Training on

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

in
Renewable Energy Sector, Nepal
For
The Alternative Energy Promotion Center (AEPC) and related professionals

Using ArcGIS 10
EXERCISE MANUAL

Organized by:

Nepal GIS Society (NEGISS)

August 23-26, 2016

[email protected]
http://www.negiss.org.np

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 GIS Training Programme
Breakfast 08:30 to 09:00 everyday
DAY 1: 23 AUGUST 2016 (TUESDAY)
09:00 – 11:00: INTRODUCTION TO GIS CONCEPT (KP/SS/BND)
 Introduction to basic GIS, its development and windows of opportunities in the field of RE. :
 Introduction to GIS – why important for policy/planners/implementers
 Relevance of data for GIS – requirements, usage, outputs (for renewable energy)
11:00 – 11:15 Tea/coffee break
11:15 – 13:00 : GIS SOFTWARE AND SOFTWARE TOUR ((SS/BND/KP)
 GIS software – different types, relevance, usage, costs,
 Installation of ArcGIS 10.in the PC
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch
14:00 – 15:30: HANDS ON EXERCISE ((BND/ SS/ KP)
 Getting to know ArcGIS software,
 Use GIS tools to find features that meet specific criteria
15:30 – 15:45: Tea/coffee break
15:45 – 17:00: IDENTIFICATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL DATA SOURCES ((KP/ SS/BND)
 Topo Sheet
 Aerial photographs
 Satellite Imageries
 Google Map/Imageries
 GPS
 Social Survey Data

DAY 2: 24 AUGUST 2016 (WEDNESDAY)

09:00 – 11:00: GEOGRAPHICAL DATA HANDLING ((SS/BND/KP)
 Concept of finding and organizing geographic data layers and values/records
 Hands-on exercise of geo-referencing

11:00 – 11:15 Tea/coffee break

11:15 – 13:00 Hands on Exercise on creating GIS data (BND/SS/KP)
 Create shape files/layers from hard copy map
 Create shape files from Imageries
 Create shape files from GPS
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch
14:00 – 15:30 - Concept of Geoprocessing and Spatial Analysis (SS/BND/KP)
15:30 – 15:45 Tea/coffee break
15:45 – 17:00 Hands-on-exercise (BND/SS/KP)
 Select,
 clip,
 overlay,
 proximity

DAY 3: 25 AUGUST 2016 (THURSDAY)

09:00 – 11:00 WORKING WITH ATTRIBUTE DATA IN RENEWABLE ENERGY (KP/SS/BND)
 Searching/identification of various sources of attribute data in renewable energy – Solar,
Wind, Bio-fuel Hydropower
 Organizing attribute data
11:00 – 11:15 Tea/coffee break
11:15-13:00 Hands on Exercise (SS/BND/KP)
 Create Data Table
 Linking attribute and spatial data
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  Mapping and visualization

13:00 – 14:00 Lunch

13:00-13:00 Hands on Exercise Continue..
 Linking attribute and spatial data
 Mapping and visualization

15:30 – 15:45 Tea/coffee break

15:45 – 17:00 Hands-on-exercise continue (KP/SS/BND)
 Analyze GIS data to solve common spatial problems
 Apply a standard process to obtain reliable results from different types of GIS analyses

DAY 4: 26 AUGUST 2016 (FRIDAY)

09:00 – 10:30 CONCEPT OF MAP AND MAP VISUALIZATION (SS/BND/KP)
 Efficiently find, visualize, and manage geographic data
11:00 – 11:15 Tea/coffee break
11:15 – 13:00
 Integrate ArcGIS services into web maps and web applications (BS/SS/BND/KP)
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch
14:00-15:30 - Publish geoprocessing services to share GIS models and results (BS/SS/BND/KP)
15:30 – 15:45 Tea/coffee break
15:45 – 17:00 WAY FORWARD ON APPLICATION OF GIS IN RE (BS/SS/BND/KP)
 Networking
 Training Evaluation
 Closing

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 ABOUT THE TRAINING MANUAL

This training manual is prepared by the Nepal GIS Society for the purpose of enhancing capability of
participants in Geoinformaiton technology. Manual is based on the product guidelines of ESRI,
Redlands, USA and modified as of the Nepalese context with a noble purpose on enhancing the
philosophical ground, scientific achievements and knowledge level. This manual contains only the
hands-on exercise steps in concise form. For further advancement, suggests advance readings
available elsewhere.

1. Overview of the Training

1.1 Background
Nepal GIS Society (NEGISS) is a non-profitable organization established in 1995. The society is
going ahead with more than 200 professional members and carrying out various activities. One of the
activities is conducting training programme that the GIS Society has already conducted more than
three dozens of training programme in different levels on various occasions to the participants of
different institutes, individuals and students in Nepal. The NEGISS is promoting the GIS tools,
methods and approaches for the development issues. This training programme is going to conduct on
demand base for the professional/officials of alternative Energy Promotion Center (AEPC) and other
energy related professionals of Government of Nepal and related institutions within the financial
support of the World Bank Nepal from 23-26 August 2016.

1.2 Objectives

The main objective of the training is to enhance and strengthen the capacities of institution/s through
providing training to the officials in utilizing geographic information, and applying spatial tools and
techniques in Renewable Energy (RE). More specifically, the course aims to introduce the topics of
Introduction to basic GIS, its development and windows of opportunities in the field of RE covers:
a) Introduction to GIS – why important for policy/planners/implementers
b) Relevance of data for GIS – requirements, usage, outputs (for renewable energy)
c) GIS software – different types, relevance, usage, costs
d) GIS fundamentals – it will cover the following sub-contents
- Find and organize geographic data
- Create, work with, and share GIS maps
- Use GIS tools to find features that meet specific criteria
- Author high-quality GIS maps
- Efficiently find, visualize, and manage geographic data
- Analyze GIS data to solve common spatial problems
- Apply a standard process to obtain reliable results from different types of GIS
analyses
- Automate analysis workflows using geoprocessing models
- Share analysis workflows and results
- Author and publish map services
- Publish feature services to enable web-based data editing
- Create image services to provide fast access to imagery
- Publish geoprocessing services to share GIS models and results
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 - Integrate ArcGIS services into web maps and web applications
Based on this specific aims of the training an intensive discussion on way forward will be taken
place at the end of the practical session. However, the training will also be followed after the
findings of an intensive workshop held as a pre-training modality.

