25.Characteristic features of the epicenter of biological lesion.
Quarantine and observation
The center of bacteriological lesion is an area where the use of biological weapons causes widespread
destruction of people, animals, plants, and contamination of buildings, air, water, and soil with bacterial
means.
Consideration must be given to the possibility of sabotage and unauthorized entry of various materials
and equipment into the territory of the Azerbaijan Republic. This could result in the creation of zones with
varying levels of bacteriological contamination, posing risks to human life, animals, plants, and more.
The basis of biological weapons are biological means, which include pathogens - bacteria and the
toxins, viruses, rickettsiae, fungi that they produce.
Fighting properties of bacteriological (biological) weapons are determined by a number of features of
their influence on humans and animals. They are the following:
1) They can cause massive infectious diseases in humans and animals even in small amounts.
2) Many infectious diseases can spread quickly from the sick to the healthy.
3) Their impact can last a long time; for instance, anthrax spores can remain infectious for years.
4) They have a hidden incubation period, the time from infection to showing symptoms.
5) Contaminated air can enter unsealed shelters, homes, and affect vulnerable people. It can also
contaminate kitchens, warehouses, and other spaces.
6) Detecting pathogens and toxins in the environment is difficult and time-consuming, requiring
specialized laboratory methods for diagnosis.
Quarantine is a strict measure to isolate and eliminate infectious diseases. It's used when dangerous
pathogens are involved. Security is enforced at the borders, and no one can leave or enter the affected
area. Activities within the zone follow strict rules. Schools, markets, and other places shut down during
quarantine. If the disease isn't highly dangerous, observation may replace quarantine.
Observation is a set of preventive measures to stop infectious diseases from spreading. It's applied in
areas near the boundary of a quarantine zone. In observation areas:
1) Entry and exit are strictly controlled, and property can't be moved without permission.
2) There's increased monitoring of food and water.
3) Movement in the contaminated area is restricted.
4) Interactions between people are limited.
Both quarantine and observation areas undergo decontamination measures like disinfection and pest
control from the start of the outbreak.
