced draft fan, the circulating

water pump and the cooling tower in turn. 观察封头可燃气体温度和主副炉温度降到 100℃以

下后，依次关闭炭化主机驱动、炭化主机可燃气引风机、排烧室可燃气喷嘴控制阀门、主和

副燃烧炉引风机、喷淋塔除尘引风机、循环水泵和冷却塔等。

6. Turn off the power supply of all distribution boxes, turn off the main circuit breaker, and stop

the carbonization equipment. 关闭所有配电箱电源，关闭主断路器，炭化设备停机完成。

5.2.5 Emergency stop operation steps 急停操作步骤

5.2.5.1 Dangerous emergency occurs during equipment operation 设备运行中出现危险紧急
情况
1. Press the emergency stop button, except that the combustible gas induced draft fan of the
carbonization equipment, the induced draft fan of the main and auxiliary combustion furnaces,
the spray de-dusting tower induced draft fan, the circulating water pump and the cooling tower
drive work normally, all other motors are shut down in succession within 10 seconds (to prevent
too many motors from closing at the same time and damaging the electric control cabinet). After
2 hours, the combustible gas induced draft fan of the carbonization equipment, the induced draft
fan of the main and auxiliary combustion furnaces,the spray de-dusting tower induced draft fan,
the circulating water pump and the cooling tower are shut down in succession. 按下急停按钮，
除炭化机可燃气引风机、主和副燃烧炉引风机、喷淋塔除尘引风机、循环水泵和冷却塔驱动
正常工作外，其他所有电机在 10 秒内相继关闭（避免过多电机同时关闭，伤害电控柜），2
小时后，炭化机可燃气引风机、主和副燃烧炉引风机、喷淋塔除尘引风机、循环水泵和冷却
塔相继关闭。
2. Simultaneously with step 1, it is necessary to close the control valves of the combustible gas
nozzles of the main and auxiliary combustion furnaces of the carbonization equipment and the
corresponding igniters (note that the combustible gas nozzles of the exhaust chamber must not
be closed for combustion in this step. If they are closed, they must be opened according to the
method of opening the combustible gas nozzles of the exhaust chamber in item 19 of 5.2.3
startup steps). 与步骤 1 同时进行，需要关闭炭化主机主和副燃烧炉可燃气喷嘴控制阀门以
及相对应的点火器（注意此步必须不能关闭排烧室可燃气喷嘴燃烧，如果其处于关闭状态，
必须按照 5.2.3 开机步骤中第 19 项打开排烧室可燃气喷嘴燃烧方法进行打开操作）。
3. Observe the combustion of the combustible gas nozzle in the exhaust combustion chamber.
When there is basically no combustible gas, turn off the igniter of the combustible gas nozzle in
the exhaust combustion chamber. 观察排烧室可燃气喷嘴燃烧情况，基本无可燃气时，关闭
排烧室可燃气喷嘴点火器。
4. For emergency treatment and repair of dangerous situations, it must be ensured that all

dangers are eliminated. 对危险情况进行紧急处理和抢修，必须确保危险全部消除。

5. Check and empty the residual materials in all parts of the whole carbonization equipment

production line, and pay special attention to the cleaning of the residual materials in the dryer

and the carbonization furnace. The residual materials in the dryer must be cleaned first, and then

can be cleaned according to the startup steps when no materials are introduced (note that the

combustion system is not allowed to ignite during this cleaning process). 检查整个炭化设备生

产线各个部分滞留物料，并对其清空处理，特别注意烘干机内部滞留物料和炭化主机内部滞

留物料的清理。烘干机内部滞留物料必须先进行清理干净，然后在不进物料的情况下，可按

照开机步骤进行清理（注意此清理过程不允许燃烧系统点火工作）。
5.2.5.2 Equipment failure during operation 设备运行中出现故障情况
1. When a certain equipment fails during equipment operation, the equipment will stop working
immediately. Before the failure, whether it is in manual or automatic mode, it will be switched to
manual mode after the failure. At this time, other motors will be operated reasonably according
to the process requirements and fault hazard procedures. After the failure is removed, the
production can be started. 设备运行中当某个设备出现故障时，该设备立即停止工作，故障
前无论是手动还是自动模式，故障后都切换为手动模式，此时按照工艺需求和故障危害程序，
合理操作其他电机，待故障解除后，再行运行生产。
5.2.5.3 Power failure during equipment operation 设备运行中停电情况
1. The site must be equipped with the standby power supply required by the equipment. In case
of power failure, it will automatically switch to the standby power supply, and operate according
to the shutdown operation steps in 5.2.4 or the emergency shutdown operation in 5.2.5.1.
要求客户现场必须必备设备要求的备用电源设备，停电时自动切换至备用电源，按照 5.2.4
关机操作步骤操作或按照 5.2.5.1 急停操作。
2. When the power is normally on, clean up according to step 5 in 5.2.5.1. 到正常通电时，再按
照 5.2.5.1 中步骤 5 进行清理操作。