1.3 Methods of the training

The specific GIS application in RE will be the main guiding principle of the training. The part of
training will be highlighting the concept of software level application in specific sector of RE and
also the resource persons deliver content based introductory concepts and its application with
reference to different sectors of RE. The theoretical ground will be tailored by the hands-on exercise
based on the software. The concept of spatial thinking, database models and structures, concept and
mock of what-where mapping (positional stand point of geographical object/s) at field, geo-
processing exercises and knowledge on spatial analysis as well as the dissemination modalities of
output will be the coverage of the training.

The ArcGIS ver 10x software of Environmental System Research Institute (ESRI) Redland USA, is
the basic software use throughout the practical session.

1.4 Target Participants

This training is targeted to the technical/professional staff of AEPC, Government of Nepal including
other institutions related with the Renewable Energy with working knowledge of computer and
preferably with some prior exposure of GIS. In total 20 participants will be in the training.

1.5 Expected outcomes

The participants will acquire knowledge and skills on GIS to RE. The participants will be exposed to
GIS software tool (i.e ArcGIS 10) for handling spatial information, analysis and presentation. The
participants will be also exposed to the range of potential applications in preparing professional
maps.

1.6 GIS capacity building

The training course will contain about 30% theory and 70% practical hands-on exercise. The hands-
on exercises will contain the datasets of RE related from Nepal in order to make the work more
relevant.

1.7 Learning Goals

 Understand the concept of Geo-Information and their RE applications.
 Enable to understand various sources of data capturing methods in GIS (analog map, GPS
and Satellite imageries)
 Understand the concepts of GIS database management system
 Acquaint with handling raster and vector spatial analysis techniques.
 Enable to bring different outputs with professional map.
 Understand to use geo-information tools for carrying out the project

1.8 Venue and Logistics

The training will take place in the Training Room of Hotel Greenwich, Sanepa Lalitpur with full
power back up. Training manuals, Computer Based Training (CBT) materials as well as full set of
day menu (breakfast, lunch, tea/coffee) will be provided.
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1.9 Training Duration
Training is conducted from 09:00 to 17:00 hours a day between 23rd to 26 August 2016. The
resources persons with specific topics as given in the schedule will follow accordingly.

2. About Geoinformation

Recent reflection of the overall trend within society towards increasing reliance on the computer as a
data handling and data analysis tool is becoming a part of science and art. The use of computers is
twofold. First, extremely large and complex data sets can be both compactly store and rapidly
retrieve with mechanical accuracy. The use of automated techniques also, of necessity, imposes
uniformity in both storage formats and methods for handling data. Second, many of the quantitative
and analytical techniques developed in the earth/social sciences and many other disciplines are
limited in their practical applications. Computers provide the capability to deal with the large
volumes of observational data handling. At the same time the rapid changes in information
communication technology have turned satellite imagery into a high value-added product. The
integration of data from analog paper map, Remote Sensing (RS) Global Positioning System (GPS),
and various other sources enhanced the use of computer technology. Therefore, the computer-based
GIS are becoming necessary to the best advantage of the users.

Governmental agencies as a response to a new awareness and the agency in dealing with complex
environmental and natural resources issues developed the first GIS in the middle 1960s. In the latter
half of 1980s, Geographic Information System (GIS) has been developed as a field of scientific
discipline based on both real world information as well as advanced electronic technology. In the
beginning of 21st century GIscience (including tools, systems and science related with the spatial
database handling and application for social welfare and economic development) is becoming one of
the prominent scientific disciplines. The advancement of communication technology, computer
application and realization of geographic data on social welfare and economic planning has been
introducing the new concept of database management and using of GIS like geodatabase, database
infrastructure, data mining, GIS portal and webGIS. It is also integrated with other sciences of data
acquisitions and analysis. Therefore GIS is becoming useful tool, system and science to interpret the
natural and social phenomena in a 'holistic approach'.

3. Objective of the training course

The main objective of the present course is to give basic ideas of GIS for the beginners and one step
ahead in handling geographical data for spatial issues and problem solving as cross-cutting
applications in the field of RE, specifically in ArcGIS environment. ArcGIS is one of the latest
developed professional GIS packages of the Environmental System Research Institute (ESRI),
Redland, USA. The previous version of the ESRI products i.e. ArcInfo and ArcView software
packages are more common in the market but the latest and more versatile version of ArcGIS. Nepal
GIS Society realizes its importance and felt need to give orientation to the native users to this
software environment, therefore present short term training is scheduled. It is to be noted that week
long training on ArcGIS environment alone may not possible to understand the whole crux of the
GIS and software, despite this; it is true that this training can definitely strengthen the capacity of the
trainee and shed light on the need of the discipline and capability of the software in various aspect.
This will create base of GIS application in the RE field. The exercise manual is a concise form of the
hands-on-exercise based on local contextual database and examples.

4. About the software

In this course, we will be working with ESRI's ArcGIS 10 software. ArcGIS is considered to be the
industry standard for professional GIS users. Since version 8.0, ArcGIS has been a Windows-based
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GIS program -- a significant departure from the structure of versions 7.x and older, which used
command line DOS- or UNIX-based interfaces.
Although, there are ArcGIS 10.3 version in the market, because of availability and easy to install,
ArcGIS 10 is used here and also there are not much difference in basic use. The software structured
around three main modules: ArcCatalog, ArcToolbox, and ArcMap. These modules represent three
basic necessities of GIS: data entry and management, data analysis, and data output/mapping. In this
lab we will cover these modules in greater depth, as well as discover some of their key
functionalities.
For this training purpose Nepal GIS society has received ArcGIS 10 software from the courtesy of
Nepasoft Solution Pvt.Ltd, Kathmandu (an authorized marketing organization of ESRI products in
Nepal) which will be exclusively used for the training.

ArcGIS 10 is structured around three main modules: ArcCatalog, ArcToolbox, and ArcMap. These
modules represent the three basic necessities of GIS: data management, data analysis, and data
output/mapping. In this lab we will cover these modules in greater depth, as well as discover some of
their key functionality.

5. Additional Information

Additional information on ArcGIS software can be found through the ArcGIS web site
(http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcinfo/index.html), and through the ESRI Virtual Campus
web site (www.campus.esri.com), which offers several free tutorials on ArcGIS and ArcGIS
extensions.

6. Lab Exercise

The example databases are taken from the GISTRN database of the Nepal GIS Society. All the
exercise will be based on real case data by which participants will feel easy to understand. The
illustration and examples will follow according to the need of the exercise as well.

