International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 [Link] p-ISSN: 2395-0072

EARTHQUAKE BEHAVIOR OF BUILDING USING STAAD PRO

M.A. Qureshi1, Dhruv Shah2, Bhavin Solanki3, Divyakant Baldaniya4, Dhruv Patel5, Kevin Shah6

1Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, FETR, Bardoli, Gujarat, India

23456Students, Civil Engineering Department, FETR, Bardoli, Gujarat, India
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Abstract - Shear wall system is one of the most commonly 1.1 Objective


used to resist lateral forces like seismic load, wind loads etc.
Shear walls have very high strength and stiffness which The main objective is to check and design seismic
provides stability to structure. The scope of the nowadays response of building using STAAD Pro.

work is to study earthquake (seismic) responses of different
storey buildings with and without shear wall, considering To design building using STAAD Pro.
different seismic zones. An earthquake load will be applied to  To analyse lateral displacement, storey drift, time
a building for G+15, G+25, G+45 located in zone III and history analysis and cost of the building for different
different cases of shear wall position. An analysis will be cases of shear wall in different zones.
performed using STAAD Pro software. Various parameters
such as lateral displacement and story drift will be studied.
2. BUILDING MODELING
Key Words: Analysis and Design, Seismic Behaviour, These buildings were designed in conformity to the Indian
Shear wall system, Displacement, Storey Drift, STAAD Code of Practice for Earthquake load (Seismic) Resistant
Pro Design of Buildings. The buildings were assumed to be fixed
at the base. The buildings were modeled using software
[Link] STAAD Pro. Models were studied in 3rd zones comparing
lateral displacement and storey drift for all structural models
The race towards new heights and architecture has been under consideration.
challenges. When the building increases in height, the
stiffness of the structure becomes more important. Table -1: Building Dimensions
Reinforced Concrete Buildings are adequate for resisting
both the vertical and horizontal load. High-rise have
SR NO. PARTICULAR DIMENSION
continued to upward higher and higher facing strange
loading effects and very high loading values due to 1 Length of building 45.20(M)
dominating lateral loads. 2 Width of building 14.56(M)
In buildings built in region likely to experienced earthquake 3 Height of building (G+15) 45(M)
of high intensity or high winds then more suitably advisable 4 Height of building (G+25) 75(M)
shear wall structure. The design of these walls for seismic
forces requires special consideration as they should be safe 5 Height of building (G+45) 135(M)
under repeated loads. The design of building adopted in the 6 Typical story height 3(M)
)ndian Code )S Part : Criteria for Earthquake 7 Live load on floor 2 KN/M2
Resistant Design of Structure to ensure that structure
possess at least a minimum strength to withstands minor 8 Floor finishing 4.6KN/M2
earthquake occurring frequently; resist moderate 11 Grade of concrete M25
earthquakes without significant structural damages though
some non-structural damages may occur; and aims that 13 Thickness of slab 0.15(M)
structure withstand major earthquake without collapse. 14 Zone 3 Z.F.= 0.16

For gain more plane stiffness, reduces lateral displacements Model 1– Framed structure.
and dissipate energy during strong motions the most
sufficient systems are shear wall and bracing system use. Model 2– The building with shear wall Lift area
Damages due to earthquake can be prevented by adding Model 3– The building with shear walls on corners.
such structural elements like shear wall and bracing
systems. The design criteria for high-rise buildings are Model 4– The building with shear walls at Insides.
strength, serviceability, stability and human comfort. Thus,
the effects of lateral loads like wind loads, earthquake forces
are attaining increasing importance and almost every
designer is faced with the problem of providing adequate
strength and stability against lateral loads.

