Application Tutorial 1.

1:
Ansys CFD Workflow

Fundamentals and Application of CFD

Master’s
Master’s DegreeDegree
ininNumerical
Numerical Simulation in Engineering
Simulation with Ansys with Ansys
in Engineering
© 2023 Ansys, Inc.
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Ansys 12th EDITION
 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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© 2023 Ansys, Inc.
 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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 Heat transfer in a 3D mixing elbow
Mixed fluid outlet

400mm

1000mm

800mm

Low temperature fluid inlet

400mm
800mm

100mm

High temperature fluid inlet

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 Flow conditions analysis
P = 0.0 Pa
(Gauge)
• Material: Water

Vx = 0.2 m/s
• Large pipe inlet: T = 25 ℃
• 0.2 m/s, 25 ºC (298 K)
• Small pipe inlet:
• 1 m/s, 40 ºC (313 K)
Vy = 1.0 m/s
• Reynolds Number, Re (based on large pipe inlet conditions): T = 40 ℃

• ~80,000 → Turbulent flow

UL 998.2  0.2  0.4
Re = =
 0.001003

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 Starting Workbench Project
• Start Ansys Workbench:
• Start → All Programs → Ansys 2023 R1 → Workbench 2023 R1
• Expand Analysis Systems and drag and drop a Fluid Flow (Fluent) system into the Project Schematic.

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 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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 Create Geometry
1. Double click on Geometry
to open SpaceClaim

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 Create a circle for the large pipe - 1
Changing the view

2. Display is now rotated

1. Left click on the Z-axis

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 Create a circle for the large pipe - 2
5. Click on Circle
Creating a Sketch

6. Change view to YZ plane

3. Select the Sketch Mode

4. Left-click on the Z-axis

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 Create a circle for the large pipe - 3
7. Select new sketch plan and
Creating a circle
left-click on the center. Enlarge
the circle

8. Change the diameter value to

400 mm and press enter key
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 Create the large pipe - 1
Creating a line for swipping 12, Create a new sketch
plane at the end point
of the line.
9. Select Home

10. Select new sketch plane

and click on the Y-axis.

11. Select “line” and click

on the center. Maintain
90º degrees and write
1200 mm for length.
Press enter key.
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 Create the large pipe - 2
14. Select new sketch plane
and click in the upper right
Creating a rounded corner hand corner of the screen or
on the Z-axis.

15. Click on create rounded corner

and select the horizontal line.
Write 400mm for radius value.
Press enter key.

13. Create a new

line maintaining
0º and write 1400
mm for length.

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 Create the large pipe - 3
Creating the volume of the pipe

16. Select Pull.

17. Left-click on the circle.

18. Select
Sweep option
and left-click
on the three
lines while
pressing Ctrl.

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 Create the large pipe - 4
Sweeping

19. Finally click

Full Pull.

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 Create a circle for the small pipe - 1

1. Create new
sketch plane at
the upper face of
the pipe.
2. Create a new
circle on the
center. Set
diameter to
100mm.

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 Create a circle for the small pipe - 2
3. Create a line down 5. Before pulling, make
from the center of the sure “Add” is selected.
circle and write
1800mm for length.

6. Press full pull.

4. Use Pull and select

the new circle. Select
sweep and click on the
line. Select pull
direction and click on End of geometry creation.
the vertical line. You can close SpaceClaim.
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 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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 Open Meshing
Double click on Mesh to open Workbench Meshing

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 Boundary layer mesh - 1

1. Right click on Mesh

→ Insert → Inflation

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 Boundary layer mesh - 2

2. Select the volume as Geometry (left click on

the body) and Apply

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 Boundary layer mesh - 3

3. Click on the Face filter

4. Select all the 4 wall faces as Boundary.

To select multiple faces, hold the “Ctrl”
key and left click on each face

5. Apply

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 Generate the mesh Prisms are generated at the walls

