SOCIAL STUDIES DEPARTMENT END OF YEAR 2020 MARKING KEY

FORM 4

1. (a) Explain the importance of Environmental Impact Assessment. (6)

- Environment Cost saving

- Communal ownership on proposed project

- Environmental Sustainability

- Environmental Awareness

- Brings remedial measures

[1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion]

(b) Explain three ways in which rise in temperature can be controlled. (6)

1. Afforestation/Reforestation

2. Legislation to control the release of chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere

3. Education/ Awareness on environmental issues

4. Use of environmentally friendly sources of energy/ detergents/aerosols

[1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion]

(c) Assess four ways in which people in rural areas contribute to environmental care. (8)

FOR

1. Formation of clubs/clusters/trusts to protect various natural resources eg CBNRM

2. Education – through Kgotla meetings

3. Litter picking – to keep the village clean

4. Tree planting – To replace those that have been cut and to reduce soil erosion

5. Cultural practices/ IKS – totems, sacred places, taboos

6. Better environmental management through good practices like ploughing across the slop, game
farming, crop rotation
7. Monitoring adherence to policies/rules & regulations

AGAINST

1. Bad farming practices like overstocking

2. Deforestation/Felling of trees and forests for crop growing which causes land degradation

3. Lack of environmental awareness leads to indiscriminate disposal of waste/

4. Lack of proper monitoring of environmental projects eg trees planted on tree planting day

5. Overuse/ Overharvesting of natural resources

[1 mark for identification of a point, 2 marks for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

2. (a) Describe three ways through which citizenship is acquired in Botswana. (6)

1. Birth : child born in Botswana by Batswana parents

2. Descent: child born outside Botswana by Batswana parents

3. Adoption: foreign child not more than 3 years of age adopted by Batswana parents

4. Settlement: a person who settled in Botswana immediately before 30th September 1966 and has
lived ordinarily as a member of a particular tribe or community, shall if they so wish, make a
declaration in such form as may be prescribed and shall become a citizen of Botswana

5. Honorary/Presidential Dispensation: citizenship given to a foreigner by the President if he feels

that the person has contributed significantly to the welfare of the country

6. Naturalisation: the Act prescribes that any foreigner of full age and of sound mind, who wishes to
be a Motswana through Naturalisation, shall satisfy the requirements by Immigration and shall
become a citizen of Botswana.

[1 mark for identification of a point, 1mark for expansion ]

(b) Outline six qualities of a good citizen (6)

1. Respect for law

2. Patriotic

3. Participate in descision making activities

4. Pays tax
 5. Have Botho

6. Participate in national activities eg voting

7. Have national documents eg ID

8. Protecting public/government property

9. Respect for national symbols

(c) Evaluate how the UN Peace Keeping Forces help sustain human dignity. (8)

FOR

1. Disarm warring factions – helps avoid the killing of people i.e rescue missions

2. Takes supplies to displaced people – transport supplies which help to restore people’s right to
shelter/ helps displaced people with food and health or medicine

3. Patrolling cease fire zones between warring factions – this helps to sustain peace in the affected
area

4. Creates a conducive environment for reconciliations – in order to rebuild political institutions

5.

6.

AGAINST

7.

8.

9.

10.

[1 mark for identification of a point, 2 marks for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

3. (a) Explain the importance of youth in promoting responsible citizenry and participatory
democracy. (6)

1. participate in decision making

2. take part in posts of responsible

3. attend kgotla meetings

4. advocate for their rights peacefully

 [1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion]

(b)Discuss the role played by Amnesty International in sustaining human life, dignity and peace.
(6)

1. persuades governments to end capital punishment to protect right to life

2. campaigns against dictatorship and bad governance so that there is democracy and stability

3. ensures that political prisoners are treated fairly and not maltreated

4. protects human rights by publicising countries that abuse human rights

5. publicises the names of countries that abuse human rights to improve good governance

6. blacklists countries that violates human rights

[1 mark for identification of a point, 1mark for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

(c) Assess terrorism as a global crisis. (8)

FOR

- improved technology e.g the use of surveillance cameras, drones and radar equipment to find
terrorists

