Science 10

Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______

Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Quarter III:
Activity 1: Label the Endocrine System
Directions: Identify the glands of the endocrine system. Choose your answer from
the box below. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.

Figur e 1. Label the Endocrine System

Illustrated by:
Queenie Joy V.
Alcantara

Answer the following questions. Write your answer

on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is endocrine system?

2. What are the functions of endocrine

system? Write four (4) functions.

3. Write five (5) glands of the endocrine system and their functions.
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Quarter III:
Activity 1.1: Endocrine Glands and their Hormones
Direction. Label the endocrine glands and write the hormones they secreted. Use the following shapes as
your guide.

Name of gland Hormone

 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Quarter III:
Activity 2 – Endocrine System: How does it Work?
Materials: colored pencils, ruler and paper, list of endocrine glands and hormones
Procedure:
1. Copy all the endocrine glands, hormones, and target organs on a paper. Leave enough space between
each item.

Hypothalamus

Releasing Hormone Inhibiting hormone

Pituitary

TSH ACTH LH FSH GH

Thyroid Adrenal cortex testes ovary all cells

Thyroxine Aldosterone testosterone estrogen

Body cells kidney mammary glands uterus

2. Using a colored pencil draw a black box around each endocrine gland.
3. Draw a black circle around each hormone
4. Draw a black diamond around each target organ and cell
5. Draw a green arrow from gland to the secreted hormone/s
6. Draw a blue arrow from hormone to target organ/cell
7. Draw a red arrow from target glands to hypothalamus. (Process of negative feedback)
8. Draw an orange arrow from hormones to the hypothalamus.

Question: How does your drawing show the interactive process of the endocrine system?

(adapted from work of Olivares, Bermio and Cruz Science and Tech for the Modern World SEMP page 157, 2003)
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Activity 2.1
Directions: Match the glands in column A with the hormone secreted in column B by writing the letter of
your answer. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.
A B
_____1. Pituitary a. thymosin
_____2. Thyroid b. insulin
_____3. Parathyroid c. estrogen
_____4. Thymus d. testosterone
_____5. Adrenal e. melatonin
_____6. Pancreas f. parathormone
_____7. Testes g. adrenaline
_____8. Ovaries h. thyroxin
i. growth hormone
Activity 2.2
Directions: The following statements are about endocrine system. Identify what is being asked by filling in
the gaps with letters to complete the word at the end of every sentence.
1. This gland is located at the base of the brain and stimulates growth.
(P _ T _ I _ A _Y)
2. This is a gland that secretes adrenaline hormone which affects the heart rate.
(A _ R _ N _ L)
3. This refers to the group of glands that releases hormones into the body.
(E _ D _ C R _ N _ S _ S T _ M)
4. These are the two hormones secreted by the ovaries.
(E _ T R O _ _ N) and (P _ O G _ S T _ R _ N E)
5. It refers to the gland that regulates blood sugar level. (P _ N _ R E _ S)

Activity 2.3: Complete the statements below. Choose your answer from the box.

The (1) _______________ system consists of (2) ______________ that secrete chemicals called (3)
_______________ that control various body processes. This control system usually brings about slow
changes in the (4) _______________ because hormones move through the circulatory system. The major
glands in the body are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, (5) _______________
and testes.
Reproductive glands of endocrine system release sex hormones to keep the male and female reproductive
systems properly. The (6) _____________ of male which lie in the scrotum, secretes hormones called (7)
________________; the most important of which is testosterone. These hormones are secreted that affect
many male characteristics such as development of the secondary sexual characteristics like the growth of
hair in various body parts as well as (8) ______________ production. On the other hand, the (9)
________________ of the female produce estrogen and (10) _________________________. These
hormones cause the development of female sexual characteristics like breast enlargement and in the
regulation and maintenance of menstruation and pregnancy, respectively.
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______
QUARTER III
Activity 3 – How can I diagnose endocrine disorder?
Direction. Use your knowledge of hormones and the table below to diagnose the patients described in
case studies. The table contains the list of the endocrine disorder, symptoms, and laboratory test results.

Case Study no. 1

A 35 year old woman complains of muscle weakness, anxiety and depression.
Questions:
1. Which disorder account for the symptoms?
2. What other symptoms you might ask to distinguish this order?
Case Study no. 2
A 33 year old man complains of fatigue. He lost weight although he is not trying to. A routine
blood test shows glucose level is normal but sodium level is low.
Questions:
1. Which disorder could he possibly have?
2. What test would you suggest to confirm this diagnosis?
 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

3. After answering these two case studies, what are the lessons and maybe skills you
learned from this activity

Activity 3.1. Directions: Fill in the table by providing the name of the disease that can be
caused by the over secretion or under secretion of hormones by the given glands. Doing simple
research to accomplish this is advised.