Notices 注 意 ： The frequency of the motor, the frequency of the fan and the

temperature of the furnace are different for different materials and handling capacity. The

installation and commissioning engineers of our company will debug the equipment according to

the materials and handling capacity of the customers on the site and the quality of the carbon

output, prepare the precise control operation manual and requirements under the conditions of

specific materials and specific handling capacity of the machine according to the specific

numerical parameters and the on-site operation conditions, and train the operators of the
 customers to achieve skilled operation and working conditions. (Note: if the customer needs to

change the materials and handling capacity, he must contact our company, and only after the

professional installation and commissioning engineer of our company gives the scheme or on-site

commissioning and trains the operating workers of the customer can he change the materials

and handling capacity. Otherwise, the customer shall be responsible for the consequences!)不同

的物料和处理量电机频率、风机频率、主机温度等不太相同，我公司安装调试工程师会根据

现场客户物料和处理量以及出炭品质调试设备，并根据具体数值参数和现场运行情况编制本

机特定物料和特定处理量条件下的精准控制操作书和要求，并培训客户方操作工人达到熟练

操作和上岗条件。（注意：客户如需要更换物料和处理量，必须要与我公司取得联系，并在

我公司专业安装调试工程师给出方案或现场调试并培训客户方操作工人后方可更换物料和

处理量，否则造成的后果由客户方负责承担！）
5.2.6 Panel function introduction 面板功能介绍
5.2.6.1 Introduction to control cabinet 控制柜介绍
Front view (as shown in Fig. 1) and back view (as shown in Fig. 2) of electric control cabinet
appearance.
电控柜外观正面图（如图 1）和背面图（如图 2）。

ammeter 电流表

Temperature
voltmeter 电压表
instrument 温度仪表

Switches 转换开关 touch screen 触摸屏

Emergency stop button

急停按钮

Buzzer 蜂鸣器

Lower air inlet 下进气孔

Lower air inlet 下进气孔
 Figure 1 图1

When the equipment is running, the three-phase current can be checked in real time through the
ammeter. If you want to check the three-phase voltage, you need to switch the transfer switch
and check the phase voltages of Uab, Uac and Ubc at will (note that the transfer switch should
not be operated too frequently). 设备运行时，三相电流可以通过电流表实时查看，若要查
看三相电压时，需要切换转换开关，任意查看 Uab、Uac、Ubc 相电压（注意转换开关不要太过
频繁操作）。

Upper vent 上 Upper vent 上

排气孔 排气孔

Lower air inlet Lower air inlet

下进气孔 下进气孔

Figure 2 图 2
During the operation of the equipment, the exhaust hole and the air inlet shall not be blocked to
ensure smooth air flow. Personnel shall not stay near the exhaust hole as far as possible to avoid
discomfort caused by the discharged hot gas to the human body
设备运行时，不可遮挡排气孔和进气孔，确保气流通畅，排气孔附近尽量不要逗留人员，以
免排出的热气对人体造成不适。
 Front internal view (as shown in Fig. 3) and back internal view (as shown in Fig. 4) of electric
control cabinet 电控柜正面内部图（如图 3）和背面内部图（如图 4）。

24V power
supply24V 电源
Each shunt circuit
breaker 各分路断路器

switchboard 交换机
PLC part PLC 部分
交换机

fusible cutout
Intermediate relay 中间继电器
熔断器

AC contactor 交流接触器
Fan thermostat
风扇温控器
Thermal relay 热继电器

Power line terminal

block 动 力 线 端 子

Thermocouple wiring
Terminal strip 热 电 偶 接
线 端子排

Motor incoming line

Thermocouple 电机进线
Figure 3 图 3
incoming line 热电
偶进线

Thermocouple and other signal lines and motor power lines shall be separately fed to avoid the
interference caused by power lines, which may cause inaccurate, jumping or large deviation of
temperature, pressure and other display values, and affect the operator to make correct
judgment on the operation information of the equipment. 热电偶等信号线和电机动力线要
分开进线，避免动力线带来的干扰造成温度、压力等显示数值不准、跳动或偏差很大，影响
操作人员对设备的运行信息做出正确的判断。
Zero line insulator 零
线绝缘子