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 Day- 1
Hands on Exercise

ArcGIS Software Installation and Overview of ArcGIS

• Installation of ArcGIS 10.0 PC based single user

• Getting software ArcGIS 10.0
• See laptop configuration (hard disk memory, RAM, Processor)
•
• Insert DVD/ USB drive in PC
• Wait for the instruction
• Follow the instruction given by the software
• Click on next and browser
• You have to go for acceptance of copyright point
• Click on complete installation
• Then wait for the installation complete
• Then see the license installation using instructors’ advice
• RUN ArcGIS Administrator
• Click on ARCINFO and Localhost
• You will get the license bar
• OK

Also copy exercise data as given

Create a working folder in your PC at D:\ drive as GISTRN

Copy all the data given in the folder D:\GISTRN\GIS_DATA

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 Getting to know ArcGIS, tools and properties

Getting to know ArcGIS 10

To complete the exercise of the entire manual you need to have ArcGIS 10 software on your PC and
exercise data.

1: Getting Started

 Logging in

To log into the PC computers, your instructor will guide you accordingly

A: Working with ArcCatalog

Introduction to ArcCatalog

ArcCatalog is the ArcGIS module used for organizing, browsing, and managing your data and map
documents, as well as for viewing and editing metadata. In many ways, ArcCatalog is similar to
Windows Explorer. For instance, when you modify a file's location, or create or delete a file, you do
not need to save the changes -- it is done automatically. Since it is easy to delete files this way, you
should be careful to delete only when you are sure that you will not need the file any longer.

 Starting ArcCatalog
Now we will start ArcCatalog and explore its contents. To start ArcCatalog, click on the
button and navigate to All Programs -> ArcGIS -> ArcCatalog.

Click on Start Menu, go to all programs and see where is ArcGIS. Now you can see down drop
option inside the ArcGIS 10.
Click on ArcCatalog

ArcCatalog is about the data management where you can see your data directory and folder.
Click on ArcCatalog, you can see the window like this with different facilities.

ArcCatalog is similar in structure to Windows Explorer. On the left hand side is a view of the
Catalog "tree" showing how the data is organized. The right hand side provides options for
exploring the contents of the data shown in the Catalog tree. You will notice that there are different
icons used to represent the available folders and their contents. When ArcCatalog is initiated, it
automatically looks for folders containing spatial data. Any spatial data it finds will be given a
special icon to indicate the specific type of data in the file or folder.

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Here you have to search your folder and connect
it . your PC has a D:\GISTRN directory
Open the D:\ GISTRN. Now you can connect
your data directory D:\ GISTRN\ GIS_Data .
For this follow accordingly,

You have to give your directory and search the

folder D:\ GISTRN\GIS_DATA. and click OK

Now you will get the folder in your screen

You can click on folder GIS_DATA

. You can see your data inside

Here you can see ArcCatalog

Content with different data given for
your exercise

 How data are represented:

Main icons of ArcGIS 10

Icons Description Ico Description

ns
Folder connection containing Coverage - Polygon
geographic data (Workspace)
Folder containing geographic data - Coverage - Arc
inside a Workspace (second level)
Folder containing no geographic Coverage - Point
data
Map document Coverage feature class - Polygon
Geodatabase Coverage feature class - Arc
Geodatabase feature dataset Coverage feature class - Tic
Geodatabase feature class - Polygon Coverage feature class - Label
Geodatabase feature class - Arc Shapefile - Polygon
Geodatabase feature class - Point Shapefile - Arc
Geodatabase feature class - Shapefile - Point
Annotation
Grid data

Outside of the areas for exploring the catalog folders and their contents, there are several menus and
toolbars associated with ArcCatalog. To find out what a particular button does, hold your cursor
over the button for several seconds. A note will appear telling the function associated with the
button, and a more informative description will appear on the bottom of the ArcCatalog window. If
you hold your cursor over the upward pointing arrow (the first button directly under 'File'), you will
see a note reading 'Up One Level,' and the bottom of the window will read 'Go to the next level up in
the catalog tree').

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Connecting to your data

To access your data in ArcCatalog you have several choices. If there is already a connection to the
drive with your data, you can navigate down the catalog tree until you find your data folder. This,
however, has the potential for causing quite a bit of clutter and confusion if your data is more than
one or two folders down from the drive connection. A second option is to create a direct connection
to your data. A direct connection will help avoid clutter in that you can make a connection straight
to the folder holding
your data, rather
than having to
navigate through
other folders. It is
also a necessary step if the drive with your data is not shown in the Catalog tree (i.e.,if you are using
data saved on your network drive). An example of a direct connection can be seen in the graphic
above. D:\ GISTRN\GIS_DATA is a direct connection to a local data folder on the D: drive).

□ To connect to your data, click on the "Connect to Folder" button.

□ Navigate to the folder containing your data for this lab (In this example:
D:\GISTRN\GIS_DATA by giving proper path and directory in the window

□ Select the folder (it will be highlighted in blue), and then click "OK”.

A direct connection to your data folder will now appear in the CatalogTree.

What can be done in ArcCatalog?

For organizing data, ArcCatalog is quite easy to use. However, if you delete, move, or otherwise
alter the data using ArcCatalog, it is permanent (i.e., if you delete a coverage, it is GONE--you
cannot retrieve it). Data organizing in ArcCatalog is very similar to that in Windows Explorer. You
can drag and drop coverages, shapefiles, or geodatabases into new workspaces, or you can use the
Windows shortcut keys (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-X and Ctrl-V for copy, cut and paste, respectively).
Try this out by copying and pasting your lab data into a new folder.

Browsing through your data is simple using ArcCatalog. The Catalog tree displays in a hierarchical
fashion all of the items in the Catalog, much like how data browsing is done through programs such
as Windows Explorer. A folder that contains files will have a box with a plus or minus sign to the
left of the file name. This indicates whether the folder has been expanded.

Take a moment to explore the data in the Catalog tree. You can use the arrow buttons on your
keyboard, or your mouse to navigate. While navigating, pay
attention to the changes that take place on the right hand side of
the ArcCatalog window.

The right-hand side of the Catalog allows you to examine the

data further. For instance, select the district shapefile. If you
then click on the "Contents" tab on the right hand side of the
window, you will see a name and type of data file and its icon.

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If you click on the "Preview" tab, you will see a preview of the data geography or the data attribute
table. To change from
geography view to table
view (or vice versa),
change the value listed
in the preview pulldown
menu at the bottom of
the Window.

Click your mouse on those menu you will view

the following info of your data catalog. Read carefully and understand.

Options for the METADATA

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You have to go through the Menu Bar and see the working environment within ArcCatalog

Beside these options, you can Right Click on the Catalog Tree and see the further options about the
Data creation and management. Once you get familiar with these options then you can move forward

Finding data in ArcCatalog

When previewing tabular data in ArcCatalog, it is

possible to search for specific entries in the table. To do
this, open to the table view, and click on the Options
button, then Find.