- improved national security

- Instrument of liberation, since some people belief that for them to be listened to they have to
engage in terrorist acts

- may cause a change in foreign policy of a state

- unites nations for a common purpose

- creates employment e.g specialised intelligence service

AGAINST

- loss of lives

-instills fear, people restrict their travelling on modes of transport like airplanes and trains

- migration/separation of families

- disruption of business/world trade

- high expenditure on security services and reconstruction

- destruction of the environment , the bombing of buildings and modes of transport like trains and
airplanes may cause pollution

- recruitment of child soldiers e.g M23 in DRC, UNITA in Angola. Children become traumatized by the
experience at a young age

- causes religious hatred and mistrust

[1 mark for identification of a point, 1mark for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

4. (a) using examples, describe the different cultures of Botswana. (6)

1. Food- Basarwa kgengwe, Bakalaka delele

2. Dress – Basarwa animal skin, Baherero Victorian dress

3. Language – Bangwaketse Sengwaketse, Babirwa Sebirwa

4. Shelter – Basarwa mogoafatshe, Bangwato mud houses

5. Entertainment – Bakgatla setapa/phatis, Bakalala dihosana/ndazola

6.

[1 mark for identification of a point, 1mark for expansion]

(b) Discuss ways of promoting culture locally. (6)

1. Cultural festivals and games

2. Education in schools

3. Curio shops

4. Advertising in the media

5. Revival of cultural practices

6. Establishment of more museums

7. Encouragement of more museums

[1 mark for identification of a point, 1mark for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

(c). Evaluate the impact of culture in promoting National Principles of Unity. (8)

1. Tswana sayings – promotes cooperation/unity

 2. Traditional forms of cooperation- people came together and helped each other in activities
like harvesting, weeding, thrashing and decorating mud walls

3. Social gatherings – social gatherings like weddings, funerals, dikgafela and initiation
ceremonies promoted unity. Such gatherings brought people together to celebrate or mourn

4. Inter-marriages -

5. Kgotla

6.

[1 mark for identification of a point, 2 marks for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

5.(a) Discuss gender disparities resulting from cultural practices. (6)

1. Division of labour: in the past labour was divided according to gender and age. There were
male and female duties.

2. Leadership: traditionally chieftainship and leadership were hereditary through the male
lineage in most Tswana societies

3. Inheritance: in most societies chieftainship, surname, totem and wealth were inherited
through the male lineage.

4. Marriage: lobola was paid by males only and the woman was expected to relocate to the
husband’s residence

5. Education: in terms of schooling priority was given to boys as there was a belief that girls will
be married and taken away from their families

6. Provider in the family:

7. Setswana sayings: there are some common Tswana proverbs or sayings that discriminate
against women, e.g ‘ga di nke di etelelwa ke dinamagadi pele’ (meaning that woman can
never be rulers in the presence of males)

8. Bereavement: upon death of a marital partner only women are expected to wear mourning
dress for a certain period of time

[1 mark for identification of a point, 1mark for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]

(b) Explain the role of mass media in influencing culture. (6)

1. Education: television programmes on culture such as Dipina le Maboko educate young

people and foreigners about our cultural practices

2. Advertising: advertising in the media people develop love and pride in their own cultures
 3. Storage for cultural aspect: historical photographs and videos of the past activities can be
stored and viewed by people for many generations to come

[1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion]

(c) Analyse the impact of globalisation on local cultures in Botswana. (8)

1. Food – there is more variety as new foods have been introduced e.g fresh chips,rice. Some
Batswana do not prefer tswana food that they have like mabele and dinawa. These are good
food that people must eat for healthy lifestyle instead of processed foods

2. Dress – women can now put on trousers just like men which gives women a variety of
clothes to choose from

3. Language – Setswana language has been enriched by other words ,youth use slang language
when talking to elders which is disrespectful e.g timer, olady

4. Shelter – many Batswana build houses which are resistant to harsh conditions but now
corrugated iron sheets and tiles used are hot and expensive

5. Technology

6. Religion

7. Entertainment

[1 mark for identification of a point, 2 marks for expansion and 1 mark for conclusion]