Main circuit
Each shunt circuit
breaker 主断路器
breaker 各分路断
路器
Current transformer
电流互感器

Current transformer
电流互感器

Ground Power line

terminal strip terminal block
地线端子排 动力线端子排

Figure 6 图6

When the equipment is running, if a certain frequency converter fails, first record the fault code,
check the manual of the frequency converter, and remove the fault according to the description
of the corresponding fault code in the manual. After the fault is removed, close the sub circuit
breaker corresponding to the frequency converter, wait for 5 seconds after all the indicator lights
of the frequency converter are off, and then close the circuit breaker. 设备运行时，若某个变频
器故障时，首先记录故障码，查看变频器手册，根据手册上对应故障码的说明排除故障，故
障排除后，关闭变频器对应的分断路器，待变频器所有指示灯熄灭后，等待 5 秒，然后闭合
该断路器。

5.2.7 Function description of touch screen 触摸屏功能说明

5.2.7.1Touch screen operating instructions 触屏操作说明
1. After the equipment is powered on, the touch screen enters the operation interface shown in
Fig. 7 (the system defaults to the carbonization main interface). There are two languages
available on the interface: Chinese and English. Click the icon in the upper right corner
 of the operation interface to pop up the language selection dialog box,
and select the required language (the Chinese and English interfaces are the same except for
different words). The operation interface is divided into 7 areas: function menu area, equipment
model area, date and time area, language selection area, alarm silencing area, item function area
and equipment information area. 设备上电之后，触摸屏进入图 7 所示操作界面（系统默认为

炭化主界面），界面有中英文两种语言可供选择，点击操作界面右上角的 图标，

弹出语言选择对话框 ，选择需要的语言（中英文界面除文字不同外，其余相同）。
操作界面分为 7 个区：功能菜单区、设备型号区、日期时间区、语言选择区、报警消音区、
项功能区、设备信息区。

function equipment date and Function

menu area model area time area 日 menu area 功
功能菜单区 设备型号区 期时间区 能菜单区

item language
function selection
area 项功能 area 语言选
区 择区

equipment alarm
information silencing
area 设备信 area 报警消
息区 音区

Figure7 图7

Function menu area - displays all item function areas of the production line. You can click to enter
different item function areas for manipulation and viewing. The blue background button
represents the current operation interface;
功能菜单区 ——显示生产线所有的项功能区，可点击进入不同的项功能区进行操控和查
看，蓝色背景按钮表示为当前操作界面；
Item function area - displays the interface of a unit area in the whole production line of the
 carbonization equipment;
项功能区 ——显示炭化设备整条生产线中某一单元区界面；
Equipment model area - displays the current production line equipment model purchased by the
customer;
设备型号区 ——显示客户购买的当前生产线设备型号；
Date and time area - displays the date and time of the control system. The customer can set the
date and time according to the needs, so as to interface with the central control system and form
a record of the total control production time;
日期时间区 ——显示控制系统日期时间，客户可根据需要，自行设置日期时间，以便和
中控系统对接，形成总控生产时间记录；
Language selection area - Chinese and English can be selected;
语言选择区 ——中英文两种语言可供选择；
Equipment information area - displays all sub item equipment information required to be
displayed in the item function area;
设备信息区 ——显示项功能区所有需要显示的子项设备信息；
Alarm silencing area - when the buzzer of one or more equipment faults in the production line
gives an alarm, the button flashes, and click the buzzer to silence.
报警消音区 ——生产线某个或多个设备故障蜂鸣器报警时，按钮闪烁，点击蜂鸣器消音。