Clicking on the Find option will open the Find window where
you can enter a text string to search for. You can search down the
attribute list, up the attribute list, or search all of the attribute list.
Once the first match has been found, you can look for further
matches by clicking on the 'Find Next' button.

As well as finding data, you can also add fields to the table,
reload the table to view recent changes, or export the table as a ".dbf file" (a format readable by
many spreadsheet programs, including Microsoft Excel), Geodatabase tables, ASCII text files and
Arc/Info coverage Info tables.

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 B: Working with ArcToolbox

Introduction to ArcToolbox

ArcToolbox is the ArcGIS module used for data processing, analysis, and conversion. It contains a
large set of tools that allow for more specialized or complicated operations than those available in the
various other modules. ArcToolbox also provides a means for the user to write scripts and create
customized tools to fit specialized needs.

 Starting ArcToolbox
To start ArcToolbox, click on the ArcToolbox icon in ArcCatalog or ArcMap.

 What is in ArcToolbox?

Although ArcToolbox is one of the major ArcGIS modules, it is

actually "embedded" in the other modules such as ArcCatalog and
ArcMAP -- rather than standing alone. It appears as a docked window
inside them when you call it up:

ArcToolbox is organized in a fashion similar to the catalog tree in

ArcCatalog and ArcMAP. If you click on any of the headings, a short
description of the tools under that heading is listed at the bottom of the
ArcToolbox window. By clicking on the + next to a tool heading (Data
Management Tools, Analysis Tools, etc.) you can view the tools
available under that heading.

For an overview of all of the functions of a tool set, click help after
right-clicking.

To run a tool, simply double-click on the specific tool you want to use. This will open a window for
setting the various file inputs and outputs and other options related to the tool.
Take a few minutes to explore the Toolbox and get a sense of what kinds of tools are available.

C: Working with ArcMap

Introduction to ArcMap

ArcMap is the ArcGIS module used for mapping -- creating, viewing, querying, editing, composing,
and publishing maps. ArcMap is what you will be using for the majority of your GIS work.

 Starting ArcMap

ArcMap can be opened via the Start menu (Start -> Programs -> ArcGIS -> ArcMap) or from
ArcCatalog (click on the ArcMap icon in the toolbar). In addition, you can open ArcMap by
double-clicking on a map document in ArcCatalog.

When you first start ArcMap, you may see the window carrying the message on.

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This window provides the
options to 1) create a new
map, 2) create a new map
using a map template, 3)
open an existing map,or 4)
open the last map you
were using. Here we will
most often use options 1
and 3 (creating a new
map, and opening existing
maps).

 About ArcMap

The top portion of the ArcMap window contains the menu and toolbars. You can change which
toolbars are displayed by right-clicking on the top portion of the window (the gray part) and selecting
which menu you need or don't need (As seen in the image above).

The left portion of ArcMap shows a tree display of the layers (the "layer tree") added to the map (and
whether or not they are currently displayed). To the right hand side you can see the ArcCatalog and
Search Menu. By using these menus we can search and drag the folder to bring in the ArcMap
Content Tree.

Thre are different ways to maintain table of content. By list of drawing order, list of sources, list of
visibility, list by selection and other options are available on the top of Table of Content. For further
options we can get follow-up window and we can go accordingly.

The Display tab shows the layer name,

whether or not the layer is displayed (if
there is a check mark in the box next to
the name, the layer is being displayed),
and how the layer is displayed (to see
this, click on the + to the left of the name
to expand the display). The Source tab
shows the appropriate layer icon (same as
seen in ArcCatalog), as well as the
location (or "source") of the data. Lastly,
the Selection tab shows a list of the layers
in the active data frame and lets you
check the ones you want to make
selectable.

The right portion of ArcMap provides a view of the data. You can select to view the data in "Data
View" or in "Layout View":.

The globe icon represents the 'Data View', and the sheet of paper icon represents the 'Layout View'.
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In the Data View, you can zoom in and out, pan, identify, select, etc. the data in this portion by using
the available tools:

Try zooming in and out and otherwise exploring the data using the above tools. At the lower left of
the viewer window you can see the line of four icons. Following these icons you can switch to
viewer window and layout window, Refresh and pause

Following icons and options you can play a while by

displaying, zooming in zooming out and other options.

 Making a map layout for cartographic output

After exploring the Data View, go to the Layout View. You can do this by either clicking on the
sheet of paper icon at the bottom of the view window, or by selecting View-> Layout View.
A new set of tools are provided for exploration of the layout:

In Layout View, you also may use the Data View tools to zoom in / out / pan, etc. These tools will
only affect the extent of the spatial data being displayed in the map layout. Layout View also has its
own tools for zoom in / out / pan, indicated with a little white box under the magnifying glass or
hand (see above). These layout view tools affect the extent of the layout sheet (e.g., paper) being
displayed on the screen. Try experimenting with the layout tools.

To insert a title, legend, neatline, etc. on your map, click on Insert and select the object that you
would like to add. Experiment with adding information to your map. Try adding a title, legend,
scalebar, north arrow, and your name. You can delete any of these objects by selecting clicking
(select) and then pressing the "Del" key. You will make this map more appealing later in the lab. For
now, do not save your changes.

 Adding data / creating your own

map
Now that we have spent some time with
a created map, let's make our own. In
ArcMap, you cannot have two map
documents (.mxd files) open at the same
time, so to open a new map document,
we either need to open a new ArcMap
window or close the existing map
document. For this portion of the lab
exercise , click on File -> New (or you
can use the shortcut key "Ctrl-N" or
click on the new file button on the menu bar), and select "Blank document" in the My Template tab.
To add data to a map document, there are several options:
1. Use the "Add data" button on the ArcMap toolbar
2. Navigate to File -> Add data
3. Drag and drop data from ArcCatalog. With both ArcCatalog and ArcMap open, left click on
the data that you want to add to your map document--hold the mouse button down, do not
release the button yet.

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If you can see both the Catalog tree in ArcCatalog
and the view window in ArcMap, drag the data
straight from ArcCatalog to the view window in
ArcMap. Release the mouse button and drop the
data in ArcMap. If you can not see both the
Catalog tree and the ArcMap view window, click
on the data in ArcCatalog, drag it down over the
ArcMap button in the menu bar (still pressing the
mouse button) until the ArcMap window opens.
Then drop the data in the ArcMap view window.