Activity 4: My glands, My responsibility!

Write a 200-word essay on how endocrine glands have helped you
maintain a healthy life.
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

What is endocrine system and how does it works?

The Endocrine System
The endocrine system is composed of different glands which secrete hormones that regulate metabolism,
growth and development, mood, and reproduction. Hormones are organic substances released by the
glands of the endocrine system directly into the bloodstream. Hormones can change the physiological and
metabolic behaviors of their target cells to maintain homeostasis.
The major endocrine glands in the body are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas,
ovaries, and testes.
The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce and release hormones that help control many
important body functions, especially the body's ability to change calories into energy that powers cells and
organs. The endocrine system influences how your heart beats, how your bones and tissues grow, even
your ability to make a baby. It plays a vital role in whether you develop diabetes, thyroid disease, growth
disorders, sexual dysfunction, and a host of other hormone-related disorders.
Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream and upon reaching the target organ, this
hormone produces a notable effect. Table 1 shows the list of endocrine glands, hormones, and effects.
Table 1. Summary of the Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones

The Role of Hormones in Female and Male Reproductive Systems

A human being depends on reproduction for continued production of species. If humans stop to
reproduce, the human species would become extinct. Reproduction is a normal process
controlled by hormones. These hormones keep both the male and female reproductive systems to
function properly. The pituitary gland controls the functions of both the testes and ovaries. Into
the male system, pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing
hormone (LH). As the FSH enters the testes, it stimulates the Sertoli cells that are responsible for
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
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nourishing the sperm cells that the testes produce to facilitate the process of sperm production.
Also, LH enters the testes to stimulate the interstitial cells called the Leydig cells to make and
release testosterone into the testes and the blood. The hormone testosterone is responsible for
the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and stimulates the process of sperm
production in the testes. In female reproductive system, the follicles produce estrogen that
controls the growth and release of eggs from the ovaries. Together with it is another hormone
known as progesterone which prepares uterus so that the fertilized egg can grow in it.
Progesterone is also responsible for preventing muscle contraction of the uterus that can cause
the egg to detach from the uterus. In addition, the hormone inhibin produced by follicle cells
inhibit FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) production. FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and
LH (luteinizing hormone) plays in the regulation of estrogen-progesterone levels. It affects the
development of the follicles and maturation of the egg as well as the process of ovulation.
(https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/hormonal-control-of human-reproduction/)
Endocrine System Disorder
Hormonal imbalance will occur if the organs and hormones of your body do not produce the
right amount of chemicals needed which in turn may lead to some dysfunctions. The following
are some examples of endocrine disorders.
Osteoporosis is a disease that happens when the mineral density of the bone is reduced making
it brittle and porous. Parathyroid hormone secretion is one of the possible causes of this disease.
Goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. It results from the underproduction or
overproduction of thyroid hormones.
Gigantism is a disorder that happens during childhood when there is abnormal increase in
height associated with too much secretion of growth hormones.
Dwarfism is a condition wherein the production of growth hormones in the pituitary gland is
insufficient resulting in short stature.
Cretinism- Results from thyroid hormone insufficiency in infancy
Diabetes mellitus -A disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from
insufficient insulin production by the pancreas.

https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/dwarfism.)

QUARTER III
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

ACTIVITY # 1
PARTS OF AND FUNCTIONS OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Direction: On the separate sheet of paper, identify the numbered parts of the female reproductive
system and briefly give the functions of each organ. (10 pts.)

ACTIVITY 1.2: PATHWAY OF SPERM IN MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Direction: Label the diagram of the male reproductive system. Follow the arrow to trace the
pathway of sperm cells. (10 pts.)

ACTIVITY # 1.3
 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

TAKING CARE OF MY SELF

Direction: Gather personal care that you regularly use such as soap, deodorant, feminine wash,
etc. Have a short discussion about the items you listed and their purpose in promoting good
hygiene and reproductive health. Make a table on a separate sheet of paper as shown below. You
may add rows if necessary.
ITEMS USES FOR GOOD HYGIENE AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
1.

2.

3.

4.
5.

6.
7.

8.

9.
10.

ACTIVITY # 1.4

BASES OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MALE

COMPARISON SYSTEM REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Reproductive cell Egg Cell ______________________
Reproductive ______________________ Testis
organ
Organ for Vagina ______________________
copulation
Main Ovary, Scrotum,
Components ______________________ Testis,
, Epididymis,
______________________ Vas deferens,
, Ejaculatory duct,
______________________ Urethra,
, Penis
______________________

QUARTER III
Activity 2- Constructing a Venn diagram of male and female endocrine glands
Direction: Using a Venn diagram compare the endocrine glands of male and female.
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Guide Questions:
1. What are the common endocrine glands of male and female?
2. What are the glands found only in
a. male?
b. female?