5.2.7.2 Detailed description of each area 各区详细说明

5.2.7.2.1 Detailed description of function menu area 功能菜单区详细说明
The functional menu area is initially set with eight functional area interfaces, including
carbonization interface, drying interface, equipment status, parameter setting, mode selection,
temperature curve, alarm information and standby function. In the later stage, new functional
area interfaces can also be added according to the needs of customers (if new functional area
interfaces are required, contact our company and communicate with our electrical engineers
before implementation), The customer's operators shall be familiar with the contents and
operation methods covered by various functional areas before use, so as to avoid being in a hurry
without training.
功能菜单区初始设定有炭化界面、烘干界面、设备状态、参数设置、模式选择、温度曲线、
报警信息、备用功能等八大项功能区界面，后期也可根据客户现场需要，增添新的项功能区
界面（如果需要新增项功能区界面，则需与我公司联系，与我公司电气工程师沟通后方可实
施），客户操作人员在使用前应熟知各项功能区涵盖的内容和操作方式，避免未经培训即上
岗，出现手忙脚乱的情况。

carbonization equipment mode

interface 炭化 status 设 selection
界面 备状态 模式选择
 drying interface 烘干界面 parameter setting 参数设置

Figure8 图8

temperature standby function Language selection

curve 温度曲线 备用功能 语言选择

alarm information Mute button

报警信息 消音按钮

Figure9 图9

Click the touch screen point of each interface shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 to enter the interface of
this function area, as shown in the following figure:
点击图 8 和图 9 所示每个界面的触屏点，可进入该项功能区界面，分别如下图所示：

炭化界面

Figure10 图 10
Introduction: display the process flow of the carbonization system, the operating status,
operating frequency and real-time temperature of key points. Click the icon of motor, fan, water
pump and valve to pop up the operation window in FIG. 11. Click the "start" button to operate
the corresponding equipment and close the operation window. The background color of the
operating equipment changes from red to green. To stop the device, click the device icon again to
pop up the operation window as shown in FIG. 11. Click the "stop" button to stop the device and
close the operation window at the same time. The bottom color of the device changes from
green to red. When the equipment fails, the background color of the equipment changes to
yellow.
介绍：显示炭化系统工艺流程、各设备的运行状态、运行频率和关键点实时温度，点击电机、
风机、水泵、阀门等图标，弹出图 11 的操作窗口，点击“启动”按钮，对应设备运行，同时
关闭操作窗口，该运行设备底色由红色变为绿色。若需停止该设备，再次点击该设备图标，
弹出图 11 的操作窗口，点击“停止”按钮，该设备停止，同时关闭操作窗口，设备底色由绿
色变为红色。当设备故障时，该设备底色变为黄色。

Figure11 图 11

See Fig. 12 for description of color change of equipment status

设备状态颜色变化说明，详见图 12

Frequency
setting 频率
设定

Stop status
停止状态

running
state 运行
状态

Fault status
故障状态
Figure12 图 12
 Drying interface 烘干界面

Figure 13 图 13
Introduction: it shows the process flow of the drying system, the operating status, operating
frequency and real-time temperature of key points. Its operation method is similar to the above
carbonization interface, and will not be described.
介绍：显示烘干系统工艺流程、各设备的运行状态、运行频率和关键点实时温度，其操作方
法和上述炭化界面类似，不再做阐述。

Equipment status detection interface 设备状态检测界面

Figure 14 图 14
Introduction: display the operation status of all equipment in the production line, the operation
frequency and key point temperature of frequency conversion control equipment.
介绍：显示生产线所有设备的运行状态，变频控制的设备运行频率和关键点温度。

One button start-up time setting interface 一键开机时间设置界面

Figure15 图 15

Introduction: display the one button start-up time setting. If the one button start-up function is
required, the start-up time of all equipment must be set to be greater than 0. Note that the
numerical units in the input box are "minute" and "second". And switch all the equipment in the
mode selection interface to "automatic" mode. There is a "one button start-up" button in the
carbonization main interface and the drying main interface, which needs to be pressed for more
than 3 seconds, The equipment on the corresponding interface can be started according to the
set time. The value in the input box has the power-off holding function to hold the last input
number. Click "next" in the lower right corner to enter the interface shown in Figure 16.
介绍：显示一键开机时间设置，若需使用一键开机功能，所有设备的开机时间都需设置大于
0，注意输入框中的数值单位，有“分”和“秒”两种，并且将模式选择界面的设备全部切换为“自
动”模式，炭化主界面和烘干主界面各有一个“一键开机”按钮，需按压大于 3 秒，方可按设
定时间启动对应界面的设备。输入框中的数值具备断电保持功能，保持最后一次输入数字。
点击右下角“下一页”，进入图 16 界面。
 One button shutdown time setting interface 一键关机时间设置界面