Try each of these methods, and add Wards, Landuse, Road Services etc shapefiles to your new map
document Select each layer one-by-one or together by Shift + Mouse Click to each and select all.
Then go to Add Now you will view your data layer/s as

Since it is likely that you will open data from both your network drive and from copies on your local
drive, it is helpful to use a "relative path" to your data. This will be handy if you copy your lab data
folder to a local drive to work, or if you move it from one drive to another. If you do not store your
data sources as relative path names, you will run into the problem of ArcMap looking for the data on
the last drive which you used. For example suppose you create a map document with your data
located in D:\ GISTRN\GIS_DATA and you then copy the entire folder to another drive. When you
open the map document from the new folder, it will still look for the data in D:\
GISTRN\GIS_DATA The relative path name tells ArcMap to look for the data in the same relative
location to the map document (e.g., in the same data folder, or wherever it is in relation to the map
document).

To set your map document to use relative path names, click on File -> Document Properties, select
"Data Source Options", and "Store relative path names to data sources" Click OK. Note: You will
probably want to do this with ALL map documents that you create in this course. Occasionally, even
if you set the map document to use relative path names you will still have problems with "broken
sources." These will be indicated by a red ! next to the layer's name: . To fix this
problem, go to Properties -> Source ,and re-set the appropriate data source by clicking on the "Set
Data Source" button.

Familiarization of the Arc Map menu and tools Menu Bar

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 Day- 2
Hands on Exercise

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 Session I
Georeferencing spatial data

More specifically the exercise will cover:

 Concept of Geo-referencing
 Handling Geo-referencing spatial data from the scanned Topo Sheet

The scenario is that you have been hired to build a GIS database for a new section of a district. Your
contract is to create a GIS database of road and other utility services. You also have to create features
representing roads, such as highway, feeder roads, major trail, and minor trail. Your first project is to
digitize the road features. You are given a scanned paper map that represents the topographic
features.

Step 1: Add the scanned map in your view

 Open ArcCatalog
 Go to the Scanned map folder D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data Open ArcMap
 Drag and drop D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \ topo_scan.jpg into ArcMap from
ArcCatalog
 Zoom IN and OUT of the scanned map (you will see band1, 2, and 3 with different color
assignment)

In this scanned topo map you will see four

coordinate grid labeled i.e. 28 degree 07
minutes 30 second (28.125º), 28 degree 15
minutes and 00 second (28.25º degrees)
North Latitude and 84 degrees, 00 minutes
and 00 seconds (84.00º) and 84 degrees 07
minutes and 30 seconds (84.125º) East
Longitude. Now point out four crossing
point of the coordinate precisely.

Map Location DMS DD

1 X = 84° 00’00’’ Y= 28° 07’ 30’’ x = 84.00º y = 28.125º
2 X = 84° 00’ 00’’ Y= 28°15’00’’ x = 84.00º y = 28.25º
3 X = 84° 07’ 30’’ Y= 28°15’00’’ x = 84.125º y = 28.25º
4 X = 84° 07’ 30’’ Y= 28°07’30’’ x = 84.125º y = 28.125º
Note: In this operation software accepts only DD, therefore, you need to convert DMS to DD by
doing 60 seconds equal to 1 minutes and 60 minutes equal to 1 degree

Step 2: Georeference the scanned map

 Right click your mouse in ArcMap window on the top
 You will get the dropdown menu bar
 Select Georeferencing and click left mouse

Now you will see the menu added on the top

 Click on dropdown menu of Georeferencing

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  Remove active sign from Auto Adjust

 Now highlight the Box

 Click the location of coordinate crossing point you marked before

 You will get the link table active

 Update the value of XMap and YMap
according to your real geographic
coordinate

 Repeat this action for four crossing point of

the map
 Save this coordinate value in your working
directory as :..\coordi_point
 Click OK
 Go to the dropdown menu of
Georeferencing
 Click on Rectify
 Give your Working directory and file name

 D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \
topo_scan.jpg \Rectify_topoj.tiff Save it
Or
 You can Load your Coordi_point (.txt)
file
 Update your display

Now your scanned Topo will rectify to the real

geographic coordinate you have typed in the previous BOX i.e. XMAP and YMAP. To see the
changes of the coordinate value, move your mouse on the map where you could see changing the
map coordinate value in the lower right screen.

This exercise will give you the idea of:

1. Georeferencing of scanned data or tiff and jpeg images/files
2. Transformation of geographic coordinate system
3. Basic ground for the Projection
Now, we can create different shape files based on geographic features/themes.

Before and after Georeference

We can see only the scanner reference

Here we can see the real world coordinate we entered

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 Session II
Spatial Data Management
(Define, Projection and Transformation of Geographic Data)

GIS data are encoded with certain units, the spatial components of each feature (lines, points and
polygons) are projected using a mathematically defined coordinate system transformation. The earth
is round and maps are flat. Map projections flatten the round earth. ArcGIS recognizes a bewildering
number of projections and coordinate systems, but in practice only a limited subset of these are used.
ArcGIS has attempted to remedy problems associated with dealing with projections with "projections
on the fly". Essentially ArcGIS will try to recognize what projection your data have, if this
information is not already explicitly defined (the .prj component of the shapefile contains this
information), and then open them in ArcMap. Sometimes this works, sometimes it doesn't.

In this hands-on exercise a raw scanned topo map of Birgunj Sub-Metropolitan City area has been
used which has geographical coordinate system and in the previous session we referenced it. This is
not projected. It has its Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) or given Decimal Degree (dd)
value. It is a scanned image, therefore, stored in .jpg or .tiff extension. These extensions refer Raster
structure. This scanned image can be taken as a BASE MAP for the update of information you
required in future. Therefore, you need to transform this GCS BASE MAP to adjust the similar
geographical orientation of your other data sets you already have. Besides this, if you wish to
calculate an area, or determine a precise distance, this is not an appropriate coordinate system. You
need a planar, Projected Coordinate System to do this. Square degrees are meaningless, and for most
people a distance specified in degrees is also meaningless. All projection operations are based on
spherical coordinates, and so this lab begins with feature classes in GCS, and then moves to
transforming these data into projected coordinate systems.

Working on Projection/transformation

For this exercise you have only one image

database i.e. D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \
Rectify_topo.tiff to project. For this you have to
follow the following steps

Step 1:
Open ArcMap with a new empty map and drag
the D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \
Rectify_topoj.tiffrom ArcCatalog into the empty
ArcMap layout Or Add Data from
button.
When you click on Add Data you will get your
database

 Double click left mouse on Data Layer icon

in your view content

Here you will see the data frame properties in small window

Data layers you have are in unknown coordinate system. Now you need to confirm your
geographic data in known projection system. For this you have to project in specified
projection system. For this you need to follow the following process.

