8/30/2016
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
5–66 Refrigerant-134a is throttled from the saturated
liquid state at 700 kPa to a pressure of 160 kPa.
Determine the temperature drop during this process and
the final specific volume of the refrigerant. Answers:
42.3°C, 0.0344 m3/kg
5–81 Refrigerant-134a at 1 MPa and 90°C is
to be cooled to 1 MPa and 30°C in a
condenser by air. The air enters at 100 kPa
and 27°C with a volume flow rate of 600
m3/min and leaves at 95 kPa and 60°C.
Determine the mass flow rate of the
refrigerant. Answer: 100 kg/min
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
1
8/30/2016
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
5–91 A thin-walled double-pipe counter-flow
heat exchanger is used to cool oil (cp 2.20
kJ/kg · °C) from 150 to 40°C at a rate of 2
kg/s by water (cp 4.18 kJ/kg · °C) that enters
at 22°C at a rate of 1.5 kg/s. Determine the
rate of heat transfer in the heat exchanger
and the exit temperature of water.
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
6–17 A 600-MW steam power plant, which is cooled by a nearby river,
has a thermal efficiency of 40 percent. Determine the rate of heat
transfer to the river water. Will the actual heat transfer rate be higher or
lower than this value? Why?
6–18 A steam power plant receives heat from a furnace at a rate of 280
GJ/h. Heat losses to the surrounding air from the steam as it passes
through the pipes and other components are estimated to be about 8
GJ/h. If the waste heat is transferred to the cooling water at a rate of
145 GJ/h, determine (a) net power output and (b) the thermal efficiency
of this power plant. Answers: (a) 35.3 MW, (b) 45.4 percent
6–35C A heat pump that is used to heat a house has a COP of 2.5. That
is, the heat pump delivers 2.5 kWh of energy to the house for each 1
kWh of electricity it consumes. Is this a violation of the first law of
thermodynamics? Explain
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
2
8/30/2016
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
6–44 When a man returns to his well-sealed house on a
summer day, he finds that the house is at 32°C. He turns on the air
conditioner, which cools the entire house to 20°C in 15 min. If the COP
of the air-conditioning system is 2.5, determine the power drawn by the
air conditioner. Assume the entire mass within the house is equivalent to
800 kg of air for which cv 0.72 kJ/kg · °C and cp 1.0 kJ/kg · °C.
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
6–47 Determine the COP of a heat pump that supplies energy to
a house at a rate of 8000 kJ/h for each kW of electric power it
draws. Also, determine the rate of energy absorption from the
outdoor air. Answers: 2.22, 4400 kJ/h
6–54 Refrigerant-134a enters the
condenser of a residential heat
pump at 800 kPa and 35°C at a rate
of 0.018 kg/s and leaves at 800 kPa
as a saturated liquid. If the
compressor consumes 1.2 kW of
power, determine (a) the COP of the
heat pump and (b) the rate of heat
absorption from the outside air.
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
3
8/30/2016
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
6–55 Refrigerant-134a enters the evaporator coils placed at the back of
the freezer section of a household refrigerator at 120 kPa with a
quality of 20 percent and leaves at 120 kPa and - 20°C. If the
compressor consumes 450 W of power and the COP the refrigerator is
1.2, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the refrigerant and (b) the rate
of heat rejected to the kitchen air. Answers: (a) 0.00311 kg/s, (b) 990 W
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
6–71 A Carnot heat engine operates between a source at 1000 K and a
sink at 300 K. If the heat engine is supplied with heat at a rate of 800
kJ/min, determine (a) the thermal efficiency and (b) the power output of
this heat engine. Answers: (a) 70 percent, (b) 9.33 kW
6–86 A Carnot refrigerator operates in a room in which the temperature
is 22°C and consumes 2 kW of power when operating. If the food
compartment of the refrigerator is to be maintained at 3°C, determine
the rate of heat removal from the food compartment.
6–90 A Carnot refrigerator operates in a room in which the temperature
is 25°C. The refrigerator consumes 500 W of power when operating and
has a COP of 4.5. Determine (a) the rate of heat removal from the
refrigerated space and (b) the temperature of the refrigerated space.
Answers: (a) 135 kJ/min, (b) 29.2°C
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
4
8/30/2016
Emirate International University Gas & oil Engineering department
6–95 A heat pump is used to maintain a house at 22°C by extracting
heat from the outside air on a day when the outside air temperature is
2°C. The house is estimated to lose heat at a rate of 110,000 kJ/h, and
the heat pump consumes 5 kW of electric power when running. Is this
heat pump powerful enough to do the job?
Dr. Abduljalil Al-Abidi Thermodynamics PET121
