LEARNING SESSION N° 01

I. GENERAL DATA
1.1. Educational Institution: Santa Lucia
1.2. Director:
1.3. Classroom Teacher:
1.4. Practitioner: Fernando José Llaguento Santos
1.5. Number of students: 10 Grade : 4th Date: 11/25/2021

II. TITLE OF THE SESSION

Knowing Vectors and their respective elements

PURPOSE AND EVIDENCE OF LEARNING

What will give us
COMPETENCES CAPABILITIES PERFORMANCES
evidence of learning?
Explains the
physical world, Understand and
based on use knowledge Explains and
Explains and completes
knowledge about about living understands the glands
the glands of the
living beings, beings, matter of the endocrine
endocrine system and its
matter and and energy, system and its
common diseases.
energy, biodiversity, earth common diseases
biodiversity, earth and the universe.
and the universe.

CROSS-CUTTING
OBSERVABLE ATTITUDES OR ACTIONS
APPROACHES
FOCUS ON THE The student uses his or her faculties to the maximum and
PURSUIT OF acquires strategies for the success of his or her own goals on a
EXCELLENCE personal and social level.
INCLUSIVE
APPROACH OR Willingness to teach by offering students the conditions and
ATTENTION TO opportunities that each one needs to achieve the same results
DIVERSITY
 III. SESSION PREPARATION

What resources or materials will be used in

What should be done before the session?
the session?
- Have the slides that will be given to the - Slideshow.
student. - Image related to the topic
- Prepare a sheet with the proposed table
for the systematization of the session.

IV. SEQUENCE

START 5 minutes

-The teacher greets the students and takes attendance. Remember the virtual rules.

-The slides of the class session are projected

-The teacher presents some images ( annex 1) with their respective questions.

 What do you see in the image?

 What do these images have in common?

 Have you ever seen this in a family member?

-The teacher presents to the students the purpose of the session: to know the parts of the

endocrine system and its common diseases.

DEVELOPMENT 25 minutes

The teacher presents a video about the endocrine system to accompany the explanation and

reading the slides on the topic of the endocrine system . (Appendix 2)

This will help link previous ideas with the new information that will be obtained.

The teacher invites the students to help him with reading some slides.

Next, the teacher invites the students to participate to complete and relate the parts of the

endocrine system (annex 3) (With all the information obtained from the video and given by
the teacher). Support is given to students who need help with homework.

CLOSING 5 minutes

The teacher provides feedback to the students in order to reinforce the ideas that were not

clear.

Promotes metacognition:

Was it easy for me to identify the parts of the endocrine system? What did you know before

about the topic? What was most difficult for me to learn? Do you think that what I learned will

be useful in my life?

IV. REFLECTIONS ON LEARNING

 What progress did the students make?

 What difficulties did the students have?
 What learnings should I reinforce in the next session?
 What activities, strategies and materials worked and which didn't?

ASSESSMENT
 The teacher evaluates the students' progress considering performance, using a checklist
(Annex 4).

MATERIALS OR RESOURCES TO USE

 Worksheet
 Slideshow

Bibliography
 https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/endocrine.html
 https://medicoplus.com/endocrinologia/enfermedades-endocrinas-mas-comunes
 Ministry of Education. (2019). Science, Technology and Environment Book for 4th
grade of Secondary School. Lima: Santillana Publishing Group.
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 2 EXPLANATION OF THE SLIDES

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

What is the endocrine system?

The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones. The hormones are
chemical messengers of the body. They carry information and instructions from one set of
cells to another.

The endocrine system influences almost all cells, organs and functions in our body.

What does the endocrine system do?

Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream. This allows hormones to travel to
cells in other parts of the body.

Endocrine hormones help control mood, growth and development, the functioning of our
organs, metabolism and reproduction.

The endocrine system regulates the amount of each hormone that is released.

What are the parts of the endocrine system?

Although many parts of the body produce hormones, the main glands that make up the
endocrine system are:

 hypothalamus
  hypophysis
 thyroid
 parathyroid
 adrenal
 pancreas
 pineal body
 the ovaries
 the testicles

Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus is located in the lower central part of the brain. Links the
endocrine system and the nervous system. Nerve cells in the hypothalamus make chemicals
that control the release of hormones secreted by the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus
collects information perceived by the brain (such as ambient temperature, light exposure, and
sensations) and sends it to the pituitary gland. This information influences the hormones that
the pituitary gland produces and releases.

The pituitary gland: The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and is no larger
than a pea. Despite its small size, the pituitary gland is often called the "master gland." The
hormones it produces control many other endocrine glands.