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Step 2

The data layer you have is D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \

Rectify_topo.tif and which is in Geographical Coordinate
System (GCS).
Now you have to transform this GCS to
WGS 1984 UTM system.
Click Arctool Box

Check on

Here you have to check your layer properties to know

whether it has already defined projection system or not.
To operate this, you have to right click on LAYERS
appeared in the top of your table of content of displayed
map.
You will see new pop-up menu bar.
Click on Properties you will see new window
Highlight the coordinate system on your new window
If your data has not
defined projection
system you will see
Unknown.
Now we need to
define projection system
of our layers
Step 3
Then, click on Define
Projection
We will get new
working window ,
INPUT the data we
need to define
projection. Here you
need to open only one
data layer otherwise you will face problem. You can drag
the layer data to the input field.
Click on Coordinate system, now you will get another
window with information.

Click on SELECT, now we will get another option window,

Select Geographical Coordinate System (GCS).

Then browse coordinate system window and Click on WORLD and then select WGS 84.prj.

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Step 4
Now the map layer will defined the projection system in WGS 84 system with the following angular
spatial reference system.

Once you defined your projection system now you can transform this to another UTM system. For
this you have to select RASTER and Project.

We will get the working window. We have to fill the required parameters accordingly.

Particularly for output coordinate system,

we have to click on right-hand side down-
drop icon button and will display us
selection window. We need to click on
SELECT button. Again, this will give us
option to selection Geographic Coordinate
System (GCS) and Projected Coordinate
System (PCS). Now we have to select
PCS. The output is default in
D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \
Topo_project.tiff

Here we will get selection window again.

Now we have to select UTM option form the list.

Once we click on UTM then we will again have the choice to select where we need to click on WGS
1984. Once we select WGS 1984 then again it will give us to select datum WGS 1984 with specific
zone i.e. Once we add the WGS 1984 UTM zone 45 N we can make the transformation properly.

Now you have to repeat same steps to all layers you have in Decimal Degree Coordinate system and
make it sure all data are in same projection parameters and datum. If not you cannot operate analysis
in next step.

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 Session II and III
Create shape files and vectorization from the base map

Creating Point, Line and Polygon features and attributes

This session will be entirely based upon creating spatial feature data or shapefiles based on
georeferenced and projected topographic map. Therefore, that is also named BASE MAP. If you
have other base-maps to create new data as you need for your project you can also follow the similar
procedures.

After the session participants are expected to handle creating and vectorizing feature data of line,
point and polygons from the topographic base-maps.

Create New Shapefile (point features)

Now you have to create empty shapefile, create spatial data, edit and update attribute table. For this
you have to work with point geographic data by digitizing red dots visible in the scanned map as
Settlements.

Step 1: Create empty Shapefile

 Go to the ArcCatalog
 Right Click on your mouse putting on your Directory D:\ D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \
Topo_project.tiff
 Go to NEW
 You will see dropdown menu of Shapefiles
 Click on it (you will get new window) Create
New Shapefile

 Give Name of New_shapefile school_01
 Feature Type (go to the dropdown menu) select
Point

 Click on Edit

Now you will see new window

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  Click on Import
Now import your districtdd_01.shp from
Your working directory

D:\ D:\ GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data

Click Ok
Click Apply
Now you will see the New Shapefile
(scchool_01) added in your
ArcCatalog

Step 2: Screen digitize for the new shapefile

 Open ArcMap
 ADD D:\GIS_TRN\GISTRN_Data \Rectify_Topo_project.tiff
 ADD School_01
 Activate both

Now you will see Rectify_Topo_project.tiff

in your screen, and empty of school_01
In your menu bar you can see Editor on the
top of your screen
Click on Editor

You will get Start Editing tool

Your Editor will active and open new option

Right check on the box of Snapping
Close the box

Now you
will get the menu bar
Your mouse will ready to write on
the screen
Now see the bold red line on the
scanned Map that is Highway
 Click on point (building)

This is the process of Screen Digitizing; practice it as precise as you need

Now you need to give the attribute information about your

digitized layer
For this you Right click your mouse on the content of the
School_01
You will get the dropdown menu box
 Click on Open Attribute Table

Now you need to give attribute information

You can give 10 value on ID field where now is ‘0’
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Write in your note book ID ‘10’ is assigned for primary one
Similarly, digitize other small building, too.
And give ID as 20, 30, 40, 50 your digitizing school layer Stop
editor

Open Attribute Table

Click on Option
Add Field
Field Name ‘school Type’
Type ‘Text’
Length ‘30’

Now you will get your table as

Write the building type accordingly

Now you have created a building database from the
scanned image

You can save your job in your working directory and Exit from
the ArcMap.

Create New Shapefiles (Line features)

In this exercise you have to create new shape files from your scanned
map as you wish.
Step 1: Create empty Shapefile
 Go to the ArcCatalog
 Right Click on your mouse putting on your Directory
D:\GISTRN_DATA \Rectify_topo_project.tiff
 Go to NEW
 You will see dropdown menu of Shapefiles
 Click on it (you will get new
window) Create New Shapefile
 Give Name of New_shapefile
ROAD_01
 Feature Type (go to the dropdown
menu)select Polyline

 Click on Edit
Now you will see new
window
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  Click on Import
Now import your D:\ GISTRN_DATA \Rectify_Topo_project.tiff

Click Ok
Click Apply
Now you will see the New Shapefile
(Road_01) added in your
ArcCatalog

Step 2: Screen digitize for the new shapefile

 Open ArcMap
 ADD

 D:\

ISTRN_DATA\Rectify_Topo_project.tiff

 ADD Road_01
 Activate both

Now you will see

\Rectify_Topo_project.tiff in
your screen, and empty of
Road_01
 Right Click top of the
window somewhere
You will get down drop menu
 Click on Editor
Now you can get the Editor in your
menu bar on the top of your screen
Click on Editor

You will get Start Editing tool

Your Editor will active and open new option

Right check on the box of Snapping
Close the box
Now you will get the menu bar
Your mouse will ready to write on the screen
Now see the bold red line on the scanned
Map that is Highway
 Click on the one corner of the
Highway and write with your
mouse, to end the writing double
click the mouse.