Figure 16 图 16
Introduction: it displays the setting of one button shutdown time. If the one key shutdown
function is required, the shutdown time of all equipment must be set to be greater than 0. Note
that the numerical unit in the input box includes "minute" and "second". The carbonization main
interface and the drying main interface each have a "one button shutdown" button, which needs
to be pressed for more than 3 seconds before the equipment on the corresponding interface can
be stopped according to the set time. The value in the input box has the power-off holding
function to hold the last input number.
介绍：显示一键关机时间设置，若需使用一键关机功能，所有设备的关机时间都需设置大于
0，注意输入框中的数值单位，有“分”和“秒”两种，炭化主界面和烘干主界面各有一个“一键
关机”按钮，需按压大于 3 秒，方可按设定时间停止对应界面的设备。输入框中的数值具备
断电保持功能，保持最后一次输入数字。

Mode selection interface 模式选择界面

 Figure17 图 17
Introduction: display the startup mode of the equipment, click the gray "manual" button to
switch to the blue "automatic" mode, and vice versa. If you need to use the one button startup
function, you need to switch all the equipment to the "automatic" mode. The carbonization
main interface and the drying main interface each have a "one button startup" button, which
needs to be pressed for more than 3 seconds to start the equipment on the corresponding
interface according to the set time, and the one button shutdown function, Both "manual" and
"automatic" modes are available.
介绍：显示设备启动模式，点击灰色“手动”按钮，即切换至蓝色“自动”模式，反之亦然，若
需使用一键开机功能，需将设备全部切换为“自动”模式，炭化主界面和烘干主界面各有一个
“一键开机”按钮，需按压大于 3 秒，方可按设定时间启动对应界面的设备，一键关机功能，
在“手动”和“自动”模式下皆可。

Temperature curve interface 温度曲线界面

Figure 17 图 18
Introduction: display the real-time temperature of the key points of the production line and
 form a curve to facilitate the customer operator to view the real-time temperature and review
the historical temperature.
介绍：显示生产线关键点的实时温度，并形成曲线，方便客户操作人员查看实时温度和回看
历史温度。

Alarm information interface 报警信息界面

Before
response
响应前

After
response
响应后 Historical
alarm 历史
Real time 报警
alarm 实时
报警

图 19
Introduction: display the real-time and historical alarm information of the production line. When
the production line has equipment alarm, the real-time alarm bar and the historical alarm bar
simultaneously display the alarm information (red font). The real-time alarm bar blinks. Double
click an alarm message to respond (blue font). The historical alarm information has the function
of power-off maintenance.
介绍：显示生产线实时和历史报警信息，生产线有设备报警时，实时报警栏和历史报警栏同
时显示报警信息（红色字体），实时报警栏闪烁，双击某条报警信息响应（蓝色字体），历
史报警信息具备断电保持功能。
 Standby function interface 备用功能界面

Standby
motor 备用
电机

system time
setting 系统
temperature
时间设置
compensation
温度补偿

Figure 20 图 20
Introduction: display the standby functions of the whole system, including temperature
compensation, standby motor and system time setting.
介绍：显示整套系统备用功能，分别为：温度补偿、备用电机和系统时间设置。
Temperature compensation - when there is a difference between the temperature display value
on the touch screen and the instrument, the instrument display shall prevail
(if the instrument is damaged, it shall be replaced in time). At this time, the
temperature of the corresponding point can be compensated in the
temperature compensation area to make the two temperatures consistent;
温度补偿 ——当触摸屏上温度显示值和仪表有差异时，以仪表显示为准（若仪表损坏需
及时更换），此时可在温度补偿区对相应点位温度进行补偿，使二者温度
一致；
Standby motor - two sets of motor circuits will be standby in the electric control cabinet of each
system (the specific power shall be subject to the supporting drawings), and
the standby motor circuit will operate here;
备用电机 ——每套系统电控柜内会备用两套电机回路（具体功率以配套图纸为准），备
用电机回路在此处操作；
System time setting - the customer can set the date and time according to the needs, so as to
interface with the central control system and form the general control
production time record.
系统时间设置 ——客户可根据需要，自行设置日期时间，以便和中控系统对接，形成总控
生产时间记录。