1. Right click on Mesh

Note that in the small pipe, a fine

mesh is automatically generated
2. Generate Mesh

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 Create Named Selections - 1
Specifying Named Selection at inlet boundary 1

1. Select the Face filter

2. Left click on the large

pipe circular face. Then
4. Write “inlet1” and
right click on it
click OK

3. Select Create Named Selection

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 Create Named Selections - 2
Specifying Named Selection at inlet boundary 2

1. Select the Face filter

3. Select Create Named Selection

4. Write “inlet2” and

click OK

2. Left click on the small

pipe circular face. Then
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right click on it
 Create Named Selections - 3
Specifying Named Selection at exit boundary

1. Select the Face filter

4. Write “outlet” and

click OK
2. Left click on the large
pipe exit face. Then right
click on it

3. Select Create
Named Selection

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 Create Named Selections - 4
1. Select the Body
Specifying fluid domain name filter

4. Write “fluid”
and click OK

2. Left click on the

pipe. Then right
click on it

3. Select
Create Named
Selection

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 Update and Save project

1. Left click on Mesh and

then left click on Update

2. Save the project on your

local disk: File → Save Project

End of mesh generation.

You can close Meshing
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 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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 Open Fluent 1. Double click on mesh and
Update mesh. The double click on
Setup

2. Fluent Launcher:
Click on Double
Precision and click
Start to open Fluent

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 Mesh Check
1. Click on
General
2. Click on
Check

Make sure that no errors

appeared in the console
3. Confirm
Steady-Time
analysis

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 Set-up - Physical models - 1
Activating Energy Equation
2. Double click on Energy

1. Click on
Models

3. Enable Energy
Equation and click
OK

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 Set-up - Physical models - 2
Selecting the turbulence model

1. Click on Models

3. Select the “k-epsilon (2 eqn)”

model. Accept all the default
settings and click OK

2. Double click on
Viscous

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 Material properties
Providing values ​of the physical properties of the water

1. Click on Materials 2. Double click on Fluid

4. Scroll down and select

“water-liquid(h2o<l>)”

3. Click on Fluent Database

6. Click on Change/Create
and close the window
5. Click on Copy. Then
close the window
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 Zone and boundary conditions - 1
Choosing the fluid material for the fluid domain

1. Click on Cell Zone Conditions

2. Select fluid

4. In Material Name, select

3. Click on Edit “water-liquid”. Click OK

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 Zone and boundary conditions - 2
Boundary conditions for inlet1
1. Click on Boundary 3. Set a Velocity
Conditions Magnitude of 0.2 m/s

4. Select the “Intensity

and Hydraulic
2. Select “inlet1”. Make sure Diameter” method
that “velocity-inlet” is
selected and click on Edit

5. Set: Turbulent Intensity: 5 %

Hydraulic Diameter: 0.4 m

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 Zone and boundary conditions - 3
Boundary conditions for inlet1

6. Select the Thermal tab

7. Set a Temperature of 298 k.

Click on Apply

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 Zone and boundary conditions - 4
Boundary conditions for inlet2
2. Set a Velocity
Magnitude of 1 m/s

1. Select “inlet2”. Make sure

that “velocity-inlet” is 3. Select the “Intensity
selected and click on Edit and Hydraulic
Diameter” method

4. Set: Turbulent Intensity: 5 %

Hydraulic Diameter: 0.1 m

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 Zone and boundary conditions - 5

Boundary conditions for inlet2

5. Select the Thermal tab

6. Set a Temperature of 313 k.

Click on Apply

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 Zone and boundary conditions - 6
Boundary conditions for outlet

2. Make sure that 0 pascal is

specified as Gauge Pressure
3. Select the “Intensity
and Hydraulic
Diameter” method

1. Select “outlet”. Make sure

that “pressure-outlet” is
selected and click on Edit

4. Set: Turbulent Intensity: 5 %

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Hydraulic Diameter: 0.4 m
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 Zone and boundary conditions - 7
Boundary conditions for outlet

In the Thermal tab, leave

the “Backflow Total
Temperature” as default
(300 k) and click on Apply.

