COEP Technological University Pune
(A Public University of Government of Maharashtra, Pune-411005)
(MA- ) Differential Equations and Complex Algebra
F.Y. B.Tech. Spring Semester 2023-24 (E and TC, Electrical, Instru )
Tutorial 4
Topic : Applications of Ordinary Differential Equations
Co-ordinator : Dr. Kiran Dalvi
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1. A body starts moving from rest is opposed by a force per unit mass
of value cx and resistance per unit mass of value bv 2 , where x and v are
respectively the displacement and velocity of the body at that instant.
c cx
Show that the velocity of the body is given by v 2 = 2 (1 − e−2bx ) −
2b b
2. A paratrooper and his parachute weigh 50 kg. At the instant parachute
opens, he is travelling vertically downward at the speed of 20 m/s. If the
air resistance varies directly as the instantaneous velocity and it is 20 new-
tons when the velocity is 10 m/s, find the limiting velocity, the position
and the velocity of the paratrooper at any time t.
gt
(Ans : Velocity of the paratrooper is 5(5 − e− 25 ), the limiting velocity is
gt
− 25
25 m/s, position of the paratrooper is 25t − 125 g (1 − e ))
3. A boat is being towed at the rate 20 km per hour. At the instant
(t=0) that the towing line is cast off, a man in the boat begins to row in
the direction of motion exerting a force of 9 N. If the combined mass of the
man and boat is 225 kg and the resistance (N) is equal to 26.25 v, where
v is measured in m/s, find the speed of the boat after 1/2 minute.
(Ans : 3.5 m/s)
4. A spring of negligible weight hangs vertically. A mass m is attached to
the other end. If the mass is moving with velocity V0 when the spring is
unstretched, find the velocity v as a function of the stretch x (Take λ as
Young’s modulus of the spring).
(Ans : mv 2 = 2mgx − λx2 + mV02 )
1
5. Two identical loads are suspended from the end of a spring. Find
the motion imparted to one load if the other breaks loose in case the
increase in length of spring under action of one load at rest is ’a’.
g
q
(Ans : a cos( a t))
6. A mass of 2 kg is hung on a light spiral spring and produces a static
deflection of 1/4 m. A mass of 2 kg is suddenly added to the original mass.
Show that the maximum elongation produced is 0.75 m.
7. A pipe 20 cm in diameter contains steam at 1500 C and is protected
with a covering 5 cm thick for which k = 0.0025. If the temperature of
the outer surface of the covering is 400 C, find the termperature half-way
through the covering under steady-state conditions.
(Ans : 89.50 C)
8. A long hollow pipe has an inner diameter of 10 cm and outer diam-
eter of 20 cm. The inner surface is kept at 2000 C and the outer surface at
500 C. The thermal conductivity is 0.12. How much heat is lost per minute
from a portion of the pipe 20 meters long ? Find the termperature at a
distance x = 7.5 cm from the center of the pipe.
(Ans : 1956000 Cal, 1130 C)
9. For steady heat flow through the wall of a spherical shell of inner
and outer radii r1 and r2 respectively, the temperature T at a distance r
d2 T dT
from the center of the sphere is given by r 2 + 2 = 0. Integrate for T
dr dr
dT
by substituting = y if u1 and u2 are temperatures at inner and outer
dr
surfaces.
Find
T in terms of r.
Ans : r2 −r1 (u2 r2 − u1 r1 ) − r1 r2 (ur2 −u1 )
1
10. A tank contains 1000 gal of water in which initially 100 lb of salt
is dissolved. Brine runs in at a rate of 10 gal min, and each gallon contains
5 lb of dissoved salt. The mixture in the tank is kept uniform by stirring.
2
Brine runs out at 10 gal/min. Find the amount of salt in the tank at any
time t. (Ans : y(t) = 5000 − 4900 e−0.01t )
11. A tank contains 5000 liters of fresh water. Salt water which contains
100 gms of salt per liter flows into it at the rate of 10 liters per minute and
the mixture kept uniform by stirring, runs out at the same rate. When
will the tank contain 200, 000 gms of salt ?
(Ans : 4.25 hrs)
12. A tank contains 1000 gallons of water in which 200 lb of salt, are
dissolved. Fifty gallons of brine, each containing (1 + cos t) lb of dissolved
salt, runs into the tank per minute, the mixture kept uniform by stirring,
runs out at the same rate. Find the amount of salt y(t) in the tank at any
time t.
(Ans : y(t) = 1000 + 2.494 cos t + 49.88 sin t − 802.5 e−0.05t )
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As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not
certain, and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.
- Albert Einstein