5.2.7.2.2 Detailed description of temperature and pressure parameter area

温度压力参数区详细说明
The temperature and pressure parameter area is the key area of the whole production line
of the carbonization equipment, which has a great impact on the safe operation of the
carbonization equipment, the quality of the produced carbon, and the production efficiency of
 the production line. Therefore, this area is set as the normal fixed viewing mode (that is, all the
main functional areas are fixed and must be displayed, and can be viewed by switching any
functional area). The area is initially set with inlet temperature of flue gas of dryer, outlet
temperature of flue gas of dryer, pressure of carbonizer (mechanical type), outlet temperature of
combustible gas, outlet temperature of flue gas of main furnace kiln, outlet temperature of flue
gas of auxiliary furnace kiln and exhaust gas temperature of spray tower (some of them are
available). Our company has reserved collection ports, and in the later stage, we can also collect
the data according to the needs of customers on site, Add new part acquisition value (if it is
necessary to add new part acquisition value, please contact our company and communicate with
our electrical engineer before implementation). 温度压力参数区为炭化设备整条生产线关键
区，对炭化设备的安全运行操作、生产炭的品质好坏、生产线的生产效率等都有很大的影响，
所以该区设定为常态固定查看模式（即各大主功能区都固定必须显示，切换任何功能区都可
查看）。该区初始设定有烘干机烟气进口温度、烘干机烟气出口温度、炭化机压力（机械式）、
可燃气出口温度、主炉窑烟气出口温度、副炉窑烟气出口温度、喷淋塔排烟温度（部分有）
等，我公司预留有采集端口，后期也可根据客户现场需要，增添新的部位采集数值（如果需
要新增部位采集数值，则需与我公司联系，与我公司电气工程师沟通后方可实施）。

Outlet
temperature of
combustible gas 可
Flue gas outlet
燃气出口温度
temperature of
main furnace 主炉
窑烟气出口温度
Flue gas outlet
temperature of
auxiliary furnace
副炉窑烟气出口
Flue gas inlet
温度
temperature of
dryer 烘干机烟气
进口温度

Flue gas outlet

temperature of
dryer 烘干机烟气
Standby
出口温度
temperature 备用
温度

Note: the carbonization furnace is a key component of the equipment, so the temperature and
pressure at the carbonization furnace are guaranteed by the dual instrument valve. The
carbonization furnace is equipped with a U-shaped pressure gauge (the U-shaped pressure gauge
has a pressure difference of about 5-9 mm); There will also be some errors between the
collection of electronic temperature thermocouple sensor of carbonization furnace and the
display of mechanical thermometer value. In principle, the value of electronic temperature
thermocouple sensor shall prevail (refer to the principle of control proximity and the principle of
meter valve accuracy).
注：炭化主机为设备关键部件，所以炭化主机处温度压力为双重仪表仪阀保障。炭化主机
配有 U 型压力计（U 型压力表约 5-9 毫米压差）；炭化主机电子温度热电偶传感器采集与机
械式温度表数值显示也会有一定的误差，原则上选取电子温度热电偶传感器数值为准（参
照控制就近原则和表阀精准性原则）。

Note: the setting of all the above touch screen values shall be subject to the on-site
setting of our installation and commissioning engineers, The customer is not allowed to modify

the parameter value without permission (if the customer needs to change the material and

handling capacity or set the panel value by himself, he must contact our company, and can only

change the material and handling capacity or set the panel value by himself after the professional

installation and commissioning engineer of our company gives the scheme or on-site

commissioning and trains the operating workers of the customer, otherwise the customer shall

be responsible for the consequences!).