Now you need to give the attribute

information about your digitized layer
For this you Right click your mouse on the
content of the Road_01
You will get the dropdown menu box
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  Click on Open Attribute Table

Now you need to give attribute information

You can give 10 value on ID field where now is ‘0’
Write in your note book ID ‘10’ is assigned for Highway
Similarly, digitize other small road, too.
Feeder Road – Id = 20
Major Trail –id = 30
Small Trail – id = 40
Once you finished your digitizing road layer Stop editor

Open Attribute Table

Click on Option
Add Field
Field Name ‘Road Type’
Type ‘Text’
Length ‘30’
Now you will get your table as
Write the Road Type accordingly
Now you have created a Road database from the
scanned image

You can save your job in your working directory and Exit from the ArcMap.
Creating polygon Features and attributes (Building and Parcels)

Create New Shapefile (polygon features)

Now you have to repeat the same process to create empty

shape file as you have done before, but change few things.

Step 1:
Give Name ‘L_use_01’
Select Polygon
Edit
Import ‘rectify_topo_project
Click ‘Ok’ and ‘Apply’
Now you have new empty shapefile ‘L_Use_01’ added

Step 2: Open ArcMap

ADD rectify_ topo_project
ADD L_Use_01
Start Editing as you have done before
Snapping option complete by Right Mark
For polygon digitizing you have to point out few rules
For common boundary and ‘island polygon you have to follow some rules i.e. divide polygon and
clip. For island polygon ‘clip’ command you have to use

You have to update the Attribute Table as you have done before
Forest – id = 10
Cultivated – id = 20
Bush – id = 30
Barren –id = 40
Waterbody –id = 50

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 Use of Satellite Image for GIS data preparation

Concept of Image
Band classification in multi spectral image
Interpretation keys

Visual interpretation
Digital interpretation -
unsupervised,
Supervised,

Enhancement of the Image and interpret ate visually

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 Use of GPS data into GIS mapping

Plotting GPS data into GIS and Mapping

 Open Arc GIS Software.

 Go To Tools In Menu Bar And Click On Add XY Data Then Upload Your Saved File
Through Browse.
 Specify X And Y Fields As Required And Click On OK. (manage data in excel sheet
before to add)
 Add Data Layer Where You Are Going To Over Plot GPS Points (verify and be sure on
projection system before to overlay).
 Prepare Map as required.

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 Session IV
Working with Geo-processing and Analysis Tools

This session will give you idea on handling spatial analysis of geographic data in ArcGIS
environment. To operate this exercise stage you must have prior idea on:

 Concept of geographical data layers

 Preparation/input of these layers,
 Ideas to display layers and properties on ArcMap environment
 Concept on geo-reference,
 Difference between feature data and attribute data
 Concept of RDBMS, linking feature and attribute data
 Concept to handle attribute table and manipulation,
 Query building, update attribute data with statistical operation

In this exercise some example of spatial data analysis will be carried out.

Familiarize the option of ArcTools in ArcGIS environment

You will get numbers of tools in Arc Toolbox

Click on individual tool and get the idea of each tool

Extract data of your interest from the database

You have given the whole country dataset, now you need

only the data of Chitwan district. What do you do?

Step 1:

 Click on ‘Select’ in ArcTools

 Input Feature ‘District’
 Output Feature Class ….\.._Chitwan
 Expression (optional) now Click on SQL
 Select District = ‘Chitwan’
 Click Ok
You will select only ‘Chitwan’ from all districts

Now you need to create the Road, River and Settlement database of Chitwan district only. How to
do?

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Step 2:

 Click on ‘Clip’ in ArcTools

 Input Features ‘Road_01’
 Clip Feature ‘District_Chitwan’
 Output Feature class ….\....Chit_road
 Click Ok
(Keep in mind that ‘Clip Feature’ always need

Polygon topology)

Similarly, you have to repeat for the River and Settlement, too.

Now you have your own database for the selected district.

Now you have to solve some questions:

1. Find out the total length (km) of highway in Chitwan district?

2. Find out the total digitized block of settlement in Chitwan district?
3. Find out the total length of the river in Chitwan district?

After all these steps now you have to go ahead how to analyze the geographic data i.e. feature plus
attribute

In this step you need to familiar with some ArcGIS tools which will help you to commence your job

To access those tools you can navigate from both ArcCatalog or from ArcMap environment.

Click here on, AcrCatalog:

While you work you need to navigate from ArcMap environment.

Where are they and how to bring into district geodatabase?

All your country data layers are managed in your [GIS_TRN] data folder, where you are keeping this
navigate your folder where you could see the entire national database.

From this exercise now you know how to manage the data from the national level data sets to
the Area of Interest (AOI) scale and how to manage it in a single container. While you work
independently that time you need to confirm your projection system whether they are in
uniformity or not.

Exercise 01: Proximity Analysis (Buffer)

Buffer is an important analysis tool to find out the proximity from the given geographic feature. For
example the distance of 1 kilometer from the center line of Highway is more vulnerable for road
traffic accident. Find out the number of settlement located in that zone?

Step 1:

 ‘Select’ only the Highway from Road database

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Step 2:

 Go to the ‘Buffer’
 Input Feature ‘Highway’
 Output Feature Class ‘…\..high_buf
 Distance ‘1000’ (1 km given in problem)
 Unit ‘meter’
 Side type ‘full’
 End type ‘flat’

Similalry you can calculate the proximity zone from the central line of the selected feature. Here you
can see the example of computed earthquake or landslide vulnerable
zone from the central point of the Main Central Thrust (Geological
Thrust) of the Kaski district in different distance assumed.

Similarly you can compute river flood zone, highway traffic vulnerable
zone, fire line, national park buffer zone or any type of buffer zone
either in ring or multiple zones.

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 Day- 3
Hands on Exercise

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 TABLE OPERATION IN ArcGIS 10 x

Now as we are familiar with basic tools and functions of ArcGIS 10, we will proceed to table
operations and calculations.

Standard Attribute file (Table) of ArcGIS is dBase (.dbf) and .gdb (for geo-datbase) but, it can read
Excel (.xls), comma-delimited (.txt or .csv) and tab-delimited (.tab) text tables.

You can sort, hide field, change the field name for display, delete and add fields and do calculations
with attribute table. Selecting features based on their attributes is another important operation. We
will perform some of these operations in following exercises.

We will use data from AEPC_GISTRN\Data folder for the

exercises which contains District shapefile and excel tables.

□ Add District.shp from AEPC_GISTRN\Data folder

which contains district polygon layer.
□ Open Attribute table of by right clicking and selecting
‘Open Attribute Table’. Right click on ‘Name’ field
and sort by Ascending.
□ Try to select districts Kathmandu and Baglung by
holding Ctrl key.
□ There is no area field in the data. So we will add filed and
calculate district area.