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 Zone and boundary conditions - 8
Boundary conditions for wall-fluid
2. Leave Momentum
settings as default and
switch to the Thermal tab

3. Make sure that Heat

Flux is 0 (adiabatic wall)

1. Select “wall-fluid”. Make

sure that “wall” is selected
and click on Edit

4. Apply

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 Solver settings
Pressure-based Coupled – Pseudo Transient solver

2. Select “Coupled” for the

Pressure-Velocity Coupling Scheme

3. Leave the Spatial Discretization

1. Click on Solution schemes as default
Methods

4 . Enable the “Pseudo

Time Method” option

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 Initialization
Setting Initial values
Initialization:
• Iterative convergence process in Fluent
needs first initial values for all the
resolution variables.
1. Click on • Hybrid initialization is automatic and
Initialization provides a smooth initial flow field.
• It solves Laplace's equation to
determine the velocity and pressure
fields. All other variables, such as
temperature, turbulence, etc., will be
automatically patched based on
domain averaged values.

2. Click on Initialize

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 Run Calculation
Saving the project
Click on File → Save Project
Running the calculation

2. Specify 300 iterations

1. Click on Run Calculation

3. Calculate

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 Convergence
Plot of the residuals is displayed
during the computation
Calculation complete (convergence trend)

The case converged after 125

iterations. Calculation stops
automatically after convergence
is reached

Click on OK

End of solver.
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You can close Fluent
© 2023 Ansys, Inc.
 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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 Open CFD-Post

Double click on Results

to open CFD-Post

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 Display contour - 1
Creating post-processing plane 1. Click on Location →
Plane

2. OK

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 Display contour - 2
Creating post-processing plane

1. Select “XY Plane”

method

Plane section Z = 0 is now

created

2. Specify 0 m and click

on Apply

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 Display contour - 3
Creating contour

1. Click on the
Contour icon

2. OK

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 Display contour - 4

1. Unselect “Plane 1”

2. Select “Plane 1”
location

4. Apply 3. Select
“Temperature” variable

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 Display contour - 5
Hiding contour
Unselect “Contour 1” in the
tree to hide the contour

Contour 1 is now
hidden

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 Display streamlines - 1
Creating streamlines

1. Click on the
Streamline icon
2. OK

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 Display streamlines - 2
Creating streamlines

1. In “Start From”,
click on “…”
2. Select “inlet1” and “inlet2”
(using the “Ctrl” key) and
click OK

3. Set 100 # of Points

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 Display streamlines - 3
Creating streamlines

4. Click on the Color tab

6. Select the
Temperature variable 5. Select the Variable
mode

Streamlines are
now displayed

7. Apply

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 Save project

1. Click on File →
Save Project

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 Contents

1. Problem Analysis and preparation (Ansys Workbench)

2. Geometry preparation (SpaceClaim)
3. Mesh Generation (Workbench Meshing)
4. Solver set-up and calculation (Fluent)
5. Post-processing (CFD-Post)
6. Parameters (Ansys Workbench)

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 Parameters in Workbench

Parametric studies such as geometric change can be easily done in Ansys Workbench.
Once the geometry is modified, the whole simulation process is updated in one click.
We are now going to update our case to a different main tube section:

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 Parameter change - 1
Double click on Geometry
to open SpaceClaim

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 Parameter change - 2

1. Select Pull

2. Double click on the

body

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 Parameter change - 3

3. Change radius to
300mm.

4. Save project and exit SpaceClaim.

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 Parameter change - 4

Click on “Update Project” in Workbench.

The workflow will be updated with the
new geometry and all the simulation
steps will be executed and completed
automatically.

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 Parameter change - 5

All the simulation

steps are now
completed

Double click on
Results to open
CFD-Post

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 Parameter change - 6

Analyze how the

contours and
streamlines changed End of the tutorial.
You can save the Project and
close Ansys Workbench

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