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 486
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 [Link] p-ISSN: 2395-0072

2.1 Building Plans 2.2 3-D Models of Buildings

G+15 Buildings

Fig -1: AutoCAD Plan

Fig -6Model-1 Fig -7 Model-2

Fig -2: Model-1

Fig 3: Model-2
Fig -8 Model-3 Fig -9 Model-4

G+25 Buildings

Fig -4: Model-3

Fig -5: Model-4

Fig -10 Model-1 Fig -11 Model-2

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 487
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 [Link] p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3. METHODOLOGY

It demands to select the exact process to analyse a certain

structural frame considering its corresponding
characteristics related to seismic as earthquake analysis was
very difficult portion in the field in structural engineering.

1. Static Analysis
2. Dynamic analysis

i. Response Spectrum Method

ii. Time History Method
iii. Pushover Analysis

1. Static Analysis:

It is known as equivalent static force method. In this

method, the base shear is calculated from the weight of
Fig -12 Model-3 Fig -13 Model-4 building. Earthquake forces are calculated in normalized
way in this method. Live loads and dead loads are
G+45 Buildings considered according to the norms and distributed
along in each storey.

2. Dynamic Analysis:

It shall be performed to access the design seismic force,

and its spreading in various levels or stories along the
height of the building, and in the various lateral load
resisting element.

 Regular Buildings:

All framed buildings height greater than 40m in height in

zones IV and V and greater than 90m in height in zone II and
III.

 Irregular Building:

All framed buildings higher than 12m in zones IV and V, and

greater than 40m in height in zones II and III.
Fig -14 Model-1 Fig -15 Model-2
i. Response Spectrum method:

The response of buildings having a vast range of periods is

summarized in a single graph by this method. This method
shall be performed using the design spectrum specified in
code or by a site-specific design spectrum for a structure
prepared at a project site. The values of impairing for
building may be taken as 3 and 5 percent of the critical or
demanding, for the purposes of changing of steel and
reinforce concrete buildings, respectively

ii. Time History Analysis:

The usage of this method shall be on an appropriate ground

motion and shall be performed using accepted principles of
dynamics. In this method, the time histories of the structural
response to a given input are obtained ad a result.
Fig -16 Model-3 Fig -17 Model-4

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 488
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 [Link] p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4. RESULTS G+25 Building Displacement in Z-Direction

60
4.1 Lateral Displacement
50

G+15 Building Displacement in X-direction

Displacement (mm)
1200 40

1000 30
Displacement (mm)

800 20 Model-1
Model-2
600
10
Model-3
Model-4
400
Model-1 0
Model-2
200
Model-3 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Model-4 Storey
0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Chart-4: G+25 Building Displacement in Z-Direction
Storey

G+45 Building Displacement IN X-direction

Chart-1: G+15 Building Displacement in X-Direction
4000

G+15 Building Displacement in Z-direction 3500

16 3000
Displacement (mm)

14 2500
Displacement (mm)

12 2000

10 1500

8 1000 Model-1
Model-2
6 500 Model-3
Model-1 Model-4
4 0
Model-2
Model-3
2 Model-4 -500
0 10 20 30 40 50
0
Storey
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Storey
Chart-5: G+45 Building Displacement in X-Direction
Chart-2: G+15 Building Displacement in Z-Direction
G+45 Building Displacement in Z-direction
35
G+25 Building Displacement in X-direction
3500 30

3000 25
Displacement (mm)
Displacement (mm)

2500
20

2000
15

1500
10
Model-1 Model-1
1000
Model-2 Model-2
5
Model-3 Model-3
500 Model-4
0
Model-4
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Storey
Storey

Chart-6: G+45 Building Displacement in Z-Direction

Chart-3: G+25 Building Displacement in X-Direction

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 489
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 [Link] p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4.2 Storey Drift G+25 Building Drift in Z Direction

30
Model-1
G+15 Building Drift in X-Direction Model-1 Model-2
18 Model-2 25
Model-3
Model-3
16 Model-4
Model-4
20
14

Storey
12 15
10
Storey

10
8

6
5
4

2 0

0
0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.022 0.024 0.026
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Drift
Model-1
Chart-10: G+25 Building Drift in Z-Direction
Chart-7: G+15 Building Drift in X-Direction