Activity 2.1- Hormones Secreted by Male and Female Reproductive System

Man looks, feels, and behaves like a man because of the hormones secreted by the gonads and
same thing happens also with a woman.
Objective: enumerate and discuss the hormones secreted by the gonads or reproductive glands
Direction: Match the hormones secreted by the gonads and with their effect to human body.
Draw lines connecting the gonads to hormones secreted and their effects.

Gonads Hormones Effects

testes estrogen deepening of voice

testosterone growth of hair

ovary progesterone prepares the endometrium

development of breast
Question:
1. Are there any secondary sex characteristics that occur to both male and female?
2. Why is it that male develops more muscle mass compared to female?
3. What do you think is the reason why female has wider pelvic or hip compared to male?
Activity 2.3 – My Real Self
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Today, accessibility of information is really evident. Some issues and concerns brought up like
taking of steroid, gender discrimination, transgender, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and
others.
Direction. Read on the selection below and answer the guide questions.

Guide Questions:
1. How do synthetic hormones help the athlete?

2. What are the side effects or negative impacts of taking artificial or synthetic hormones?

Note: the remaining questions (no. 3 to 7), the answers can be based on your personal view and
experience.
3. If I could talk to my teenage self, the one thing I would say is . . .

4. Is there something I need to change about myself?

5. Would I resort to taking synthetic hormones in achieving and enhancing the body features
or the change that I wanted?

6. Did I encounter problem/s associated with my gender and sex orientation?

7. I can resolve this problem by…..

QUARTER III
 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Activity 3- Hormones of Human Reproductive System

Directions: 1. Unscramble the letters below. Write your answer on the space provided.
a. H E R M O O N S Ans.__________________
b. R A Y V O Ans.________________
c. S E T T E S Ans.________________
d. L I N T I Z U I G E N ROOMHEN Ans. ___________________
e. D O L E S I T A R Ans.________________________

2.Label the structure/endocrine glands of female then write the hormones they secreted and
their function.

Question:
1. In what way can the hypothalamus control and monitor the
hormones of female reproductive system?

Activity 3.1 – Hormones and Reproductive Health Issues

Direction: Read some of the reproductive issues of male and female
then answer the questions.
Article 1. Hormonal Imbalance in Women
Bloating, fatigue, irritability, hair loss, palpitations, mood swings,
problems with blood sugar, trouble concentrating, infertility -- these
are just a few symptoms of hormone imbalance. These compounds
affect every cell and system in the body. Hormone imbalance can
debilitate you. Some hormonal shifts are normal, like monthly fluctuations of sex hormones
responsible for menstruation and ovulation or the changes that occur during pregnancy.
Menopause is another time for a normal hormonal shift in a woman's life. Many women may
experience weight gain, mood swings, night sweats, and diminished sex drive during this
time. Other times these fluctuations may be due to a medication or a medical condition.
Article 2.
Important reproductive health issues in men include:
• Male hypogonadism—effects (symptoms) of low testosterone and consistently lower than
normal levels of testosterone in the blood
• Male infertility—inability to produce sperm adequate for reproduction
• Decreased libido—reduced sexual desire or interest
• Gynecomastia is breast enlargement in boys or men due to a benign (non-cancerous)
increase in breast tissue. This condition results from an imbalance between the hormones
testosterone and estrogen.
• Low Testosterone may cause a man to lose body hair, muscle bulk, and strength and to gain
body fat. Chronic (long-term) low testosterone may also cause weak bones (osteoporosis),
mood changes, less energy, and smaller testes.
Guide Questions:
1. What is hormonal imbalance?
2. What are the symptoms experienced by woman if the hormones are not balance?
3. What are some of the issues of male in relation to reproductive health and hormones?

Activity 3.2 – How Can I Cope?