The pituitary gland produces many hormones, such as:

 growth hormone, which stimulates the growth of bones and other body tissues and
plays a role in the body's manipulation of nutrients and minerals
 prolactin, which activates milk production in breastfeeding women
 antidiuretic hormone, which helps control the body's water balance through its effect on
the kidneys

Thyroid: The thyroid is located in the front of the lower neck. It is shaped like a bow tie or
butterfly. It produces the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These hormones
control the rate at which cells burn fuels from food to produce energy. The more thyroid
hormone in the bloodstream, the faster chemical reactions occur in the body.

Thyroid hormones are important because they help the bones of children and adolescents
grow and develop, and they are also involved in the development of the brain and nervous
system.

Parathyroid: they are four tiny glands attached to the thyroid gland, which work together: they
secrete parathyroid hormone, which regulates the concentration of calcium in the blood with the
help of calcitonin, manufactured by the thyroid gland.
Adrenal Glands: These two triangular-shaped glands are located on top of each kidney. The
adrenal glands consist of two parts, each of which produces a series of hormones that have
different functions:

 The external part is the adrenal cortex. It makes hormones called corticosteroids that
regulate the balance between water and salts in the body, the body's response to
stress, metabolism, immune system, sexual development and function.
 The internal part is the adrenal medulla, which manufactures catecholamines, such as
adrenaline. Also called epinephrine, this hormone increases blood pressure and heart
rate when the body goes through a stressful situation.

Pancreas: manufactures and secretes insulin and glucagon, hormones that control the
concentration of glucose, or sugar, in the blood. Insulin helps keep the body with energy
reserves. The body uses stored energy for physical activity and exercise, and it also helps
organs function as they should.

Reproductive glands:

 In boys, the male gonads, or testicles, are located inside the scrotum. They secrete
hormones called androgens, the most important of which is testosterone. These
hormones tell a child's body when it is time to make the bodily changes associated with
puberty, such as penis enlargement, growth spurts, deepening of the voice, and growth
of facial and pubic hair. In addition, testosterone, which works together with hormones
made by the pituitary gland, also tells a boy's body when it is time to make semen in
the testicles.
 The female gonads, the ovaries, are located within the pelvis. They make eggs and
secrete the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen participates in the
onset of puberty. During puberty, a girl will grow her breasts, begin to accumulate body
fat around her hips and thighs, and grow growth spurts. Both estrogen and
progesterone participate in the regulation of a woman's menstrual cycle. These
hormones also play an important role in pregnancy.

Giantism

Gigantism is an endocrine disorder that appears when there is an excess of growth hormone,
but, in this case, during childhood. This is what differentiates it from acromegaly.

Excessive growth causes the child to be extremely tall for his or her age. This is accompanied
by other symptoms:
  Delayed puberty
 Vision problems
 Frontal and mandibular prominence (protruding forehead and jaws)
 Headache
 Spaces between teeth
 Disproportionately large hands and feet
 More marked facial features
 Sleeping problems
 Voice changes

Cushing's disease is an endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands produce too
much hormones, especially cortisol. This causes the fat metabolism in the body to be affected.

It usually arises when the body itself, due to some genetic defect, produces more cortisol than
it needs. It can also be caused by the use of certain medications.

The symptoms of Cushing's disease are as follows:

 Formation of a fat hump between the shoulders

 Rounding of the face
 Appearance of stretch marks
 Slow healing of wounds and bites
 Acne formation
 Weight gain
 Osteoporosis (weakening of bones)
 Increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes

Addison's disease

Addison's disease is a life-threatening endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal
glands, located above the kidneys, do not produce enough hormones. These are basically
cortisol and aldosterone, responsible for breaking down fats and increasing blood pressure,
respectively.

This disease can appear in all age groups. Its development is slow and the symptoms take
time to be noticed, although when they appear they are the following:

 Unintentional weight loss

 Decreased appetite
 extreme fatigue
 Low blood pressure
 Abdominal pain
  Depression
 Hair loss
 Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels)
 Darkening of the skin
 Irritability

ANNEX 03

Practice 01

Practice 02
Annex 4

CHECKLIST.

Surnames Competence Explains the physical world, based on knowledge about living
and beings, matter and energy, biodiversity, earth and the

Names universe.
Ability Understand and use knowledge about living beings, matter
and energy, biodiversity, earth and the universe.
Performance Explains and understands the parts of the endocrine system
and its common diseases.
YEAH NO
1.
2.
.
.
.
10