G+45 Building Drift in X-direction Model-1

G+15 Building Drift in Z-Direction Model-1 Model-2
50
18 Model-2 Model-3
Model-3
16 Model-4
Model-4 40
14

12 30
Storey

10
Storey

8 20

6
10
4

2
0
0

0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
Drift Drift

Chart-8: G+15 Building Drift in Z-Direction Chart-11: G+45 Building Drift in X-Direction

G+25 Building Drift X- Direction

30 G+45 Building drift Z- Direction Model-1
Model-1 50 Model-2
Model-2 Model-3
25 Model-4
Model-3
Model-4 40
20

30
Storey

15
Storey

10 20

5
10

0
0
0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
Drift 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
Drift

Chart-9: G+25 Building Drift in X-Direction

Chart-12: G+45 Building Drift in Z-Direction

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 490
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 [Link] p-ISSN: 2395-0072

5. CONCLUSION 4) Vinod Goud Analysis and Design of Flat Slab with

and without Shear Wall of Multi-Storied Building
G+15, G+25, G+45 Buildings without shear wall and with Frames )OSR Journal of Engineering Vol. 6, )ssue
different positions of shear wall analyzed is STAAD Pro. 09 (Sep. 2016),
From above results for Displacement:
5) Anshuman. S Solution of Shear Wall Location in
 G+15: Multi-Storey Building )NTERNAT)ONAL JOURNAL
OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
In X Direction: Model 4 is 28% less compared to Model-1, Volume 2, No 2, 2011.
Model 3 is 22 % less compare to Model-1, Model-2 is 4 %
less compared to Model-1. 6) E. Pavan Kumar Earthquake Analysis of Multi
Storied Residential Building - A Case Study E.
In Z Direction: Model 4 is 30 % less compare to Model-1, Pavan Kumar et al Int. Journal of Engineering
Model 3 is 20% less compare to Model-1, Model 2 is 13 % Research and Applications, Vol. 4, Issue 11 (,
less compare to Model-1. November 2014,

 G+25: 7) Varsha R. Harne Comparative Study of Strength of

RC Shear Wall at Different Location on Multi-Storied
In X Direction: Model 4 is 20% less compared to Model-1, Residential Building )nternational Journal of Civil
Model 3 is 15 % less compare to Model-1, Model-2 is 12 % Engineering Research. Volume 5, Number 4 (2014).
less compared to Model-1.
8) IS 1893(part 1)-2002 (Reaffirmed 2016), “Criteria
In Z Direction: Model 4 is 14 % less compare to Model-1, for earthquake resistant design of structures,
Model 3 is 11% less compare to Model-1, Model 2 is 5 % less general provisions and buildings
compare to Model-1.
9) IS: 875 (Part 2) – 1987 (Reaffirmed 2008 , Code of
 G+45: practice for design loads for buildings and
structures. Part 2- )mposed load .
In X Direction: Model 4 is 12% less compared to Model-1,
Model 3 is 9 % less compare to Model-1, Model-2 is 4 % less
compared to Model-1.

In Z Direction: Model 4 is 8 % less compare to Model-1,

Model 3 is 7% less compare to Model-1, Model 2 is 4 % less
compare to Model-1.

From above results from storey drift:

High rise structures are subjected to excessive deflection.

Deflection obtained by STAAD pro is checked by IS Code
limitation for serviceability

6. REFERENCES:

1) Shyam Bhat Earthquake behaviour of buildings

with and without shear walls )OSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE).

2) M. S. Aainawala Design of Multi-storeyed R.C.C.

Buildings with and without Shear Walls )SSN:
2277-9655 Scientific Journal (ISRA), July 2014.

3) D.R. Deshmukh Analysis and Design of G+19

Storied Building Using Staad-Pro D.R. [Link]
al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and
Application [Link] Vol. 6, Issue 7, (Part -1)
July 2016, pp.17-19.

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