 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Technology and advancement in medicine helps alleviate some hormonal problems. Below is one of the
hormonal issues which can be a concern of women in the family.
Direction: Read carefully and answer the questions.
What is hormone replacement therapy?
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a replacement of female sex hormones in women. These
hormones are called estrogen and progesterone. Usually every month in a healthy woman of childbearing
age hormones are produced and released from the brain and pituitary gland to encourage one of her two
ovaries to produce an egg (ovum). At the same time estrogen and progesterone are released from the
ovaries, which cause changes that help to prepare the body for a pregnancy.
If pregnancy does not occur the hormone levels fall and the woman will have a period. After the
menopause or ‘the change’ the ovaries no longer respond to the hormones from the pituitary gland and
shut down. This means a woman can no longer become pregnant naturally and her periods stop Treating
patients with HRT replaces the hormones no longer being released from the ovary and some of these
symptoms can be helped.
When can hormone replacement therapy be used?
Most women have their menopause between 50-55 years of age. Some women go into an early
menopause before they are 45. In these women HRT can be used before the age of 50 without increasing
their risk of breast cancer.
What types of therapy are there?
HRT can be given by tablets, patches, creams or gels under advice from a GP. HRT can take different
forms:
• estrogen only; for women who do not have a uterus (womb)
• Cyclical combined – which is estrogen and progesterone together and re-introduces monthly periods
• Continuous combined – these prevent periods and may either be estrogen and progesterone combined or
Tibolone – a synthetic medication that has combined effects of estrogen, progesterone and testosterone.
Women with an intact uterus must take combined HRT, replacing both estrogen and progesterone, to
prevent the lining of the womb thickening and thus reducing the risk of endometrial cancer of the womb.
If a woman has had a hysterectomy then therapy can be oestrogen only. If she has already been on a
cyclical combined course of therapy and reaches 54 years of age, or has had no periods for 12 months
before starting HRT, she should start continuous combined HRT to prevent regular monthly bleeds.
For how long can hormone replacement therapy be given and what are the risks?
The current recommendations are for the lowest dose for the shortest possible time to control symptoms.
Women who do not have symptoms of menopause should not use HRT. All types of HRT are linked with an
increase in the risk of breast cancer and some therapies increase the risk of cancer of the uterus. A 2019
study in over 100,000 women suggests that HRT causes 5% of all
breast cancer case, which is higher than previously thought by experts. The study showed that 6.3% of
women develop breast cancer between the ages of 50-70 years if they do not take and HRT. However, this
risk of breast cancer is 8.3% in women taking HRT containing estrogen and progesterone. In women taking
progesterone only HRT, 7.7.% developed breast cancer. There are some benefits of HRT including
strengthening the bones, which reduces the risk of osteoporosis and broken bones, but this is only during
the time of taking HRT. HRT also reduces the risk of getting bowel cancer. Active women may suffer fewer
symptoms than inactive women, so regular
exercise may help. Reducing alcohol and caffeine intake may help reduce hot flushes.
Questions:
1. Are you in favor of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT)?
Answer: __________

2. If
a. Yes, (your explanation)_____________________________________
______________________________________________________________

b. No, (your explanation )______________________________________

 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

Activity 3.3: Complete the details by writing your answer

on the space provided.

Hypothalamus produce _______________which stimulates

___________________ to secrete ___________ and ____________.
During
puberty, These two hormones stimulate the ________ of male
to produce
____________ and sperm cells while in female the
____________ produces egg
cells and two hormones such as ______________ and
_____________
responsible for secondary sex characteristics and
maintaining normal
menstrual cycle.
The anterior pituitary gland secretes two hormones:
_______________during childbirth and ______________ after childbirth.

QUARTER III
 Science
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
10
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

ACTIVITY # 4: PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Direction: Complete the diagram of the menstrual cycle by labelling and describing the most
important event in each phase.

ACTIVITY # 4.1
SAVE THE DATE
Direction: Color/mark the date/s in the calendar as described by the following events of 28-days
menstrual cycle. The blood drop image indicates the first day of the cycle.

RED-uterus sheds its inner lining of soft tissue and blood vessels
BLUE-last day of the Follicular Phase
GREEN-a mature egg cell is released from the ovary
YELLOW-days of the Luteal Phase
MARK X-most fertile days

QUARTER III
 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

ACTIVITY # 4.2: IT’S A GIRL THING!

Direction: The diagram shows the physical and emotional changes in a woman in each phase of
menstrual cycle. Write the correct scientific explanation for each. Choose you answer from the
“pool of statements” below.
 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

ACTIVITY # 5: DOT TO DOT

Direction: Draw line from the endocrine gland to the hormone it produces and identify the
function/s of each hormone in regulating female reproductive processes. Select your answer
from the given choices below.

ACTIVITY # 2: OH MY BABY!
Direction: Study the diagram of feedback mechanism in giving birth. Complete the process by
filling in the missing concept, choose from the pool of words below.
 Science 10
Name: __________________________________________Grade & Section : _________ Date: _______
Parent Signature: _______________________ Score: ______

ACTIVITY # 5.2: WRONG FEEDBACK!

Direction: The diagram shows the physical and emotional changes in a woman in each phase of
menstrual cycle. Write the correct scientific explanation for each. Choose your answer from the
“pool of statements” below.