注意：所有以上触摸屏数值的设定要以我公司安装调试工程师现场设定为准，不允许客户

私自进行修改参数值（客户如需要更换物料和处理量或自己设定面板数值，必须要与我公

司取得联系，并在我公司专业安装调试工程师给出方案或现场调试并培训客户方操作工人

后方可更换物料和处理量或自己设定数值，否则造成的后果由客户方负责承担！）。
5.2.7.2.3 Description of other matters 其他事项说明
The control system adopts Siemens PLC module integrated control. The PLC module is reserved
with the customer's general central control system port and other functional area control add
ports to facilitate the customer's later diversified add functions and access to new ports. If you
need these functions, please call our electrical engineer to participate in your electrical design
scheme and system integration, so as to provide you with a more convenient and humanized
automatic control system. 该控制系统采用西门子 PLC 模块集成控制，PLC 模块预留有客户
总中控系统端口和其它功能区控制添加端口，方便客户后期多元化添加功能和接入新端口操
作，如需要这些功能，请致电我公司电气工程师，参与贵司的电气设计方案和系统融合工作
之中，为贵司提供更加便捷、人性化的自动化控制系统。
5.3 Safe operation 安全运行
1. Before the start-up of each shift of production, the setting of equipment safety protection
facilities and the safety protection facilities of operators shall be checked, and the operators can
enter the operation post after confirming the safety;
每班次生产开机前应检查设备安全防护设施的设置情况，操作人员的安全防护设施等，确认
安全后方可进入操作岗位；
2. Do a good job in equipment inspection during production, closely monitor the operation of all
fans, and ensure that the production process cannot be stopped automatically; 做好生产中设备
巡查工作，密切监视各风机的运行情况，确保生产过程中不能自动停机；
3. Regularly check the water level of the circulating water tank and the operation of the cooling
pipeline, and replenish water in time; 定期检查循环水箱的水位，冷却管路的运行情况，及时
补水；
4. During the production process, pay close attention to the actual conditions of temperature
control, operation speed and pressure indication, and take corresponding measures in case of
abnormality; 生产过程当中应密切注视各温控，运行速度，压力指示的实际情况 ，发现异
常及时采取相应措施；
5. Pay close attention to the combustion of the auxiliary furnace. If too much combustible gas is
generated, it is necessary to immediately open the fifth combustion nozzle and manually ignite it
to help consume the excess combustible gas; 密切注视副炉的燃烧情况，如果产生的可燃气体
过多，需要立即开启第五只燃烧喷嘴并手动点燃，以帮助消耗掉多余的可燃气体；
6. In order to prevent the loss of production heat energy, all air ducts and flue gas dust collectors
of the equipment shall take effective thermal insulation measures; 为防止生产热能损耗，设备
所有风管，烟气除尘器均采取有效的保温措施；
7. Regularly check the lubrication of all reducers, fans, running bearings, carbonizers and dryers
and fill lubricating oil in time; 定期检查各减速机，风机，运行轴承，炭化机，烘干机的润滑
情况并及时加注润滑油；
8. Regularly check whether the thermocouple, pressure gauge and other monitoring equipment
are damaged or misaligned, and replace them in time if necessary; 定期检查热电偶、压力计等
监测设备是否损坏或失准，若有需及时更换；
9. Regularly check whether the wiring of the electric control cabinet is loose. After the
production is completed, turn off the main power and clean the dust in the electric control
cabinet to keep the electric control cabinet clean; 定期检查电控柜接线是否松动，生产完成后，
关断总电清理电控柜内灰尘，保持电控柜内洁净；
10. Strictly follow the equipment operation process, and provide full-time equipment safety
inspection personnel to monitor the whole process of the equipment; 严格遵守设备操作流程，
生产过程中配备专职设备安全巡检人员对设备进行全程不间断安全运行监控；
11. Each shift shall keep records of equipment operation status and make mutual disclosure
during shift handover; 各班次做好设备运行状况记录，班次交接时相互交底；
12. It is strictly prohibited for non operators to operate the equipment, and new employees shall
receive pre job training; 严禁非操作人员进行设备操作，新员工做好岗前培训工作；
13. When entering the workshop, the staff shall wear safety helmets, and the operators shall
wear corresponding safety helmets; 工作人员进入车间应佩戴安全帽进入车间，操作人员应佩
戴相应安全护具上岗；
14. It is forbidden to stand for a long time at the fire exit of the main furnace area and the
auxiliary furnace area, and safety warning signs shall be set; 主炉区副炉区火口出严禁长时间
站人，设置安全警示标牌；
15. No one is allowed to stand near the explosion-proof opening at the tail end of the
carbonization machine, and safety warning signs shall be set; 炭化机未尾端防爆口附近严禁站
人，设置安全警示标牌；
16. All high-temperature pipes of the production line shall be well insulated; Set safety warning
signs; 生产线所有高温管道做好保温；设置安全警示标牌；
17. Fire safety facilities and fire extinguishers shall be provided according to the specifications.
按规范配备消防安全设施及灭火器。

Note: the second item of equipment safety precautions and the fourth item of
precautions are consistent with the safety operation instructions, which shall be strictly
followed by the operator.
注：第二项设备使用安全事项和第四项中的注意与此项安全运行说明并行不悖，都需操作
者严格遵守。