□ Open table and click on icon and select ‘Add field’.

Type ‘Area_sqkm’ and select ‘Double’ as data type and
click ok.
□ A filed name ‘Area_sqkm’ will be added in the table.
□ Right click on Area_sqkm’ field and click on ‘Calculate
Geometry’ option.
□ Select ‘Area’ under ‘Property’ and ‘Square Meters’ under
Units and click ok. Area will be in meters unit when projected shapefile is used. Now let’s
convert meter unit into kilometer.
□ Right click on double click on Area_sqkm’ under fields list and click on ‘/’ and type 1000000
(dividing sq meter will result value in sq km). Your syntax should exactly match as shown in
the figure. Click Ok. We have converted meter value into kilometer value.

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Note: You cannot change any of the data in your table
unless you go to “start editing” from the editor toolbar
except to add or delete fields.

Joining Attribute Table

 Join in ArcGIS is an operation that appends the information of one table into a second table
through the use of an attribute or field that is common to both tables.
 While joining data two or more tables in ArcGIS, it is most important to ensure that both the
tables have common value field. Based on this common value fields either one- o-one or one-to-
many join can be carried out.
Currently we have no information other than
district name and area. We want to map energy
use status of the country. Energy use data is
available in excel table. So need to JOIN external
table EnergyUse_2011.xlsx to shapefile for
mapping. In the following exercise you will join
Excel table with Attribute Table of shapefile.

□ Add excel table EnergyUse_2011.xlsx

from AEPC_GISTRN\Data folder to ArcMap. Double click and select sheet1 and go through
the fields. It contains total energy use by type for lighting and cooking for 75 districts of the
country with following field names:
S Distri L_Electrici L_Kerose L_BioG L_Othe L_Notstat
HH L_Solar
N ct ty ne as rs ed
C_Firewo C_Kerose C_Cowdu C_BioG C_Electric C_Othe C_Not
C_LP gas
od ne ng as ity rs stated

In excel table SN field contains the unique number for each

district and will be a common field to join. In district shapefile
attribute table, comman field is DCODE for join.

□ We are going to join energy information to map file. So,

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 □ Right click on districtSHP and Click on Join and Relates
> Join. Now you will see new window to enter your
options.

□ Select DCODE from dropdown for option 1 and SN from

second 2 and click Ok. Now open districtSHP attribute table and you will find that energy use
information is already joined to map table.

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Selecting Feature by Attribute (Attribute Query)
Finding out districts where Biogas is used for lighting purpose

We want to select the districts which have households using Biogas for lighting purpose. For this we
will use Attribute Query function.

□ Open Attribute table of districtSHP and click

on Select By Attributes. Select by Attribute
window will open. You have to define a
query condition for selecting districts
fulfilling above query. So, scroll down to
“Sheet1$LBiogas” and double click on it.
□ Click on ‘Get Unique Values’
and you will see household
values using Biogas.
□ From selection options of
operators click on ‘ >’ symbol
(greater than symbol) and
type 0 after > symbol and
click OK. This means we
want to select districts which
have at least one household
using Biogas for lighting.
□ How many districts have HH using Biogas for lighting?
Do it yourself:

1. How many districts have more than 500 HH using Biogas for lighting?
2. How many districts have HH using Biogas for wither lighting or for cooking?
3. Which districts have highest number of HH using Biogas for lighting and which has highest
number using Biogas for cooking?
Symbolizing data based on Attribute table

Now we will symbolize districts based on firewood used for cooking.

□ Right click on districtSHP shapefile and click on Properties. Properties window will display.
□ Click on Symbology

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 □ We are going to show
distribution of number
of HH using firewood
for cooking purpose
(field name:
C_Firehood).
□ Click on ‘Quantities’
under and Select
Graduate color.
□ Select ‘C_Firewoodl’
Under Fields > Value
and click Ok. A map will display showing 5 classes of districts based on number of HH. The default
number of classes is 5, you can change number of classes as required.
DO IT YOURSELF:

1. Create Graduate color map with other attributes.

2. Show map of HH using kerosene and LP Gas in one map. Which option should be used for this?
Making Map Layout

Till this time you are using data view in ArcMap which is platform for processing and displaying
data But you need to switch to “Layout View” to prepare map. When you switch to the Layout View,
you have access to a different range of tools and use the Layout toolbar to navigate. To switch to
“Layout View,” click on the icon at the bottom of your map
display that looks like a piece of paper (next to the globe

icon) or, from the View menu, go

to Layout View.

We will prepare a ready to be published map of firewood user HH.

A Layout toolbar will be activated which provide tools for zooming in

and out for layout view. Layout View has its own tools for zoom in / out
/ pan indicated with a little white box under the magnifying glass or hand
(see above). These layout view tools affect the extent of the layout sheet
(e.g., printable paper) being displayed on the screen. Try experimenting
with the layout tools.

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To insert a title, legend, North arrow, neat line, etc. on your map:

□ Click on Insert menu and select the object that you would like to add.
□ Try adding a title, legend, scale bar, north arrow, and text one by one. Experiment with
adding information to your map such as under text you can type your name as “prepared by:
Your name.
□ You can delete any of these objects by clicking each object and then pressing the "Del" key.
□ You need legend to explain your map features. ArcMap gives you great flexibility in
formatting your legend. To add a legend, from the Insert menu go to “Legend.” Your first
choice is what map layers you want to include.
□ If you have more than one layer in Table of content, all layers will be listed in legend item
box. You can change the order as you like. To change the order, click on the name and press
the up or down arrows.
□ Similarly add North Arrow and Scale bar of your choice. Your final map should have these
elements. Try to prepare maps as shown in figure.

Exporting Maps
If you just need paper copies of your maps, you can directly print from ArcGIS. But if you need to
insert maps into Power Point or word processing files, will need to export your maps. Once you are
satisfied with your map outlook, you can export a map from ArcMap to various graphic formats.
From the File menu, go to “Export Map.” Type appropriate name and location and Choose the
format you want to export in the “Save as type” dropdown menu. Insert exported map in either
Power point or word document.

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 Day: 4

Hands on Exercise

Open ArcGIS

Add desired data layers to use in Google Earth.

Add ArcTools

Select Conversion Tools

Explore to (To KML)

Select and click on Layer to KML.

You will get .KMZ file as below after converting shape file to KML.

MHP_stations.kmz

Now, open Google Earth and observe the location of .KMZ layer.

For further contact

Nepal GIS Society

Women Development Training Center,
LDTA Complex, Jawalakhel Lalitpur
977-01-5545525
Email: [email protected]
URL http://www.negiss.org.np
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